Top 100 Vocabulary for Visiting and Touring America | Louisville is an English–Chinese guide to a city where the Kentucky Derby, bourbon production, Ohio River engineering, baseball-bat manufacturing and a newly redesigned 2026 bus network all have their own precise vocabulary.
这份路易斯维尔旅行词汇指南为中国旅客、英语学习者及英中双语家庭准备。100个词围绕肯塔基德比、波本威士忌、俄亥俄河、Louisville Slugger球棒制造、TARC公交和本地饮食文化建立。
City map and neighborhoods: words 1–10
1. Louisville Kentucky
English meaning: Kentucky’s largest city and the focus of this guide.
中文: 肯塔基州路易斯维尔 · Pinyin: kěn tǎ jī zhōu lù yì sī wéi ěr
Pronunciation cue: LOO-uh-vul Kentucky
Example: In Louisville, Louisville Kentucky gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，肯塔基州路易斯维尔帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
2. Derby City
English meaning: A Louisville nickname tied to the Kentucky Derby.
中文: 德比赛马之城 · Pinyin: dé bǐ sài mǎ zhī chéng
Pronunciation cue: DER-bee city
Example: In Louisville, Derby City gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，德比赛马之城帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
3. Downtown Louisville
English meaning: The central business, museum and riverfront district.
中文: 路易斯维尔市中心 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr shì zhōng xīn
Pronunciation cue: DOWN-town Louisville
Example: In Louisville, Downtown Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔市中心帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
4. NuLu Louisville
English meaning: The East Market arts, dining and design district.
中文: 路易斯维尔NuLu区 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr NuLu qū
Pronunciation cue: NOO-loo Louisville
Example: In Louisville, NuLu Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔NuLu区帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
5. Old Louisville
English meaning: A large historic district known for Victorian architecture.
中文: 老路易斯维尔 · Pinyin: lǎo lù yì sī wéi ěr
Pronunciation cue: OLD Louisville
Example: In Louisville, Old Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，老路易斯维尔帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
6. Highlands Louisville
English meaning: A Bardstown Road district known for local shops, dining and nightlife.
中文: 路易斯维尔高地区 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr gāo dì qū
Pronunciation cue: HIGH-lands Louisville
Example: In Louisville, Highlands Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔高地区帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
7. Butchertown Louisville
English meaning: A historic east-downtown district shaped by industry and redevelopment.
中文: 路易斯维尔屠宰区 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr tú zǎi qū
Pronunciation cue: BUTCH-er-town Louisville
Example: In Louisville, Butchertown Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔屠宰区帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
8. Whiskey Row Louisville
English meaning: The Main Street historic district associated with whiskey commerce and distilleries.
中文: 路易斯维尔威士忌街 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr wēi shì jì jiē
Pronunciation cue: WHIS-key row Louisville
Example: In Louisville, Whiskey Row Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔威士忌街帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
9. Portland neighborhood Louisville
English meaning: A historic west Louisville river neighborhood.
中文: 路易斯维尔波特兰街区 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr bō tè lán jiē qū
Pronunciation cue: PORT-land neighborhood Louisville
Example: In Louisville, Portland neighborhood Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔波特兰街区帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
10. Cherokee Triangle Louisville
English meaning: A historic residential district near Cherokee Park.
中文: 路易斯维尔切罗基三角区 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr qiè luó jī sān jiǎo qū
Pronunciation cue: CHER-uh-kee triangle Louisville
Example: In Louisville, Cherokee Triangle Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔切罗基三角区帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
Churchill Downs and Derby grounds: words 11–20
11. Churchill Downs
English meaning: The Louisville racetrack home of the Kentucky Derby.
中文: 丘吉尔赛马场 · Pinyin: qiū jí ěr sài mǎ chǎng
Pronunciation cue: CHUR-chill downs
Example: In Louisville, Churchill Downs gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，丘吉尔赛马场帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
12. Twin Spires
English meaning: The famous paired towers above Churchill Downs.
中文: 双尖塔 · Pinyin: shuāng jiān tǎ
Pronunciation cue: TWIN spires
Example: In Louisville, Twin Spires gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，双尖塔帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
13. Kentucky Derby Museum
English meaning: The museum interpreting more than 150 years of Derby history.
中文: 肯塔基德比博物馆 · Pinyin: kěn tǎ jī dé bǐ bó wù guǎn
Pronunciation cue: Kentucky DER-bee museum
Example: In Louisville, Kentucky Derby Museum gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，肯塔基德比博物馆帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
14. Derby paddock
English meaning: The area where racehorses are saddled and viewed before racing.
