Top 100 Vocabulary for Visiting and Touring EU | Lyon is an English–Chinese travel vocabulary guide for silk weaving, printing, shared passageways and traditional restaurant food. Every numbered entry has a pronunciation guide, simplified Chinese, Mandarin pinyin, a plain-English meaning and a practical example.
Ready to look a little closer at Lyon? This list gives you words for textiles and dining, rather than repeating the same travel list used for every city. Learn a handful before you go, then let a real object, conversation or view help the meaning stick. English-speaking readers can use the definitions to sharpen their descriptions; Chinese-speaking readers can use the translations as a bridge into English.
Lyon is in France, an EU member state. English is a helpful shared language for many visitor conversations, while local names and signs also use French. Keep original place spellings on your map. This is an English–Chinese learning guide. Save local-language phrases separately when you need them, and check which languages a visitor service offers.
城市：Lyon /liːˈɒn/ — 里昂 (Lǐ áng). Currency: euros (EUR). “Top 100” is our teaching selection, not an official word-frequency ranking. The numbered list contains exactly 100 English entries; place names introduced later are extra cultural references.
Pronunciation: slashes show an IPA guide, with ˈ marking primary stress and ˌ secondary stress. British and American English forms may differ. Local food and cultural names may use local-style pronunciation. Pinyin reads the Mandarin meaning; it is not an English sound substitution. Check a dictionary or local recording, then practise the whole example sentence.
Choose your starting point: the four banks divide the 100 entries into manageable groups of 25. Open a ten-word index below to jump directly to a lesson. These examples are learning scenarios, not promises about a venue’s services or current visitor rules.
1–25: Silk fibres, looms and fabrics · 26–50: Workers, traboules and archaeology · 51–75: Printing and Lyonnais cooking · 76–100: Dining, passages and city context · Places and history · Conversations · Learning practice · Worked examples and self-check
1–10: filament to weaver
11–20: brocade to fabric sample
21–30: dye bath to collective
31–40: traboule to resting place
41–50: Roman theatre to aqueduct
51–60: printing press to typography
61–70: bouchon to braised
71–80: reduction to leisurely
81–90: passageway to printing
Lyon vocabulary bank 1: words 1–25
Begin with filament and continue to mechanised. Use the table for a quick meaning check, then read the example lessons beneath it. You do not need to use every word in one conversation.
| No. | Word or expression | Pronunciation (IPA) | 简体中文 | Mandarin pinyin |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | filament | /ˈfɪləmənt/ | 丝状纤维 | sī zhuàng xiān wéi |
| 2 | silkworm | /ˈsɪlkwərm/ | 蚕 | cán |
| 3 | cocoon | /kəˈkun/ | 蚕茧 | cán jiǎn |
| 4 | warp | /wɔrp/ | 经线 | jīng xiàn |
| 5 | weft | /weft/ | 纬线 | wěi xiàn |
| 6 | bobbin | /ˈbɑbən/ | 线轴 | xiàn zhóu |
| 7 | shuttle | /ˈʃətəl/ | 梭子 | suō zi |
| 8 | punch card | /pənʧ kɑrd/ | 打孔卡 | dǎ kǒng kǎ |
| 9 | Jacquard loom | /ˈdʒækɑːrd luːm/ | 提花织机 | tí huā zhī jī |
| 10 | weaver | /ˈwivər/ | 织工 | zhī gōng |
| 11 | brocade | /broʊˈkeɪd/ | 织锦 | zhī jǐn |
| 12 | satin | /ˈsætən/ | 缎子 | duàn zi |
| 13 | velvet | /ˈvɛlvət/ | 天鹅绒 | tiān é róng |
| 14 | damask | /ˈdæməsk/ | 锦缎 | jǐn duàn |
| 15 | pattern repeat | /ˈpætərn rɪˈpit/ | 循环花纹 | xún huán huā wén |
| 16 | texture | /ˈtɛksʧər/ | 质感 | zhì gǎn |
| 17 | selvedge | /ˈselvɪdʒ/ | 布边 | bù biān |
| 18 | fray | /freɪ/ | 磨散 | mó sàn |
| 19 | thread count | /θrɛd kaʊnt/ | 织物密度 | zhī wù mì dù |
| 20 | fabric sample | /ˈfæbrɪk ˈsæmpəl/ | 布样 | bù yàng |
| 21 | dye bath | /daɪ bæθ/ | 染浴 | rǎn yù |
| 22 | colourfast | /ˈkələrˌfæst/ | 不易褪色的 | bù yì tuì shǎi de |
| 23 | handwoven | /ˈhænˈwoʊvən/ | 手织的 | shǒu zhī de |
| 24 | power loom | /paʊər lum/ | 动力织机 | dòng lì zhī jī |
| 25 | mechanised | /ˈmɛkəˌnaɪzd/ | 机械化的 | jī xiè huà de |
Use these words in clear sentences
1. filament
Meaning: a fine thread-like strand. 中文：丝状纤维 (sī zhuàng xiān wéi).
