Schools of Greece are organised into two compulsory years of kindergarten (νηπιαγωγείο, nipiagogeio), six years of primary school (δημοτικό, dimotiko) and three years of lower secondary school (γυμνάσιο, gymnasio). Together these form eleven years of compulsory education, normally from ages four through fifteen. Students can then continue to a three-year general upper-secondary school (GEL), a three-year vocational upper-secondary school (EPAL), an apprenticeship route or another recognised programme.
The school network also includes public and licensed private kindergartens, primary schools, experimental and model schools, music and arts schools, special education and inclusion arrangements, evening schools, reception classes for newly arrived pupils, vocational apprenticeship schools (EPAS), and postsecondary training schools (SAEK). The correct school is defined by its stage, authority, programme, language, actual support and final qualification—not just its name.
A central 2026 clarification: Greece’s discussions about a future National School-Leaving Certificate (Ethniko Apolytirio) have not abolished the Panhellenic university entrance examinations. In a February 2026 statement, the Education Ministry said current lycée pupils and third-year gymnasio pupils would not face a sudden change. For the actual 2026 cycle, the Ministry’s official examination results service lists university selection results and separate September/October candidate categories. Parents should distinguish a discussion about future reform from an examination a student must sit now.
Schools of Greece: quick-reference table
| School or programme | Ordinary scope | Critical family check |
|---|---|---|
| Nipiagogeio (kindergarten) | Compulsory ages about four and five | Entry year, place, full-day arrangements and safety |
| Dimotiko (primary school) | Six years, Classes Α΄–ΣΤ΄ | Reading, mathematics, language and transition |
| Gymnasio (lower secondary) | Three years, Classes Α΄–Γ΄ | Attendance, final apolytirio and upper-secondary route |
| Geniko Lykeio (GEL) | Three years, Classes Α΄–Γ΄ | General diploma, subject direction and Panhellenic exams |
| Epaggelmatiko Lykeio (EPAL) | Three years with professional specialty | Upper-secondary diploma and specialty award |
| EPAS apprenticeship school | Typically two years; defined eligibility | Paid apprenticeship, occupational programme and award |
| SAEK vocational training school | Postsecondary, often four semesters plus certification | Level-five qualification and prior school award |
| Model or experimental school | Approved classes and specific admission | School programme and current entry procedures |
| Music, arts or sports specialist school | Institution-specific stages | Aptitude conditions, general curriculum and diploma |
| Private school | Authorised preschool, primary or secondary | Licencing, fees, final exams and transfers |
| Special/inclusive school provision | As assessed for student needs | Accessibility, support, qualifications and placement |
Quick routes: [kindergarten](#kindergarten-two-compulsory-years) · [primary](#dimotiko-six-years-of-primary-school) · [gymnasio](#gymnasio-three-years-of-lower-secondary) · [GEL](#gel-the-general-lyceum) · [EPAL](#epal-the-vocational-lyceum) · [EPAS](#epas-paid-apprenticeship-schools) · [Panhellenic](#panhellenic-examinations-in-2026) · [2026 reform](#the-2026-national-apolytirio-discussion) · [family checklist](#how-to-compare-two-greek-schools).
Understand the eleven-year compulsory route
The ordinary path is two kindergarten years, followed by six primary years and three gymnasio years. The European Commission’s Eurydice Greece overview describes these stages and their typical age bands.
This matters when interpreting compulsory education claims. Article 16 of the Greek Constitution historically specifies a minimum nine-year obligation; subsequent compulsory kindergarten provisions mean the ordinary current sequence is eleven school years. A guide describing Greece as “nine compulsory years” without the compulsory preschool years is incomplete.
The three years of upper secondary normally come afterward. Their recognised paths differ in subjects and qualifications. Not every learner necessarily chooses a general lyceum, and completing gymnasio does not itself confer a university entrance qualification.
For international transfers, use the original Greek class name and completed school year. The letters Α΄, Β΄ and Γ΄ restart at different stages. Class Α΄ gymnasio is the first lower-secondary year, not the first year of schooling.
The Ministry, local authorities and the actual school
Greece’s Ministry of Education, Religious Affairs and Sports governs national school policy, programme standards and examination frameworks. Regional and local education directorates have important roles in enrolment, personnel and school operations.