中文: 德比亮相围场 · Pinyin: dé bǐ liàng xiàng wéi chǎng
Pronunciation cue: DER-bee PAD-uk
Example: In Louisville, Derby paddock gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，德比亮相围场帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
15. Derby starting gate
English meaning: The starting apparatus used to line up horses before the race.
中文: 德比起跑闸 · Pinyin: dé bǐ qǐ pǎo zhá
Pronunciation cue: DER-bee START-ing gate
Example: In Louisville, Derby starting gate gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，德比起跑闸帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
16. Derby Winner’s Circle
English meaning: The ceremonial area where the winning horse and connections are honored.
中文: 德比冠军圈 · Pinyin: dé bǐ guàn jūn quān
Pronunciation cue: DER-bee WIN-erz circle
Example: In Louisville, Derby Winner’s Circle gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，德比冠军圈帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
17. Churchill Downs backside
English meaning: The stable, barn and working area behind the public grandstand.
中文: 丘吉尔赛马场后场 · Pinyin: qiū jí ěr sài mǎ chǎng hòu chǎng
Pronunciation cue: Churchill Downs BACK-side
Example: In Louisville, Churchill Downs backside gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，丘吉尔赛马场后场帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
18. Derby grandstand
English meaning: The main spectator seating structure at Churchill Downs.
中文: 德比大看台 · Pinyin: dé bǐ dà kàn tái
Pronunciation cue: DER-bee GRAND-stand
Example: In Louisville, Derby grandstand gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，德比大看台帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
19. Derby clubhouse
English meaning: A premium spectator and hospitality area at Churchill Downs.
中文: 德比会所区 · Pinyin: dé bǐ huì suǒ qū
Pronunciation cue: DER-bee CLUB-house
Example: In Louisville, Derby clubhouse gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，德比会所区帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
20. Derby track visit
English meaning: A guided visit from the museum into Churchill Downs.
中文: 德比赛道参观 · Pinyin: dé bǐ sài dào cān guān
Pronunciation cue: DER-bee TRACK visit
Example: In Louisville, Derby track visit gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，德比赛道参观帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
Kentucky Derby race vocabulary: words 21–30
21. Kentucky Derby
English meaning: The annual Thoroughbred race known as the Run for the Roses.
中文: 肯塔基德比 · Pinyin: kěn tǎ jī dé bǐ
Pronunciation cue: Kentucky DER-bee
Example: In Louisville, Kentucky Derby gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，肯塔基德比帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
22. Run for the Roses
English meaning: The famous nickname for the Kentucky Derby.
中文: 玫瑰之赛 · Pinyin: méi gui zhī sài
Pronunciation cue: RUN for the roses
Example: In Louisville, Run for the Roses gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，玫瑰之赛帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
23. Derby one-and-a-quarter-mile distance
English meaning: The traditional Kentucky Derby race distance.
中文: 德比一又四分之一英里赛程 · Pinyin: dé bǐ yī yòu sì fēn zhī yī yīng lǐ sài chéng
Pronunciation cue: DER-bee one-and-a-quarter-mile distance
Example: In Louisville, Derby one-and-a-quarter-mile distance gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，德比一又四分之一英里赛程帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
24. Derby post position
English meaning: A horse’s assigned starting-gate position.
中文: 德比闸位 · Pinyin: dé bǐ zhá wèi
Pronunciation cue: DER-bee POST position
Example: In Louisville, Derby post position gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，德比闸位帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
25. Derby morning line
English meaning: The track handicapper’s estimated pre-race odds.
中文: 德比初始赔率线 · Pinyin: dé bǐ chū shǐ péi lǜ xiàn
Pronunciation cue: DER-bee MOR-ning line
Example: In Louisville, Derby morning line gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，德比初始赔率线帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
26. Derby call to post
English meaning: The traditional musical signal summoning horses toward the track.
中文: 德比召集入场号声 · Pinyin: dé bǐ zhào jí rù chǎng hào shēng
Pronunciation cue: DER-bee CALL to post
Example: In Louisville, Derby call to post gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，德比召集入场号声帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
27. My Old Kentucky Home Derby
English meaning: The singing tradition associated with horses entering the track.
中文: 德比我的肯塔基故乡传统 · Pinyin: dé bǐ wǒ de kěn tǎ jī gù xiāng chuán tǒng
Pronunciation cue: My Old Kentucky Home Derby
Example: In Louisville, My Old Kentucky Home Derby gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，德比我的肯塔基故乡传统帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
28. garland of roses Derby
English meaning: The blanket of roses presented to the winning Derby horse.
