If you are searching for how to translate government agency names, how to translate ministries and departments, or how to preserve the identity of public bodies across languages, the central problem is institutional equivalence. Words such as ministry, department, bureau, authority, commission, office, service and agency can describe very different legal structures in different countries.
Public-body translation matters in government websites, legislation, immigration documents, public-service forms, news, diplomacy, procurement, research, education and international cooperation. A polished translation can still be wrong if it turns an independent regulator into a ministry, makes a local office sound national, or replaces an official institutional name with the name of a superficially similar body in the target country.
This guide gives a practical method for translating ministries, government agencies, regulators, commissions, authorities and public institutions without changing legal identity or hierarchy. It explains how to find official multilingual names, when to keep source acronyms, how to handle bodies with no exact target-system equivalent, and how to distinguish translation from institutional substitution.
Why public-body names are not generic labels
A public institution has both a name and a place in a system. The name may indicate its function, but the same institutional label can carry different constitutional or legal meanings across jurisdictions. Translation must therefore preserve identity before seeking familiarity.
Official bilingual or multilingual naming is the strongest evidence. Many governments, international organisations and public bodies publish authorised English or other-language names. Those forms should normally take priority over a translator’s improvised literal version.
When no official target name exists, the translator should preserve the source institution as a proper entity. A transparent descriptive translation can explain the body’s function, but it should not imply that the body is identical to a target-country institution with similar responsibilities.
Acronyms deserve separate treatment. An acronym may remain in the source language even when the full name is translated, or an organisation may publish an official translated acronym. Consistency and discoverability matter because readers often search by both full name and short form.
A reliable translation method
1. Confirm the exact legal entity
Identify the organisation precisely before translating. Similar names may belong to different levels of government or different public bodies.
2. Search for an official multilingual name
Use the institution’s own website, legislation, treaties or formal publications when available. Official names should normally override literal invention.
3. Identify the institutional type
Determine whether the body is a ministry, department, regulator, statutory authority, commission, bureau, office, service, council or another form. Preserve that distinction.
4. Map jurisdiction and hierarchy
Ask whether the body is national, regional, provincial, municipal or local, and which ministry or authority it reports to. Jurisdiction is part of meaning.
5. Treat acronyms as identifiers
Do not automatically translate or recreate acronyms. Follow official usage and introduce the full target name plus source acronym where that best supports recognition.
6. Avoid target-country substitution
Do not replace a foreign institution with a target-country analogue simply because their functions overlap. Translation should name the source body, not localise its legal existence away.
7. Use descriptive glosses when necessary
If the institutional type has no natural equivalent, retain the official name and add a brief description of its function instead of forcing a misleading category.
8. Audit references across the document
Check the full name, short name, acronym, parent body and subordinate offices for consistent treatment throughout the translation.
Twenty recurring public-institution translation problems
1. Ministry
This problem appears when the body is a cabinet-level or central-government institution. A source name such as Ministry of Transport may encode legal identity, constitutional position, jurisdiction, organisational level and policy function. A literal translation can sound plausible while turning a ministry into an agency, a regulator into a department, or an independent authority into an ordinary office.
Use the official target-language name if published; otherwise preserve the ministry status rather than downgrading it to a department. The translator should first determine whether an official target-language name already exists. If it does, use that form consistently. If it does not, preserve the institutional type and function without pretending the target reader’s government has an exact equivalent. In high-stakes contexts, retaining the source-language name alongside a descriptive translation can be safer than over-localising it.
For quality assurance, confirm its position in the national government structure. Then compare the translated body name with its acronym, parent ministry, subordinate offices and legal references. Institutional translations often fail through inconsistency: one page says Authority, another says Agency, while a third keeps the source acronym. A reader may then assume three different organisations exist.
2. Department
This problem appears when department can mean a ministry-level body in one system and an internal unit in another. A source name such as Department of Education may encode legal identity, constitutional position, jurisdiction, organisational level and policy function. A literal translation can sound plausible while turning a ministry into an agency, a regulator into a department, or an independent authority into an ordinary office.
Preserve the source system’s level and avoid assuming department always means subdivision. The translator should first determine whether an official target-language name already exists. If it does, use that form consistently. If it does not, preserve the institutional type and function without pretending the target reader’s government has an exact equivalent. In high-stakes contexts, retaining the source-language name alongside a descriptive translation can be safer than over-localising it.