Public primary and secondary schools follow official curricula, while approved private schools must satisfy relevant legal requirements. Specialist and vocational pathways can involve additional competent authorities or institutes.
A family deciding on kindergarten should ask about the correct local registration service. A teenager applying for EPAL needs the available school specialty and current entry process. A university applicant must use the right examination and programme selection service.
These are distinct tasks. A Ministry policy announcement cannot confirm an available seat, and a school’s sales brochure cannot award a state diploma.
Kindergarten: two compulsory years
Nipiagogeio normally accepts children in the calendar years they turn four and five. The government kindergarten registration service and official FAQ describe enrolment.
Kindergarten should develop oral Greek, stories, cooperative play, observation, movement, early numbers and self-confidence. A child may recognise written symbols without understanding the story they tell, or count to twenty without being able to compare quantities.
A useful early maths activity uses twelve counters divided into three equal groups. Four in each group teaches equality through objects, not an advanced textbook procedure.
Parents should inspect safe supervision, class routines, inclusion, access, actual full-day provision and the child’s transition into Grade Α΄ of primary school. Kindergarten is schooling with a developmental purpose, not a substitute for childcare alone.
Primary entry: the calendar-year rule
Children ordinarily enter first primary class in the calendar year they turn six, using the applicable official admissions procedure. This is not necessarily identical to another country’s rule requiring a child to have already reached six by a specific day in September.
The government first-primary enrolment guide should be consulted for the relevant year’s documents, place and process.
A child’s legal age is only one consideration in learning readiness. Some pupils arrive with strong oral language and number understanding; others need help with group routines, handwriting or academic Greek.
An overseas transfer can involve recognition of previous school years. A receiving institution should look at actual learning as well as age rather than impose a guessed grade.
Dimotiko: six years of primary school
Dimotiko is the six-year primary stage, commonly labelled Classes Α΄, Β΄, Γ΄, Δ΄, Ε΄ and ΣΤ΄. It develops Greek language, mathematics, science, environment, social learning, arts, physical education and foreign-language learning according to current grade programmes.
A strong school helps pupils progress from decoding words to understanding ideas, and from memorising multiplication tables to recognising quantitative relationships.
A child who reads a paragraph fluently but cannot identify its main point needs comprehension instruction. A pupil who gets arithmetic right in routine tasks but struggles with a word problem needs more modelling of meaning.
Parents should ask how teachers recognise these different difficulties. A thick exercise book and a good final mark do not automatically prove independence in unfamiliar tasks.
Primary Classes Α΄ and Β΄: foundational literacy
The first two primary classes establish written Greek reading and expression, number meaning, addition and subtraction, geometry and participation.
A pupil writes 17 + 8 = 115 by joining numerals. A teacher can represent seventeen as one ten and seven ones, add eight ones, regroup fifteen ones into another ten and five, and show why the result is 25.
The pupil should then solve 19 + 6 = 25 independently and explain the regrouping. A correct answer with reasoning shows stronger understanding than copying the previous solution.
In reading, the teacher distinguishes word recognition, fluency, vocabulary and comprehension. Those are related but separate skills and require targeted support.
Classes Γ΄ and Δ΄: learn to apply knowledge
Middle primary pupils encounter longer texts, multiplication, division, fractions, measurement and more systematic study of the natural and social world.
Suppose six bags contain four books each. There are 24 books. If two bags are returned, 16 books remain. A pupil answering 22 may have subtracted two individual books instead of two groups.
Draw the bags and have the pupil identify the unit. Then change the situation to five packets containing six pencils each, with one whole packet removed: 24 pencils remain.
This original teaching example is not a Greek national examination item. Its purpose is to show how feedback after a misconception can build transferable understanding.
Classes Ε΄ and ΣΤ΄: preparing for gymnasio
In the later two primary years, pupils should develop fraction and proportion reasoning, read informational passages, interpret tables and explain observations.
Consider three-quarters of 28 = 21. A learner might calculate this on a worksheet but fail a question about a water tank holding twenty-eight litres with three-quarters remaining. Divide the diagram into four groups of seven and shade three.
A different problem about 32 litres tests whether the concept transfers. The answer is 24 litres.
The family should also plan the real secondary institution, transport, school language and any support required for the move into gymnasio. Academic readiness and the official place are related but not identical.