Say it: “The display shows a silk filament.”
Use it well: A filament is a single thin strand. In silk production, many filaments may be combined into thread, so filament and thread are not interchangeable.
2. silkworm
Meaning: the insect producing silk cocoons. 中文：蚕 (cán).
Say it: “The diagram shows a silkworm.”
Use it well: Silkworm refers to the larval stage of the silk moth used in sericulture. It is an animal, not the silk fibre itself.
3. cocoon
Meaning: a protective case spun by a larva. 中文：蚕茧 (cán jiǎn).
Say it: “How is silk taken from the cocoon?”
Use it well: A cocoon is the protective case spun by the silkworm. Silk filament is reeled from cocoons; the cocoon and finished fabric are different stages.
4. warp
Meaning: threads held lengthwise on a loom. 中文：经线 (jīng xiàn).
Say it: “Which threads form the warp?”
Use it well: Warp threads run lengthwise under tension on a loom. Keep them distinct from weft threads, which pass across them.
5. weft
Meaning: threads woven across the warp. 中文：纬线 (wěi xiàn).
Say it: “The weft passes from side to side.”
Use it well: Weft threads pass across the warp during weaving. The two directions work together to form woven fabric.
6. bobbin
Meaning: a spool holding thread. 中文：线轴 (xiàn zhóu).
Say it: “The bobbin supplies the thread.”
Use it well: A bobbin is a small spool or reel for holding thread or yarn. It is a component in textile work, not the weaving action itself.
7. shuttle
Meaning: a tool carrying weft through warp. 中文：梭子 (suō zi).
Say it: “The shuttle moves across the loom.”
Use it well: A shuttle carries weft thread across the warp on many looms. Modern looms may use other insertion systems, so do not assume every loom has one.
8. punch card
Meaning: a card encoding instructions through holes. 中文：打孔卡 (dǎ kǒng kǎ).
Say it: “How does the punch card control the loom?”
Use it well: A punch card encodes information through holes. In Jacquard weaving it controlled pattern selection; it is a historical information system, not a modern computer card reader.
9. Jacquard loom
Meaning: a loom controlling individual warp threads. 中文：提花织机 (tí huā zhī jī).
Say it: “The Jacquard loom produces complex patterns.”
Use it well: A Jacquard loom uses a programmable pattern-control mechanism historically associated with punched cards. Jacquard describes the control system or patterned weaving, not every loom.
10. weaver
Meaning: someone making cloth on a loom. 中文：织工 (zhī gōng).
Say it: “The weaver demonstrated the mechanism.”
Use it well: Use “weaver” for someone making cloth on a loom. In Lyon’s silk context, separate fibre, tool, weave structure and production process so one textile word does not stand in for the whole system.
11. brocade
Meaning: fabric with raised woven designs. 中文：织锦 (zhī jǐn).
Say it: “The brocade has a rich texture.”
Use it well: Brocade is a richly decorative woven fabric with raised or supplementary patterning. It differs from printed decoration applied after weaving.
12. satin
Meaning: fabric with a smooth glossy surface. 中文：缎子 (duàn zi).
Say it: “Is this cloth satin?”
Use it well: Satin describes a weave structure or fabric with a smooth lustrous surface. It is not a fibre type; satin can be made from different materials.
13. velvet
Meaning: fabric with a dense soft pile. 中文：天鹅绒 (tiān é róng).
Say it: “The velvet feels soft.”
Use it well: Velvet is a pile fabric with a soft raised surface. It describes fabric construction, not simply any soft textile.
14. damask
Meaning: reversible fabric with woven patterns. 中文：锦缎 (jǐn duàn).
Say it: “Can you show me the damask pattern?”
Use it well: Damask is a reversible patterned woven fabric traditionally made through weave structure. The pattern is woven in rather than printed on the surface.
15. pattern repeat
Meaning: a design recurring at regular intervals. 中文：循环花纹 (xún huán huā wén).
Say it: “Where does the pattern repeat begin?”