For quality assurance, check whether the department has its own minister, secretary or statutory mandate. Then compare the translated body name with its acronym, parent ministry, subordinate offices and legal references. Institutional translations often fail through inconsistency: one page says Authority, another says Agency, while a third keeps the source acronym. A reader may then assume three different organisations exist.
3. Agency
This problem appears when the body performs executive or administrative functions. A source name such as Environmental Protection Agency may encode legal identity, constitutional position, jurisdiction, organisational level and policy function. A literal translation can sound plausible while turning a ministry into an agency, a regulator into a department, or an independent authority into an ordinary office.
Use agency only if that reflects the source institution; do not use it as a catch-all for every public body. The translator should first determine whether an official target-language name already exists. If it does, use that form consistently. If it does not, preserve the institutional type and function without pretending the target reader’s government has an exact equivalent. In high-stakes contexts, retaining the source-language name alongside a descriptive translation can be safer than over-localising it.
For quality assurance, check legal founding documents or official self-description. Then compare the translated body name with its acronym, parent ministry, subordinate offices and legal references. Institutional translations often fail through inconsistency: one page says Authority, another says Agency, while a third keeps the source acronym. A reader may then assume three different organisations exist.
4. Authority
This problem appears when the body may have regulatory, licensing or statutory powers. A source name such as Port Authority may encode legal identity, constitutional position, jurisdiction, organisational level and policy function. A literal translation can sound plausible while turning a ministry into an agency, a regulator into a department, or an independent authority into an ordinary office.
Preserve the authority status and avoid weakening it to office or bureau if regulatory powers matter. The translator should first determine whether an official target-language name already exists. If it does, use that form consistently. If it does not, preserve the institutional type and function without pretending the target reader’s government has an exact equivalent. In high-stakes contexts, retaining the source-language name alongside a descriptive translation can be safer than over-localising it.
For quality assurance, check whether the body licenses, regulates or operates services. Then compare the translated body name with its acronym, parent ministry, subordinate offices and legal references. Institutional translations often fail through inconsistency: one page says Authority, another says Agency, while a third keeps the source acronym. A reader may then assume three different organisations exist.
5. Commission
This problem appears when the institution may be independent, advisory, electoral, regulatory or investigative. A source name such as Electoral Commission may encode legal identity, constitutional position, jurisdiction, organisational level and policy function. A literal translation can sound plausible while turning a ministry into an agency, a regulator into a department, or an independent authority into an ordinary office.
Retain the commission form and its exact function. The translator should first determine whether an official target-language name already exists. If it does, use that form consistently. If it does not, preserve the institutional type and function without pretending the target reader’s government has an exact equivalent. In high-stakes contexts, retaining the source-language name alongside a descriptive translation can be safer than over-localising it.
For quality assurance, verify whether it is permanent, independent and legally constituted. Then compare the translated body name with its acronym, parent ministry, subordinate offices and legal references. Institutional translations often fail through inconsistency: one page says Authority, another says Agency, while a third keeps the source acronym. A reader may then assume three different organisations exist.
6. Council
This problem appears when the body may be deliberative, advisory, municipal or professional. A source name such as National Arts Council may encode legal identity, constitutional position, jurisdiction, organisational level and policy function. A literal translation can sound plausible while turning a ministry into an agency, a regulator into a department, or an independent authority into an ordinary office.
Use the official or structurally appropriate equivalent without assuming elected municipal government. The translator should first determine whether an official target-language name already exists. If it does, use that form consistently. If it does not, preserve the institutional type and function without pretending the target reader’s government has an exact equivalent. In high-stakes contexts, retaining the source-language name alongside a descriptive translation can be safer than over-localising it.
For quality assurance, check membership, legal basis and jurisdiction. Then compare the translated body name with its acronym, parent ministry, subordinate offices and legal references. Institutional translations often fail through inconsistency: one page says Authority, another says Agency, while a third keeps the source acronym. A reader may then assume three different organisations exist.
7. Bureau
This problem appears when the term can denote a specialised administrative office or law-enforcement body. A source name such as Statistics Bureau may encode legal identity, constitutional position, jurisdiction, organisational level and policy function. A literal translation can sound plausible while turning a ministry into an agency, a regulator into a department, or an independent authority into an ordinary office.