Greek and other languages at school
Greek is the main language of ordinary general education. Foreign languages are taught through approved programmes, and there are reception and support arrangements for newly arrived pupils who do not yet know Greek well.
A learner from another education system may understand algebra or science thoroughly but need academic Greek to read the textbook and write a formal answer. A good school assesses concept knowledge and language needs separately.
The Ministry’s reception-class programme provides policy context. Availability and the child’s placement require local confirmation.
A child speaking another home language is not automatically weak in mathematics. Similarly, speaking Greek fluently does not prove that fractions are understood.
Experimental and model schools
Greece has experimental (πειραματικά) and model (πρότυπα) schools within the public framework. They can have distinctive programmes, professional development, research-related activity or admissions arrangements.
They are not automatically the same thing. A family should verify the exact school type, current intake conditions, entrance or lottery rules when applicable, and the grade range.
An innovative school must still demonstrate how students learn. A technology project is useful if pupils understand its scientific and mathematical ideas, not simply because a display is attractive.
Parents should compare curriculum, travel, peer environment and the child’s needs, rather than treat selection as a permanent measure of talent.
Gymnasio: three years of lower secondary
Gymnasio covers Classes Α΄, Β΄ and Γ΄, normally corresponding to ages around twelve through fifteen. It completes the compulsory general-school route.
Subjects become more specialised. Students work with algebra, geometry, physics, biology, history, literature and foreign languages at increasing depth.
A teenager whose primary fractions were not secure may now struggle in several subjects. The first remedy is to diagnose the missing prerequisite and teach it clearly, not assume the student lacks general ability.
Gymnasio completion leads to the appropriate apolytirio leaving certificate, distinct from later Lykeio completion and Panhellenic university entrance examinations.
A Grade Α΄ gymnasio algebra diagnostic
A learner attempts 3(x + 4) = 30 but writes 3x + 4 = 30. The correct expansion is 3x + 12 = 30, giving x = 6.
A teacher can draw three equal groups each containing x and four additional counters. The model shows why twelve, not four, must be added.
Then ask 2(x − 5) = 16, where x = 13. A pupil who can explain and check both examples has learned the distributive relationship rather than memorised one answer.
This is original learning material, not a past Panhellenic examination paper.
How gymnasio assesses and promotes learners
Gymnasio uses school-year assessment, marks, attendance and applicable examinations to determine progression and final completion.
The Eurydice assessment overview explains the general framework. Exact examination arrangements, minimum marks and exceptional cases belong to the relevant year’s official guidance.
A weak assessment result can indicate different problems: missing content, Greek academic language, incomplete task practice or interrupted attendance. A school should review actual work before assigning identical remediation to every child.
A final certificate cannot be issued by a private tutor. The school and competent authority determine completion under applicable rules.
What the gymnasio apolytirio means
The Apolytirio Gymnasiou establishes recognised lower-secondary completion. It does not automatically provide a place in a university, and it is not the same diploma as the Apolytirio Lykeiou.
This distinction is particularly important for international applications. A document may be translated simply as “leaving certificate”, but the stage and actual qualification must be preserved.
After gymnasio, students can investigate GEL, EPAL, apprenticeship or other recognised routes. Different awards and entry requirements affect what is available.
A pupil who has completed compulsory schooling still benefits from a realistic continuation plan that includes interests, subject readiness and the next qualification.
GEL: the general lyceum
Geniko Lykeio (GEL) is the normally three-year general upper-secondary school, Classes Α΄, Β΄ and Γ΄. It develops advanced academic knowledge and prepares eligible students for the final school diploma and possible higher education.
Pupils study core subjects and select areas relevant to later examination groups and university fields. A future engineering applicant needs appropriate mathematics and physics; a humanities applicant needs strong reading and analytical writing.
A school should show the actual subject offer and teacher support, not simply claim a high university entry rate.
The Ministry’s general lyceum information and official Panhellenic notices are the proper starting points for cohort-specific requirements.
EPAL: the vocational lyceum
Epaggelmatiko Lykeio (EPAL) normally offers a three-year vocational upper-secondary route. It combines general subjects with vocational education and specialist fields.
Graduates can obtain the relevant upper-secondary Apolytirio and a Level 4 specialty qualification under prescribed conditions. These are not exactly the same as a later Level 5 vocational diploma or university degree.
EPAL can include laboratory and workshop learning connected to engineering, computing, business, health or other approved areas. The actual school’s field and equipment matter.