中文: 德比玫瑰花环 · Pinyin: dé bǐ méi gui huā huán
Pronunciation cue: GAR-land of roses Derby
Example: In Louisville, garland of roses Derby gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，德比玫瑰花环帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
29. Derby mint-julep glass
English meaning: The collectible annual glass associated with the Derby’s signature drink.
中文: 德比薄荷朱利普纪念杯 · Pinyin: dé bǐ bò he zhū lì pǔ jì niàn bēi
Pronunciation cue: DER-bee mint JOO-lip glass
Example: In Louisville, Derby mint-julep glass gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，德比薄荷朱利普纪念杯帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
30. Derby racing silks
English meaning: The colorful clothing worn by jockeys to identify owners and horses.
中文: 德比赛马彩衣 · Pinyin: dé bǐ sài mǎ cǎi yī
Pronunciation cue: DER-bee RAY-sing silks
Example: In Louisville, Derby racing silks gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，德比赛马彩衣帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
Bourbon production vocabulary: words 31–40
31. Louisville Bourbon City
English meaning: Louisville’s official tourism identity as Bourbon City.
中文: 路易斯维尔波本之城 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr bō běn zhī chéng
Pronunciation cue: Louisville BUR-bun city
Example: In Louisville, Louisville Bourbon City gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔波本之城帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
32. Urban Bourbon Trail
English meaning: Louisville’s network of bourbon-focused bars and restaurants.
中文: 城市波本之旅 · Pinyin: chéng shì bō běn zhī lǚ
Pronunciation cue: UR-ban bourbon trail
Example: In Louisville, Urban Bourbon Trail gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，城市波本之旅帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
33. bourbon mash bill Louisville
English meaning: The grain recipe used to make a bourbon whiskey.
中文: 路易斯维尔波本谷物配方 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr bō běn gǔ wù pèi fāng
Pronunciation cue: BOUR-bon mash bill Louisville
Example: In Louisville, bourbon mash bill Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔波本谷物配方帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
34. new charred oak barrel
English meaning: The type of barrel required for bourbon aging.
中文: 新烧焦橡木桶 · Pinyin: xīn shāo jiāo xiàng mù tǒng
Pronunciation cue: NEW charred oak barrel
Example: In Louisville, new charred oak barrel gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，新烧焦橡木桶帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
35. barrel entry proof Louisville
English meaning: The alcohol strength of spirit when placed into the barrel.
中文: 路易斯维尔入桶酒精度 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr rù tǒng jiǔ jīng dù
Pronunciation cue: BAR-rel entry proof Louisville
Example: In Louisville, barrel entry proof Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔入桶酒精度帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
36. Louisville rickhouse
English meaning: A warehouse where barrels of aging whiskey are stored.
中文: 路易斯维尔熟成仓库 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr shú chéng cāng kù
Pronunciation cue: Louisville RICK-house
Example: In Louisville, Louisville rickhouse gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔熟成仓库帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
37. angel’s share bourbon
English meaning: The portion of whiskey lost to evaporation during aging.
中文: 波本天使份额 · Pinyin: bō běn tiān shǐ fèn é
Pronunciation cue: ANG-julz share bourbon
Example: In Louisville, angel’s share bourbon gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，波本天使份额帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
38. bourbon barrel char level
English meaning: The degree to which the inside of an oak barrel is burned.
中文: 波本桶炭化等级 · Pinyin: bō běn tǒng tàn huà děng jí
Pronunciation cue: BOUR-bon barrel CHAR level
Example: In Louisville, bourbon barrel char level gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，波本桶炭化等级帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
39. bonded bourbon Louisville
English meaning: Bourbon meeting Bottled-in-Bond legal requirements.
中文: 路易斯维尔保税波本 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr bǎo shuì bō běn
Pronunciation cue: BON-did bourbon Louisville
Example: In Louisville, bonded bourbon Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔保税波本帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
40. single-barrel bourbon Louisville
English meaning: Bourbon bottled from one selected barrel rather than a blend.
中文: 路易斯维尔单桶波本 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr dān tǒng bō běn
Pronunciation cue: SINGLE-barrel bourbon Louisville
Example: In Louisville, single-barrel bourbon Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔单桶波本帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
Whiskey Row and Urban Bourbon: words 41–50
41. Whiskey Row historic facade
English meaning: The preserved commercial fronts along Louisville’s whiskey district.