Preserve its organisational level and specialist function. The translator should first determine whether an official target-language name already exists. If it does, use that form consistently. If it does not, preserve the institutional type and function without pretending the target reader’s government has an exact equivalent. In high-stakes contexts, retaining the source-language name alongside a descriptive translation can be safer than over-localising it.
For quality assurance, compare with the parent institution and official English usage if any. Then compare the translated body name with its acronym, parent ministry, subordinate offices and legal references. Institutional translations often fail through inconsistency: one page says Authority, another says Agency, while a third keeps the source acronym. A reader may then assume three different organisations exist.
8. Office
This problem appears when office may name a small administrative unit or a major public institution. A source name such as Office of the Auditor-General may encode legal identity, constitutional position, jurisdiction, organisational level and policy function. A literal translation can sound plausible while turning a ministry into an agency, a regulator into a department, or an independent authority into an ordinary office.
Treat the full proper name as the primary unit; do not reduce significance because office sounds small in the target language. The translator should first determine whether an official target-language name already exists. If it does, use that form consistently. If it does not, preserve the institutional type and function without pretending the target reader’s government has an exact equivalent. In high-stakes contexts, retaining the source-language name alongside a descriptive translation can be safer than over-localising it.
For quality assurance, check constitutional or statutory role. Then compare the translated body name with its acronym, parent ministry, subordinate offices and legal references. Institutional translations often fail through inconsistency: one page says Authority, another says Agency, while a third keeps the source acronym. A reader may then assume three different organisations exist.
9. Service
This problem appears when service can describe an operational public institution. A source name such as Meteorological Service may encode legal identity, constitutional position, jurisdiction, organisational level and policy function. A literal translation can sound plausible while turning a ministry into an agency, a regulator into a department, or an independent authority into an ordinary office.
Use established public-sector terminology rather than translating service as generic customer service. The translator should first determine whether an official target-language name already exists. If it does, use that form consistently. If it does not, preserve the institutional type and function without pretending the target reader’s government has an exact equivalent. In high-stakes contexts, retaining the source-language name alongside a descriptive translation can be safer than over-localising it.
For quality assurance, check whether it is an agency, department or operational branch. Then compare the translated body name with its acronym, parent ministry, subordinate offices and legal references. Institutional translations often fail through inconsistency: one page says Authority, another says Agency, while a third keeps the source acronym. A reader may then assume three different organisations exist.
10. Secretariat
This problem appears when the body supports a council, treaty organisation or commission. A source name such as Secretariat of the Commission may encode legal identity, constitutional position, jurisdiction, organisational level and policy function. A literal translation can sound plausible while turning a ministry into an agency, a regulator into a department, or an independent authority into an ordinary office.
Preserve administrative support function and relationship to the parent body. The translator should first determine whether an official target-language name already exists. If it does, use that form consistently. If it does not, preserve the institutional type and function without pretending the target reader’s government has an exact equivalent. In high-stakes contexts, retaining the source-language name alongside a descriptive translation can be safer than over-localising it.
For quality assurance, avoid promoting the secretariat into an independent authority. Then compare the translated body name with its acronym, parent ministry, subordinate offices and legal references. Institutional translations often fail through inconsistency: one page says Authority, another says Agency, while a third keeps the source acronym. A reader may then assume three different organisations exist.
11. Inspectorate
This problem appears when the institution performs inspection and enforcement. A source name such as Labour Inspectorate may encode legal identity, constitutional position, jurisdiction, organisational level and policy function. A literal translation can sound plausible while turning a ministry into an agency, a regulator into a department, or an independent authority into an ordinary office.
Use a target term that preserves inspection mandate and public authority. The translator should first determine whether an official target-language name already exists. If it does, use that form consistently. If it does not, preserve the institutional type and function without pretending the target reader’s government has an exact equivalent. In high-stakes contexts, retaining the source-language name alongside a descriptive translation can be safer than over-localising it.
For quality assurance, check enforcement powers and subject domain. Then compare the translated body name with its acronym, parent ministry, subordinate offices and legal references. Institutional translations often fail through inconsistency: one page says Authority, another says Agency, while a third keeps the source acronym. A reader may then assume three different organisations exist.