The Ministry’s EPAL guide explains its programme. Families should check entry, subjects, qualification, workplace learning and later opportunities.
GEL and EPAL are both legitimate but distinct
The choice between GEL and EPAL should not be based on stereotypes about academic and practical pupils. Both require mathematics, communication and independent learning, while developing different subject profiles.
A student interested in engineering might pursue GEL with advanced sciences or EPAL with technology-focused learning. Which route is preferable depends on the intended course, subject prerequisites and actual academic support.
Parents should ask which university programme, apprenticeship or occupational qualification is the eventual destination. Then compare the actual award and subject preparation.
One school name cannot determine every student’s career success, and high exam scores are not a substitute for sustainable daily learning.
EPAS: paid apprenticeship schools
EPAS apprenticeships, organised through DYPA, offer a distinct vocational route for eligible young people. The current programme typically serves ages 15–29, with about two years of education and paid, insured apprenticeship under the applicable rules.
Applicants normally need to have completed at least gymnasio. This is not identical to EPAL’s three-year upper-secondary award or a postsecondary SAEK diploma.
The DYPA EPAS admission announcement describes the 2026 intake and specialties.
A family should inspect the actual school, employer placement, wages, supervision, safe equipment, duration and final vocational qualification before applying.
Workplace learning must be assessed
A legitimate apprenticeship should teach professional procedures through both school instruction and supervised practice. A learner may train in hospitality, mechanical work, electrical technology, food services or other fields.
For a measurement task, a rectangular floor measuring eight by six metres has 48 square metres of area and 28 metres of perimeter. These quantities are different and require different units.
A trainee who orders forty-eight metres of edging has confused area and boundary length. A capable teacher uses a diagram and new examples to repair the error.
Real workshop activities require qualified supervision and safety precautions. A correct arithmetic answer is not permission to handle equipment independently.
SAEK: postsecondary vocational training
SAEK (Σχολές Ανώτερης Επαγγελματικής Κατάρτισης) provide vocational programmes at a later training level. They are different from compulsory gymnasio and from ordinary EPAL upper-secondary study.
Training may include several semesters, practical learning and a final certification procedure. The EOPPEP certification authority is relevant to recognised Level 5 vocational awards.
A family should ask which prior diploma is required, what specialty and duration apply, and what certificate the student receives.
A course described as higher vocational training should not be silently translated into a bachelor’s degree or university licence.
Post-EPAL apprenticeship options
Eligible EPAL graduates can investigate post-lyceum apprenticeship programmes, which connect workplace practice with further training under recognised arrangements.
The Ministry’s 2026–2027 apprenticeship call shows that employer places and programme administration matter.
A learner should distinguish an initial Level 4 EPAL award from a later successfully certified Level 5 training outcome. They are different stages.
Families should verify the actual employer, course, insurance and completion conditions rather than assume the word apprenticeship automatically creates higher qualifications.
Panhellenic Examinations in 2026
The Panhellenic Examinations (Panelladikes) are a central route for admission to Greek higher education, with different examination arrangements for GEL and EPAL candidates and some special candidate categories.
They are not the same thing as finishing gymnasio or receiving an upper-secondary leaving certificate. A student generally needs the relevant school qualification and must also compete through the actual admission process.
The official 2026 national examination results service lists separate results, special categories and the dates those results were announced. The presence of different categories shows why one score cannot be interpreted without programme and applicant context.
A family’s practical task is to identify the intended programme, required subjects, minimum thresholds, ranking and places for the candidate’s actual year.
An applicant’s examination score is not the whole selection decision
Greek university admission can use subject performance, minimum entry thresholds (EBE), preferences and capacity, with programme-specific conditions and certain additional tests.
A student may exceed an examination threshold but still fail to obtain the preferred course because places are limited. A learner may need a different subject combination or language test for a specific programme.
The family should obtain the current official application handbook, calculate eligibility using authorised data and select realistic alternatives.
An older “points required” chart is not an admissions guarantee. The receiving university’s rules and national allocation process govern the real outcome.
The 2026 National Apolytirio discussion
Greece has discussed a future National School-Leaving Certificate (Ethniko Apolytirio) intended to give a more meaningful role to lycée education and assessment.