中文: 威士忌街历史立面 · Pinyin: wēi shì jì jiē lì shǐ lì miàn
Pronunciation cue: WHIS-key row historic facade
Example: In Louisville, Whiskey Row historic facade gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，威士忌街历史立面帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
42. Louisville distillery experience
English meaning: A visitor tour or tasting at an urban bourbon distillery.
中文: 路易斯维尔酒厂体验 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr jiǔ chǎng tǐ yàn
Pronunciation cue: Louisville dis-TIL-er-ee experience
Example: In Louisville, Louisville distillery experience gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔酒厂体验帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
43. Louisville bourbon tasting room
English meaning: A dedicated space for guided whiskey tasting.
中文: 路易斯维尔波本品鉴室 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr bō běn pǐn jiàn shì
Pronunciation cue: Louisville bourbon TAY-sting room
Example: In Louisville, Louisville bourbon tasting room gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔波本品鉴室帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
44. Louisville bourbon flight
English meaning: A set of small bourbon pours served for comparison.
中文: 路易斯维尔波本品鉴组合 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr bō běn pǐn jiàn zǔ hé
Pronunciation cue: Louisville bourbon FLIGHT
Example: In Louisville, Louisville bourbon flight gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔波本品鉴组合帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
45. bourbon proof point
English meaning: The stated proof used to compare whiskey strength.
中文: 波本酒精度数 · Pinyin: bō běn jiǔ jīng dù shù
Pronunciation cue: BOUR-bon PROOF point
Example: In Louisville, bourbon proof point gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，波本酒精度数帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
46. whiskey thief Louisville
English meaning: A tube used to draw a whiskey sample from a barrel.
中文: 路易斯维尔取酒铜管 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr qǔ jiǔ tóng guǎn
Pronunciation cue: WHIS-key thief Louisville
Example: In Louisville, whiskey thief Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔取酒铜管帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
47. bottle-your-own bourbon
English meaning: A visitor experience in which a selected bourbon is filled and labeled personally.
中文: 自装瓶波本 · Pinyin: zì zhuāng píng bō běn
Pronunciation cue: BOT-ul-your-own bourbon
Example: In Louisville, bottle-your-own bourbon gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，自装瓶波本帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
48. Louisville speakeasy
English meaning: A bar using a Prohibition-era hidden or themed style.
中文: 路易斯维尔隐秘酒吧 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr yǐn mì jiǔ ba
Pronunciation cue: Louisville SPEAK-easy
Example: In Louisville, Louisville speakeasy gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔隐秘酒吧帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
49. bourbon barrel stave Louisville
English meaning: A curved oak board forming part of a whiskey barrel.
中文: 路易斯维尔波本桶板 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr bō běn tǒng bǎn
Pronunciation cue: BOUR-bon barrel STAYV Louisville
Example: In Louisville, bourbon barrel stave Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔波本桶板帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
50. Bourbon District Louisville
English meaning: The downtown district branding linking distilleries and bourbon attractions.
中文: 路易斯维尔波本区 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr bō běn qū
Pronunciation cue: BOUR-bon district Louisville
Example: In Louisville, Bourbon District Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔波本区帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
Ohio River and bridge engineering: words 51–60
51. Ohio River Louisville
English meaning: The major river forming Louisville’s northern edge.
中文: 路易斯维尔俄亥俄河 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr é hài é hé
Pronunciation cue: Ohio river Louisville
Example: In Louisville, Ohio River Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔俄亥俄河帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
52. McAlpine Locks and Dam
English meaning: The navigation lock-and-dam complex on the Ohio River.
中文: 麦卡尔派恩船闸与水坝 · Pinyin: mài kǎ ěr pài ēn chuán zhá yǔ shuǐ bà
Pronunciation cue: muh-KAL-pine locks and dam
Example: In Louisville, McAlpine Locks and Dam gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，麦卡尔派恩船闸与水坝帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
53. Falls of the Ohio Louisville region
English meaning: The shallow fossil-rich river area beside the Louisville metro region.
中文: 路易斯维尔地区俄亥俄瀑布 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr dì qū é hài é pù bù
Pronunciation cue: Falls of the Ohio Louisville region
Example: In Louisville, Falls of the Ohio Louisville region gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔地区俄亥俄瀑布帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
54. Big Four Bridge
English meaning: A former railroad bridge converted to a pedestrian and bicycle crossing.
中文: 大四桥 · Pinyin: dà sì qiáo
Pronunciation cue: BIG four bridge
Example: In Louisville, Big Four Bridge gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，大四桥帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
55. Clark Memorial Bridge Louisville
English meaning: A major Ohio River bridge linking downtown Louisville and Indiana.