12. Regulator
This problem appears when the body oversees a market, profession or sector. A source name such as Energy Regulator may encode legal identity, constitutional position, jurisdiction, organisational level and policy function. A literal translation can sound plausible while turning a ministry into an agency, a regulator into a department, or an independent authority into an ordinary office.
Preserve regulatory independence and sector scope. The translator should first determine whether an official target-language name already exists. If it does, use that form consistently. If it does not, preserve the institutional type and function without pretending the target reader’s government has an exact equivalent. In high-stakes contexts, retaining the source-language name alongside a descriptive translation can be safer than over-localising it.
For quality assurance, do not translate it as operator or ministry if the source separates those roles. Then compare the translated body name with its acronym, parent ministry, subordinate offices and legal references. Institutional translations often fail through inconsistency: one page says Authority, another says Agency, while a third keeps the source acronym. A reader may then assume three different organisations exist.
13. Municipal body
This problem appears when the institution operates at city or local-government level. A source name such as City Planning Department may encode legal identity, constitutional position, jurisdiction, organisational level and policy function. A literal translation can sound plausible while turning a ministry into an agency, a regulator into a department, or an independent authority into an ordinary office.
Preserve municipal jurisdiction and avoid making it sound national. The translator should first determine whether an official target-language name already exists. If it does, use that form consistently. If it does not, preserve the institutional type and function without pretending the target reader’s government has an exact equivalent. In high-stakes contexts, retaining the source-language name alongside a descriptive translation can be safer than over-localising it.
For quality assurance, check the geographic level named in the source. Then compare the translated body name with its acronym, parent ministry, subordinate offices and legal references. Institutional translations often fail through inconsistency: one page says Authority, another says Agency, while a third keeps the source acronym. A reader may then assume three different organisations exist.
14. Regional authority
This problem appears when the body governs or coordinates a subnational region. A source name such as Regional Development Authority may encode legal identity, constitutional position, jurisdiction, organisational level and policy function. A literal translation can sound plausible while turning a ministry into an agency, a regulator into a department, or an independent authority into an ordinary office.
Keep the regional level explicit. The translator should first determine whether an official target-language name already exists. If it does, use that form consistently. If it does not, preserve the institutional type and function without pretending the target reader’s government has an exact equivalent. In high-stakes contexts, retaining the source-language name alongside a descriptive translation can be safer than over-localising it.
For quality assurance, verify whether region, province, state or prefecture has a specific official target term. Then compare the translated body name with its acronym, parent ministry, subordinate offices and legal references. Institutional translations often fail through inconsistency: one page says Authority, another says Agency, while a third keeps the source acronym. A reader may then assume three different organisations exist.
15. Independent oversight body
This problem appears when the institution monitors government or public administration. A source name such as Ombudsman Office may encode legal identity, constitutional position, jurisdiction, organisational level and policy function. A literal translation can sound plausible while turning a ministry into an agency, a regulator into a department, or an independent authority into an ordinary office.
Preserve independence and oversight function, using established institutional terminology. The translator should first determine whether an official target-language name already exists. If it does, use that form consistently. If it does not, preserve the institutional type and function without pretending the target reader’s government has an exact equivalent. In high-stakes contexts, retaining the source-language name alongside a descriptive translation can be safer than over-localising it.
For quality assurance, check whether it reports to parliament, executive government or another body. Then compare the translated body name with its acronym, parent ministry, subordinate offices and legal references. Institutional translations often fail through inconsistency: one page says Authority, another says Agency, while a third keeps the source acronym. A reader may then assume three different organisations exist.
16. Statistical office
This problem appears when the body produces official statistics. A source name such as National Statistics Office may encode legal identity, constitutional position, jurisdiction, organisational level and policy function. A literal translation can sound plausible while turning a ministry into an agency, a regulator into a department, or an independent authority into an ordinary office.
Use the official name and preserve its national/public-statistics status. The translator should first determine whether an official target-language name already exists. If it does, use that form consistently. If it does not, preserve the institutional type and function without pretending the target reader’s government has an exact equivalent. In high-stakes contexts, retaining the source-language name alongside a descriptive translation can be safer than over-localising it.
For quality assurance, distinguish it from private research organisations. Then compare the translated body name with its acronym, parent ministry, subordinate offices and legal references. Institutional translations often fail through inconsistency: one page says Authority, another says Agency, while a third keeps the source acronym. A reader may then assume three different organisations exist.