The Education Ministry’s February 2026 statement expressly says the Panhellenic examinations are not being immediately abolished, and that existing lycée students and third-year gymnasio students should not be surprised by a sudden change.
These are the distinctions readers need: policy consultation, later legislation, actual implementation, and a student’s current examination requirements are four separate steps.
A tutor should not sell “new national graduation-exam preparation” as a compulsory 2026 test unless a legally effective exam specification exists for the pupil’s cohort.
Public schools and licensed private schools
Greece has public schooling and legally licensed private schools. Fees, school ethos, extra activities and admission procedures can differ, but national educational standards and recognised qualifications still matter.
A private school may provide strong language learning or specialist classes; another may focus on general subjects. Its tuition does not prove better teaching, and the word “international” does not identify an awarding body.
Ask for the actual school registration, curriculum, subjects, cost schedule, examination pathway and transfer rules.
A family should compare the child’s ability to attend and learn, not merely a prestigious website or advertised examination percentage.
Music, arts and other specialist schools
Music and arts schools provide specialised education alongside required academic content, with particular aptitude and admission procedures.
A young musician or artist should receive suitable teaching and opportunities to develop skill, but their broader education and qualification also matter. A talented pupil may need support in mathematics or Greek reading even if their performance ability is excellent.
Parents should check the school’s actual class range, audition rules, specialist staff, timetable and recognized leaving certificate.
A portfolio or performance may be relevant to some later programmes, but is not automatically a substitute for every academic qualification.
Special education, ULIS equivalents and reception classes
Greece has inclusion, special education and reception classes (Τάξεις Υποδοχής) for eligible pupils, including learners newly arrived from other language backgrounds.
A child with mobility difficulties may need accessible facilities; one with reading difficulties needs explicit literacy support; another who speaks little Greek may know mathematics well but need academic-language teaching.
These are different needs and should not be treated as one generic “weak student” label.
Parents should ask what support operates in the named institution, who assesses eligibility and how progress is reviewed. A policy commitment alone cannot establish a particular school’s capacity.
The child arriving from abroad
An international pupil comes to Greece after completing a school year called Grade 6 abroad. The family assumes the child must enter Greek Class ΣΤ΄, but that may not reflect the student’s prior curriculum or age.
The receiving school should inspect authentic records and the local education authority’s rules, then assess mathematics, reading and language fairly.
A pupil may solve fractions independently in English yet struggle with Greek scientific vocabulary. A subject-language bridge may be more appropriate than repeating an entire year.
Formal placement and equivalence cannot be guaranteed by a private tutor; classroom diagnostics inform the educational support plan.
Public school access on islands and in rural areas
Athens and Thessaloniki have different school concentrations from island communities or mountain villages. A child might attend a convenient primary school but need a longer journey for an EPAL specialty or a particular arts school.
Safe travel, available transport, weather, attendance, extracurricular schedule and family costs matter.
A small school can provide meaningful personal instruction but might have fewer specialist choices. A larger school may offer more subjects yet create a more difficult commute.
The best option balances authorised curriculum, effective teaching, recognised award and real daily access.
A primary-school family case
A child in Class ΣΤ΄ is approaching gymnasio with weak reading comprehension but secure arithmetic. Parents assume the learner should receive a year of advanced mathematics tutoring.
A short diagnostic reveals that the child reads familiar text fluently but cannot identify the conclusion of a new explanatory passage. The effective intervention is supported reading, vocabulary and inference practice.
Mathematics can continue at a suitable challenge level while the teacher repairs the actual barrier.
The family also confirms the correct gymnasio enrolment route and daily journey before the term starts. School placement and skill development should be handled together.
A gymnasio graduate comparing GEL, EPAL and EPAS
A student enjoys physics and repairing equipment. General Lyceum offers academic science, EPAL offers specific technical fields and EPAS offers an apprenticeship arrangement.
The family lists each path’s qualification, years, schoolwork, practical training, employer requirements, progression and full cost.
A useful readiness task asks the pupil to calculate a 1:5 scale drawing: an actual part forty centimetres long appears eight centimetres on the drawing. They should explain why the ratio is used.
The route should fit both the student’s interests and the future institution’s requirements, not stereotypes about the word vocational.
A final-year GEL candidate planning university entry
A pupil hopes to enter a science degree. The family sees online claims that Panhellenic examinations are ending imminently.
