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Project Type: How Countries Work
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How Lesotho Works | Why Does Lesotho Send Water to South Africa? Katse, Mohale and Polihali Explained
Why does Lesotho transfer water to South Africa? Follow the Lesotho Highlands Water Project through Katse, Mohale, Polihali, hydropower and water royalties.
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How Lebanon Works | Why Are Power Cuts Common? EDL, Generators and Solar Power Explained
Why is electricity unreliable in Lebanon? Understand EDL, diesel generators, solar batteries, the cost of power cuts, World Bank reforms and 2026 proposals.
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How Latvia Works | Why Did Latvia Disconnect from Russia’s Electricity Grid? Baltic Power Explained
Why did Latvia disconnect from Russia’s grid in 2025? Learn how Baltic electricity synchronisation, AST, batteries, imports and household power work.
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How Madagascar Works | Why Is Madagascar Famous for Vanilla? Farming, Curing and Global Trade
Follow Madagascar vanilla from climbing orchids and hand pollination to curing, export markets, farmer livelihoods and the land behind the crop.
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How Maldives Works | Where Does Drinking Water Come From? Rainwater and Desalination Explained
Maldives drinking water explained: rainwater harvesting, desalination, island storage, groundwater protection and the people keeping water supplies reliable.
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How Luxembourg Works | Is Public Transport Free for Everyone? Buses, Trams and Trains Explained
Luxembourg’s domestic buses, trams and second-class trains are free for residents and visitors. Understand first class, cross-border exceptions, 2026 ticket changes and how to plan a complete journey.
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How Laos Works | How Does the China–Laos Railway Connect a Landlocked Country?
Follow the China–Laos Railway from stations and dry ports to farms, tourism and trade. Understand the connections, costs and evidence behind a landlocked country’s railway.
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How Oman Works | Sultanate, Ports, Water and Vision 2040
How does Oman work? Understand the Sultanate, elected Shura Council, ports at Sohar, Salalah and Duqm, aflaj, desalination and Vision 2040.
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How Norway Works | Government, Oil Fund, Hydropower and Public Services
How does Norway work? Understand the Storting, oil fund, fiscal rule, hydropower, EEA membership, coastal transport, schools and public services.
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How North Macedonia Works | Government, EU Status, Transport and Lake Ohrid
How does North Macedonia work? Understand its government, EU candidacy, NATO membership, denar, transport corridors, Lake Ohrid and public services.
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How Nigeria Works | 36 States, Government, Electricity and Trade
How does Nigeria work? Understand 36 states, Abuja, the National Assembly, electricity supply, Lagos ports, farming, payments and public services.
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How Niger Works | Transition Government, Oil, Uranium and Agriculture
How does Niger work in 2026? Understand Tiani’s transition, 194-member Consultative Council, ECOWAS withdrawal, oil pipeline, uranium, farming and electricity.
How Countries Work is eduKateSG’s world-facing civilisation and systems-thinking library, a sibling of How Singapore Works. Each country guide explains a real question readers ask about institutions, government, cities, transport, energy, public services, environment, economy and everyday life. Country-by-country overviews act as entry hubs to detailed eduKateSG education, culture, language, geography, infrastructure and learning articles. Read the answer first, follow a real-world example, then use the linked official sources and related articles to understand the system more deeply. Countries are compared respectfully: geography, history, institutions and choices differ, so no country is judged against one borrowed template. Visit the companion Singapore case-study archive at https://edukatesg.com/project-type/how-singapore-works-civilisation/.
Start with the master A–Z directory of 195 countries, including published systems guides and related country, culture and education articles: https://edukatesg.com/how-countries-work-a-to-z/