中文: 路易斯维尔克拉克纪念桥 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr kè lā kè jì niàn qiáo
Pronunciation cue: Clark memorial bridge Louisville
Example: In Louisville, Clark Memorial Bridge Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔克拉克纪念桥帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
56. Lincoln Bridge Louisville
English meaning: An interstate bridge carrying northbound traffic across the Ohio River.
中文: 路易斯维尔林肯桥 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr lín kěn qiáo
Pronunciation cue: LIN-kun bridge Louisville
Example: In Louisville, Lincoln Bridge Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔林肯桥帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
57. Kennedy Bridge Louisville
English meaning: An interstate bridge carrying southbound traffic across the Ohio River.
中文: 路易斯维尔肯尼迪桥 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr kěn ní dí qiáo
Pronunciation cue: KEN-uh-dee bridge Louisville
Example: In Louisville, Kennedy Bridge Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔肯尼迪桥帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
58. Louisville river gauge
English meaning: A station or instrument measuring Ohio River stage.
中文: 路易斯维尔河流水位尺 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr hé liú shuǐ wèi chǐ
Pronunciation cue: Louisville RIVER gauge
Example: In Louisville, Louisville river gauge gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔河流水位尺帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
59. Ohio River towboat convoy Louisville
English meaning: A towboat pushing multiple commercial barges past Louisville.
中文: 路易斯维尔俄亥俄河拖船驳船编队 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr é hài é hé tuō chuán bó chuán biān duì
Pronunciation cue: Ohio river TOW-boat convoy Louisville
Example: In Louisville, Ohio River towboat convoy Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔俄亥俄河拖船驳船编队帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
60. Louisville floodwall
English meaning: Part of the city’s engineered flood-protection system.
中文: 路易斯维尔防洪墙 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr fáng hóng qiáng
Pronunciation cue: Louisville FLOOD-wall
Example: In Louisville, Louisville floodwall gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔防洪墙帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
Louisville Slugger manufacturing: words 61–70
61. Louisville Slugger Museum & Factory
English meaning: The downtown museum and factory devoted to baseball-bat making.
中文: 路易斯维尔强棒博物馆与工厂 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr qiáng bàng bó wù guǎn yǔ gōng chǎng
Pronunciation cue: Louisville SLUG-er museum and factory
Example: In Louisville, Louisville Slugger Museum & Factory gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔强棒博物馆与工厂帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
62. Hillerich & Bradsby
English meaning: The company behind Louisville Slugger bats.
中文: 希勒里奇与布拉兹比公司 · Pinyin: xī lè lǐ qí yǔ bù lā zī bǐ gōng sī
Pronunciation cue: HILL-er-ick and BRADZ-bee
Example: In Louisville, Hillerich & Bradsby gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，希勒里奇与布拉兹比公司帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
63. wood bat billet
English meaning: A cylindrical piece of wood prepared for turning into a bat.
中文: 木球棒坯料 · Pinyin: mù qiú bàng pī liào
Pronunciation cue: WOOD bat BIL-it
Example: In Louisville, wood bat billet gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，木球棒坯料帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
64. bat turning lathe
English meaning: A machine shaping a wooden billet into a baseball bat.
中文: 球棒车床 · Pinyin: qiú bàng chē chuáng
Pronunciation cue: BAT TURN-ing lathe
Example: In Louisville, bat turning lathe gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，球棒车床帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
65. bat cupping Louisville
English meaning: Removing a small cup of wood from the bat’s barrel end to adjust balance.
中文: 路易斯维尔球棒杯形挖空 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr qiú bàng bēi xíng wā kōng
Pronunciation cue: BAT CUP-ing Louisville
Example: In Louisville, bat cupping Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔球棒杯形挖空帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
66. Louisville Slugger branding iron
English meaning: A heated or stamping tool marking a bat with its brand.
中文: 路易斯维尔强棒烙印工具 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr qiáng bàng lào yìn gōng jù
Pronunciation cue: Louisville Slugger BRAND-ing iron
Example: In Louisville, Louisville Slugger branding iron gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔强棒烙印工具帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
67. bat model-number stamp
English meaning: The identifying model code applied to a bat.
中文: 球棒型号印记 · Pinyin: qiú bàng xíng hào yìn jì
Pronunciation cue: BAT model-number stamp
Example: In Louisville, bat model-number stamp gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，球棒型号印记帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
68. Major League bat order Louisville
English meaning: A custom professional bat specification produced for a player.