The student should instead check the current official Panhellenic regulations and subject requirements and continue preparing for the real examination session. The national reform discussions do not remove present obligations.
Academically, the teacher should identify concepts the pupil cannot yet apply in unfamiliar contexts. Practise solving and explaining new problems, then add timed papers.
A valid study plan and an official admission result are separate things. Strong tuition cannot guarantee a place at a particular university.
A four-week transition and diagnostic plan
Week 1 — Establish the actual school stage. Record kindergarten, dimotiko, gymnasio, GEL, EPAL, EPAS or SAEK; the student’s subjects, language, documents and intended next award. Use short reading and mathematics tasks.
Week 2 — Repair the first weak prerequisite. Teach fractions, algebra, reading inference or academic Greek vocabulary according to the precise problem. Use visual explanations and clear feedback.
Week 3 — Test transfer. Change a ratio or fraction problem to an unfamiliar map, measurement or scientific situation. A pupil should explain the reasoning rather than remember a template.
Week 4 — Review the progress and verify official steps. Reassess new tasks and check actual school enrolment, examination eligibility, apprenticeship or further-study admission. A tutoring plan cannot issue a recognised diploma.
How to compare two Greek schools
Stage and authority: Is this a public or licensed private kindergarten, dimotiko, gymnasio, GEL, EPAL or specialist institution? What classes can it actually teach?
Qualifications: Which apolytirio, EPAL specialty, vocational certificate or further award does the school lead to, and what is required?
Teaching quality: Can teachers detect weak reading, maths and scientific reasoning and explain how pupils improve?
Support and daily life: How does the school handle new arrivals, disability support, transport, meals, safety and academic workload?
The next destination: What does the relevant higher or vocational programme require in subjects, examinations and documents?
These checks are more reliable than a single list of famous schools.
Common mistakes about Greek schools
“Compulsory education in modern Greece lasts only nine years.” The normal route includes two compulsory kindergarten years as well as primary and gymnasio.
“Sixième and Greek gymnasio grade names mean the same thing.” Greek and French school numbering are different.
“Finishing gymnasio automatically admits a pupil to university.” The upper-secondary qualification and selection route remain separate.
“GEL and EPAL issue precisely identical awards.” EPAL has an additional specialisation and distinct vocational progression.
“EPAS and SAEK are the same institution.” They have different stage, admissions and award arrangements.
“The Panhellenic exams were abolished in 2026.” The Ministry stated explicitly that the current exams continue.
“A prestigious private school automatically gives a foreign diploma.” Verify the real awarding body.
“Every student who passes the threshold receives their first-choice university course.” Places, preferences and ranking still matter.
Frequently asked questions
How many years of kindergarten are compulsory?
How long is Greek primary school?
How long is gymnasio?
What does apolytirio mean?
What are GEL and EPAL?
What is EPAS?
What is SAEK?
Are Panhellenic exams still used in 2026?
Can private schools offer recognised education?
How should a family choose between general and vocational study?
Continue the world schools series
Read Understanding the Education System of Greece for deeper examination and university pathways. Compare Schools of Croatia, Schools of Bulgaria and Schools of Cyprus. The eduKate education hub and the Clementi teaching standard offer practical methods for diagnosing foundational problems and teaching them effectively.
Official and institutional sources
– Eurydice: Greece education system — compulsory stages and school types. – Greek Constitution, Article 16 — constitutional education provisions. – Official Kindergarten Admissions — entry and enrolment. – Official Primary Admissions — age and documentation. – Eurydice: Gymnasio assessment — school marking and promotion. – Greek Ministry: EPAL Vocational Lyceum — vocational secondary. – DYPA EPAS Apprenticeship Schools — 2026 vocational intake example. – EOPPEP SAEK Vocational Certification — qualification assessment. – Greek Ministry: National Apolytirio discussion, February 2026 — no immediate change to Panhellenic exams. – Official 2026 Panhellenic Results — dated admission outcomes. – Greek Ministry: New Arrival Reception Classes — language support. – eduKateSG Greece education-system companion — broader national structure.
Reviewed 13 November 2026. Compulsory kindergarten and basic schooling are separated from optional upper secondary; school apolytirio from Panhellenic selection; and policy debate from enacted examination changes. The original examples are instructional illustrations, not national examination papers. The featured media is an imagined Greek school environment, not a photograph of a named campus.