17. Public corporation
This problem appears when a state-owned or statutory corporation provides services. A source name such as Public Utilities Corporation may encode legal identity, constitutional position, jurisdiction, organisational level and policy function. A literal translation can sound plausible while turning a ministry into an agency, a regulator into a department, or an independent authority into an ordinary office.
Preserve the corporate/public status rather than translating it as a ministry. The translator should first determine whether an official target-language name already exists. If it does, use that form consistently. If it does not, preserve the institutional type and function without pretending the target reader’s government has an exact equivalent. In high-stakes contexts, retaining the source-language name alongside a descriptive translation can be safer than over-localising it.
For quality assurance, check legal personality and ownership. Then compare the translated body name with its acronym, parent ministry, subordinate offices and legal references. Institutional translations often fail through inconsistency: one page says Authority, another says Agency, while a third keeps the source acronym. A reader may then assume three different organisations exist.
18. Task force
This problem appears when the body is temporary or issue-specific. A source name such as National Cybersecurity Task Force may encode legal identity, constitutional position, jurisdiction, organisational level and policy function. A literal translation can sound plausible while turning a ministry into an agency, a regulator into a department, or an independent authority into an ordinary office.
Keep the temporary or coordinating character; do not imply a permanent agency. The translator should first determine whether an official target-language name already exists. If it does, use that form consistently. If it does not, preserve the institutional type and function without pretending the target reader’s government has an exact equivalent. In high-stakes contexts, retaining the source-language name alongside a descriptive translation can be safer than over-localising it.
For quality assurance, check mandate duration and parent institution. Then compare the translated body name with its acronym, parent ministry, subordinate offices and legal references. Institutional translations often fail through inconsistency: one page says Authority, another says Agency, while a third keeps the source acronym. A reader may then assume three different organisations exist.
19. Interagency body
This problem appears when several institutions jointly form a committee or coordinating group. A source name such as Interagency Coordination Committee may encode legal identity, constitutional position, jurisdiction, organisational level and policy function. A literal translation can sound plausible while turning a ministry into an agency, a regulator into a department, or an independent authority into an ordinary office.
Preserve multi-agency composition and coordination function. The translator should first determine whether an official target-language name already exists. If it does, use that form consistently. If it does not, preserve the institutional type and function without pretending the target reader’s government has an exact equivalent. In high-stakes contexts, retaining the source-language name alongside a descriptive translation can be safer than over-localising it.
For quality assurance, avoid translating it as a single department. Then compare the translated body name with its acronym, parent ministry, subordinate offices and legal references. Institutional translations often fail through inconsistency: one page says Authority, another says Agency, while a third keeps the source acronym. A reader may then assume three different organisations exist.
20. Institution with no exact analogue
This problem appears when the public body combines powers unfamiliar to the target system. A source name such as a statutory board with regulatory and service functions may encode legal identity, constitutional position, jurisdiction, organisational level and policy function. A literal translation can sound plausible while turning a ministry into an agency, a regulator into a department, or an independent authority into an ordinary office.
Retain the official name or transliteration and add a concise functional gloss rather than substituting a target-country institution. The translator should first determine whether an official target-language name already exists. If it does, use that form consistently. If it does not, preserve the institutional type and function without pretending the target reader’s government has an exact equivalent. In high-stakes contexts, retaining the source-language name alongside a descriptive translation can be safer than over-localising it.
For quality assurance, state what the body does without claiming institutional equivalence that does not exist. Then compare the translated body name with its acronym, parent ministry, subordinate offices and legal references. Institutional translations often fail through inconsistency: one page says Authority, another says Agency, while a third keeps the source acronym. A reader may then assume three different organisations exist.
Common failure modes
1. Replacing the source body with a target-country analogue
Similar function does not equal same institution. Translation should preserve the source entity’s identity.
2. Using agency as a universal label
Ministries, commissions, authorities, councils and offices can have distinct legal status. Do not flatten them.
3. Ignoring jurisdiction
A local department should not become a national ministry in translation. Geographic level is part of the name.
4. Inventing acronyms
A neat target acronym can create a name the institution never uses. Follow official short forms.
5. Translating an acronym but not the full name consistently
Readers may assume two bodies exist. Keep full and short forms linked.
6. Over-literalising official names
An authorised target-language name may differ from a word-for-word translation. Official usage should normally win.