中文: 路易斯维尔大联盟球棒订单 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr dà lián méng qiú bàng dìng dān
Pronunciation cue: Major League BAT order Louisville
Example: In Louisville, Major League bat order Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔大联盟球棒订单帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
69. giant baseball bat Louisville
English meaning: The huge bat sculpture outside the museum and factory.
中文: 路易斯维尔巨型棒球棒 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr jù xíng bàng qiú bàng
Pronunciation cue: GIANT baseball bat Louisville
Example: In Louisville, giant baseball bat Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔巨型棒球棒帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
70. ash bat grain Louisville
English meaning: The wood-grain orientation examined in traditional ash baseball bats.
中文: 路易斯维尔白蜡木球棒纹理 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr bái là mù qiú bàng wén lǐ
Pronunciation cue: ASH bat grain Louisville
Example: In Louisville, ash bat grain Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔白蜡木球棒纹理帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
New TARC Network 2026: words 71–80
71. TARC
English meaning: Transit Authority of River City, Louisville’s public-bus agency.
中文: 河城交通管理局 · Pinyin: hé chéng jiāo tōng guǎn lǐ jú
Pronunciation cue: TARK
Example: In Louisville, TARC gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，河城交通管理局帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
72. New TARC Network
English meaning: The redesigned Louisville bus network launched August 2, 2026.
中文: 新TARC公交网络 · Pinyin: xīn TARC gōng jiāo wǎng luò
Pronunciation cue: NEW TARC network
Example: In Louisville, New TARC Network gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，新TARC公交网络帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
73. Downtown Transfer Center Louisville
English meaning: The new central bus transfer facility introduced with the network redesign.
中文: 路易斯维尔市中心换乘中心 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr shì zhōng xīn huàn chéng zhōng xīn
Pronunciation cue: DOWN-town transfer center Louisville
Example: In Louisville, Downtown Transfer Center Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔市中心换乘中心帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
74. TARC Route 1 Broadway-Bardstown
English meaning: A major 15-minute corridor route in the new network.
中文: TARC 1路百老汇-巴兹敦 · Pinyin: TARC yī lù bǎi lǎo huì bā zī dūn
Pronunciation cue: TARC route one Broadway Bardstown
Example: In Louisville, TARC Route 1 Broadway-Bardstown gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，TARC 1路百老汇-巴兹敦帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
75. TARC Route 3 Market-Preston
English meaning: A major 15-minute corridor route through downtown and south Louisville.
中文: TARC 3路市场街-普雷斯顿 · Pinyin: TARC sān lù shì chǎng jiē pǔ léi sī dùn
Pronunciation cue: TARC route three Market Preston
Example: In Louisville, TARC Route 3 Market-Preston gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，TARC 3路市场街-普雷斯顿帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
76. TARC Route 4 Fourth Street-New Cut
English meaning: A frequent north-south route in the redesigned network.
中文: TARC 4路第四街-新切口路 · Pinyin: TARC sì lù dì sì jiē xīn qiē kǒu lù
Pronunciation cue: TARC route four Fourth Street New Cut
Example: In Louisville, TARC Route 4 Fourth Street-New Cut gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，TARC 4路第四街-新切口路帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
77. MyTARC fare card
English meaning: The reusable physical fare card for TARC.
中文: MyTARC交通卡 · Pinyin: MyTARC jiāo tōng kǎ
Pronunciation cue: MY-TARC fare card
Example: In Louisville, MyTARC fare card gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，MyTARC交通卡帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
78. MyTARC Mobile
English meaning: TARC’s mobile-ticket option using Token Transit.
中文: MyTARC手机票 · Pinyin: MyTARC shǒu jī piào
Pronunciation cue: MY-TARC mobile
Example: In Louisville, MyTARC Mobile gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，MyTARC手机票帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
79. TARC 24-Hour Pass
English meaning: The current one-day fare product.
中文: TARC二十四小时通票 · Pinyin: TARC èr shí sì xiǎo shí tōng piào
Pronunciation cue: TARC twenty-four-hour pass
Example: In Louisville, TARC 24-Hour Pass gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，TARC二十四小时通票帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
80. 15-minute corridor service Louisville
English meaning: Frequent service on major redesigned TARC corridors.
中文: 路易斯维尔十五分钟干线公交 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr shí wǔ fēn zhōng gàn xiàn gōng jiāo
Pronunciation cue: fifteen-minute corridor service Louisville
Example: In Louisville, 15-minute corridor service Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔十五分钟干线公交帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
Louisville food and cultural institutions: words 81–90
81. Hot Brown
English meaning: Louisville’s open-faced turkey, bacon and Mornay-sauce sandwich.