7. Ignoring legal independence
Regulators and oversight bodies can be institutionally separate from ministries. Preserve that relationship.
8. Changing institutional type midway
Authority on one page and agency on another creates false organisational distinctions. Maintain one validated form.
Worked practice
Practice 1: An official bilingual ministry
Situation: The ministry publishes its own English name.
Reasoning: Use the official target-language name consistently and keep the source acronym only if the institution does.
Practice 2: A department in a foreign system
Situation: The department is actually a top-level government body.
Reasoning: Preserve its official status rather than translating department as a minor internal unit.
Practice 3: An independent regulator
Situation: The body regulates telecommunications and is not part of a ministry.
Reasoning: Keep regulator/authority status and avoid wording that suggests direct ministerial control.
Practice 4: A municipal office
Situation: The institution belongs to one city.
Reasoning: Make local jurisdiction visible so readers do not infer national authority.
Practice 5: An acronym with no translated short form
Situation: The source acronym is widely used internationally.
Reasoning: Translate the full name if useful, keep the source acronym as the identifier, and explain it on first mention.
Practice 6: A statutory body with unusual powers
Situation: No exact target-country analogue exists.
Reasoning: Retain the official name and give a short function-based description instead of substituting a misleading local institution.
Practice 7: A temporary task force
Situation: The body was created for one emergency response.
Reasoning: Keep task-force or temporary status; do not translate it as a permanent agency.
Practice 8: An interagency committee
Situation: Several ministries participate.
Reasoning: Preserve the coordinating and multi-institutional nature rather than presenting it as a single department.
Official sources, legal records and AI
The institution’s own website, founding law, official gazette, treaty text or formal bilingual publication is the strongest naming source. Search engines can help locate these, but institutional self-identification should normally control.
Organisational charts clarify whether a body is independent, subordinate, national or local. They are especially useful when ministry, department, authority and office labels do not map neatly into the target language.
AI can propose institutional translations but may replace unfamiliar structures with familiar ones. Ask it to describe the body’s legal type, parent organisation and powers first, then verify against official sources.
How this fits the wider eduKate translation system
Institutional names combine proper-name handling, terminology, hierarchy and legal context. The broader method is developed in Master Art of Translation | The Complete System for Moving Meaning Between Languages. Vocabulary depth connects to the Vocabulary Learning Hub, while noun phrases, apposition and reference connect to How English Works. The additional requirement here is institutional identity: the target reader must be able to tell exactly which public body the source means and what kind of body it is.
FAQ
Should ministry and department always be translated literally?
No. Preserve the source institution’s actual status and use official target-language names where available.
Can I replace a foreign agency with the name of a similar target-country body?
No. Similar function does not make them the same institution.
What if an official English name exists?
Use it unless the project has a specific reason not to. Official naming usually takes priority over literal invention.
Should acronyms be translated?
Only if the institution officially uses a target-language acronym. Otherwise retain the established source acronym and link it to the translated full name.
How do I translate a public body with no exact equivalent?
Retain the official name and add a concise functional description rather than forcing a false institutional match.
Why does jurisdiction matter?
Because national, regional and municipal bodies may have similar names but very different authority.
How should regulators be handled?
Preserve regulatory status and independence rather than translating them as service operators or ministries.
What about historical government bodies?
Preserve period-specific names and structures; avoid modernising them into present-day institutions.
Can AI safely translate government agency names?
It can assist, but official names, legal status and acronyms should be checked against authoritative sources.
What is the simplest rule for public-body names?
Identify the exact institution first; translate the name second.
Final checklist
- Have I identified the exact legal entity?
- Is there an official target-language name?
- What institutional type is it?
- What jurisdictional level does it operate at?
- Is it independent or subordinate to another body?
- Have I preserved the correct acronym or short form?
- Did I avoid substituting a target-country analogue?
- If no exact equivalent exists, have I used a transparent descriptive strategy?
- Are parent and subordinate bodies translated consistently?
- Can the target reader search for and identify the same real institution?
Government and public-body names are not ordinary nouns. They are identifiers embedded in legal and organisational systems. Translate them successfully by confirming the entity, finding official multilingual usage, preserving institutional type and jurisdiction, treating acronyms as identifiers, and resisting false analogies with the target country’s institutions. The result should let a reader understand the body and still find the same real organisation behind the translated name.