中文: 热布朗三明治 · Pinyin: rè bù lǎng sān míng zhì
Pronunciation cue: HOT brown
Example: In Louisville, Hot Brown gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，热布朗三明治帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
82. Benedictine spread Louisville
English meaning: A green cucumber-and-cream-cheese spread created in Louisville.
中文: 路易斯维尔黄瓜奶油奶酪酱 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr huáng guā nǎi yóu nǎi lào jiàng
Pronunciation cue: BEN-uh-dik-teen spread Louisville
Example: In Louisville, Benedictine spread Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔黄瓜奶油奶酪酱帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
83. Kentucky burgoo Louisville
English meaning: A thick regional meat-and-vegetable stew.
中文: 路易斯维尔肯塔基杂烩 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr kěn tǎ jī zá huì
Pronunciation cue: Kentucky BUR-goo Louisville
Example: In Louisville, Kentucky burgoo Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔肯塔基杂烩帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
84. Modjeska candy
English meaning: A Louisville confection of marshmallow wrapped in caramel.
中文: 莫杰斯卡糖 · Pinyin: mò jié sī kǎ táng
Pronunciation cue: mod-JES-kuh candy
Example: In Louisville, Modjeska candy gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，莫杰斯卡糖帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
85. Louisville bourbon ball
English meaning: A chocolate confection flavored with bourbon.
中文: 路易斯维尔波本巧克力球 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr bō běn qiǎo kè lì qiú
Pronunciation cue: Louisville bourbon ball
Example: In Louisville, Louisville bourbon ball gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔波本巧克力球帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
86. Muhammad Ali Center
English meaning: A museum and cultural center honoring Louisville-born Muhammad Ali.
中文: 穆罕默德·阿里中心 · Pinyin: mù hǎn mò dé ā lǐ zhōng xīn
Pronunciation cue: Muhammad Ali center
Example: In Louisville, Muhammad Ali Center gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，穆罕默德·阿里中心帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
87. Frazier History Museum
English meaning: A downtown museum interpreting Kentucky history and bourbon culture.
中文: 弗雷泽历史博物馆 · Pinyin: fú léi zé lì shǐ bó wù guǎn
Pronunciation cue: FRAY-zher history museum
Example: In Louisville, Frazier History Museum gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，弗雷泽历史博物馆帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
88. Speed Art Museum
English meaning: Louisville’s major art museum near the University of Louisville.
中文: 斯皮德艺术博物馆 · Pinyin: sī pí dé yì shù bó wù guǎn
Pronunciation cue: SPEED art museum
Example: In Louisville, Speed Art Museum gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，斯皮德艺术博物馆帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
89. Kentucky Science Center
English meaning: A downtown interactive science museum.
中文: 肯塔基科学中心 · Pinyin: kěn tǎ jī kē xué zhōng xīn
Pronunciation cue: Kentucky science center
Example: In Louisville, Kentucky Science Center gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，肯塔基科学中心帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
90. Louisville Palace Theatre
English meaning: A historic atmospheric theater downtown.
中文: 路易斯维尔宫殿剧院 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr gōng diàn jù yuàn
Pronunciation cue: Louisville palace theatre
Example: In Louisville, Louisville Palace Theatre gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔宫殿剧院帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
Parks, airport and practical planning: words 91–100
91. Louisville Waterfront Park
English meaning: The large public park along the Ohio River.
中文: 路易斯维尔滨水公园 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr bīn shuǐ gōng yuán
Pronunciation cue: Louisville waterfront park
Example: In Louisville, Louisville Waterfront Park gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔滨水公园帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
92. Big Four Lawn
English meaning: The Waterfront Park lawn at the Kentucky end of the Big Four Bridge.
中文: 大四桥草坪 · Pinyin: dà sì qiáo cǎo píng
Pronunciation cue: BIG four lawn
Example: In Louisville, Big Four Lawn gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，大四桥草坪帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
93. Cherokee Park Louisville
English meaning: A major Olmsted-designed park in the Highlands.
中文: 路易斯维尔切罗基公园 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr qiè luó jī gōng yuán
Pronunciation cue: Cherokee park Louisville
Example: In Louisville, Cherokee Park Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔切罗基公园帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
94. Olmsted parkway Louisville
English meaning: A landscaped road forming part of Louisville’s historic park system.
中文: 路易斯维尔奥姆斯特德公园道 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr ào mǔ sī tè dé gōng yuán dào
Pronunciation cue: OLM-sted parkway Louisville
Example: In Louisville, Olmsted parkway Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔奥姆斯特德公园道帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
95. Iroquois Park overlook
English meaning: A high viewpoint in south Louisville.
中文: 易洛魁公园观景点 · Pinyin: yì luò kuí gōng yuán guān jǐng diǎn
Pronunciation cue: IR-uh-kwoy park overlook
Example: In Louisville, Iroquois Park overlook gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，易洛魁公园观景点帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
96. Louisville Muhammad Ali International Airport
English meaning: The city’s main commercial airport.
中文: 路易斯维尔穆罕默德·阿里国际机场 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr mù hǎn mò dé ā lǐ guó jì jī chǎng
Pronunciation cue: Louisville Muhammad Ali international airport
Example: In Louisville, Louisville Muhammad Ali International Airport gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔穆罕默德·阿里国际机场帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
97. SDF airport code
English meaning: The three-letter code for Louisville Muhammad Ali International Airport.
中文: SDF机场代码 · Pinyin: SDF jī chǎng dài mǎ
Pronunciation cue: S-D-F airport code
Example: In Louisville, SDF airport code gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，SDF机场代码帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
98. UPS Worldport Louisville
English meaning: The huge UPS global air-cargo hub at Louisville airport.
中文: 路易斯维尔UPS世界港 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr UPS shì jiè gǎng
Pronunciation cue: U-P-S WORLD-port Louisville
Example: In Louisville, UPS Worldport Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔UPS世界港帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
99. Louisville airport ground transport
English meaning: The taxi, rideshare, rental and bus options serving SDF.
中文: 路易斯维尔机场地面交通 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr jī chǎng dì miàn jiāo tōng
Pronunciation cue: Louisville AIR-port ground transport
Example: In Louisville, Louisville airport ground transport gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔机场地面交通帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
100. Derby-day traffic plan Louisville
English meaning: The special movement plan needed around Churchill Downs on Derby weekend.
中文: 路易斯维尔德比赛马日交通计划 · Pinyin: lù yì sī wéi ěr dé bǐ sài mǎ rì jiāo tōng jì huà
Pronunciation cue: DER-bee-day traffic plan Louisville
Example: In Louisville, Derby-day traffic plan Louisville gives us a precise way to understand this part of the city’s system.
例句: 在路易斯维尔，路易斯维尔德比赛马日交通计划帮助我们更准确地理解这座城市的这一部分。
Louisville: Derby City Is an Operating System
The Kentucky Derby Museum currently interprets more than 150 years of racing history and includes a guided Churchill Downs track visit with general admission. Use the current Derby Museum visitor information. Race vocabulary becomes useful when it explains what actually happens: paddock, post position, qualifying? No—here it is morning line, call to post, silks, starting gate and Winner’s Circle.
Bourbon City: Production Vocabulary Matters
Louisville Tourism currently describes Louisville as Bourbon City, the official starting point of the Kentucky Bourbon Trail, with more than two dozen bourbon experiences and more than a dozen distillery experiences. Explore the current Bourbon City guide.
The New TARC Network Is Already Live
The redesigned TARC network took effect on August 2, 2026, with new routes, numbers, schedules, stops, more frequent service on major corridors and a new Downtown Transfer Center. Use the current New TARC Network guide. Current adult fare is $2.25 and the 24-Hour Pass is $5 after the March 2026 fare update.
Louisville Slugger Turns Manufacturing into Vocabulary
A wooden baseball bat can be read as a production sequence: billet → lathe → model profile → cupping → branding → inspection → player specification. That is exactly the kind of travel vocabulary that moves from souvenir to mechanism.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Louisville best known for?
The Kentucky Derby and bourbon are two globally recognized identities, but the city also has major river, manufacturing, cultural and transit systems.
What is the Run for the Roses?
The famous nickname for the Kentucky Derby.
What is Bourbon City?
Louisville’s official tourism identity centered on urban bourbon distilleries, tastings and bars.
What changed with TARC in 2026?
A redesigned bus network launched August 2, 2026 with new routes, stops, schedules, frequent corridors and a new Downtown Transfer Center.
What is Louisville Slugger?
The famous baseball-bat brand whose museum and factory are in downtown Louisville.
What is a Hot Brown?
An open-faced turkey-and-bacon sandwich covered with Mornay sauce, created in Louisville.
What is SDF?
The airport code for Louisville Muhammad Ali International Airport.
How should students learn this page?
Use ten-word systems: Derby, bourbon, river engineering, bat manufacturing, transit, food and institutions.
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