Use it well: Use “pattern repeat” for a design recurring at regular intervals. In Lyon’s silk context, separate fibre, tool, weave structure and production process so one textile word does not stand in for the whole system.
16. texture
Meaning: the surface character of a material. 中文：质感 (zhì gǎn).
Say it: “May I feel the texture sample?”
Use it well: Use “texture” for the surface character of a material. In Lyon’s silk context, separate fibre, tool, weave structure and production process so one textile word does not stand in for the whole system.
17. selvedge
Meaning: the finished edge of woven cloth. 中文：布边 (bù biān).
Say it: “The selvedge prevents fraying.”
Use it well: Use “selvedge” for the finished edge of woven cloth. In Lyon’s silk context, separate fibre, tool, weave structure and production process so one textile word does not stand in for the whole system.
18. fray
Meaning: to unravel at an edge. 中文：磨散 (mó sàn).
Say it: “Will this fabric fray?”
Use it well: Use “fray” for to unravel at an edge. In Lyon’s silk context, separate fibre, tool, weave structure and production process so one textile word does not stand in for the whole system.
19. thread count
Meaning: the number of threads in a measured area. 中文：织物密度 (zhī wù mì dù).
Say it: “What does thread count tell us?”
Use it well: Use “thread count” for the number of threads in a measured area. In Lyon’s silk context, separate fibre, tool, weave structure and production process so one textile word does not stand in for the whole system.
20. fabric sample
Meaning: a small piece for examining material. 中文：布样 (bù yàng).
Say it: “May I see a fabric sample?”
Use it well: Use “fabric sample” for a small piece for examining material. In Lyon’s silk context, separate fibre, tool, weave structure and production process so one textile word does not stand in for the whole system.
21. dye bath
Meaning: liquid used to colour fibres. 中文：染浴 (rǎn yù).
Say it: “The silk enters a dye bath.”
Use it well: Use “dye bath” for liquid used to colour fibres. In Lyon’s silk context, separate fibre, tool, weave structure and production process so one textile word does not stand in for the whole system.
22. colourfast
Meaning: resisting colour loss. 中文：不易褪色的 (bù yì tuì shǎi de).
Say it: “Is this scarf colourfast?”
Use it well: Use “colourfast” for resisting colour loss. In Lyon’s silk context, separate fibre, tool, weave structure and production process so one textile word does not stand in for the whole system.
23. handwoven
Meaning: woven by hand. 中文：手织的 (shǒu zhī de).
Say it: “Is this fabric handwoven?”
Use it well: Use “handwoven” for woven by hand. In Lyon’s silk context, separate fibre, tool, weave structure and production process so one textile word does not stand in for the whole system.
24. power loom
Meaning: a mechanically powered loom. 中文：动力织机 (dòng lì zhī jī).
Say it: “When did the power loom become common?”
Use it well: Use “power loom” for a mechanically powered loom. In Lyon’s silk context, separate fibre, tool, weave structure and production process so one textile word does not stand in for the whole system.
25. mechanised
Meaning: operated with machinery. 中文：机械化的 (jī xiè huà de).
Say it: “The exhibit explains mechanised production.”
Use it well: Use “mechanised” for operated with machinery. In Lyon’s silk context, separate fibre, tool, weave structure and production process so one textile word does not stand in for the whole system.
Lyon vocabulary bank 2: words 26–50
Begin with labour and continue to aqueduct. Use the table for a quick meaning check, then read the example lessons beneath it. You do not need to use every word in one conversation.
| No. | Word or expression | Pronunciation (IPA) | 简体中文 | Mandarin pinyin |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 26 | labour | /ˈleɪbər/ | 劳动 | láo dòng |
| 27 | workers’ rights | /ˈwərkərz’ raɪts/ | 工人权利 | gōng rén quán lì |
| 28 | industrialisation | /ˌɪnˌdəstriəlɪˈzeɪʃən/ | 工业化 | gōng yè huà |
| 29 | workforce | /ˈwərkˌfɔrs/ | 劳动人口 | láo dòng rén kǒu |
| 30 | collective | /kəˈlɛktɪv/ | 集体的 | jí tǐ de |
| 31 | traboule | /tʁabul/ | 里昂穿楼通道 | lǐ áng chuān lóu tōng dào |
| 32 | through passage | /θru ˈpæsɪʤ/ | 穿行通道 | chuān xíng tōng dào |
| 33 | shared entrance | /ʃɛrd ˈɛntrəns/ | 共用入口 | gòng yòng rù kǒu |
| 34 | residents | /ˈrɛzɪdənts/ | 居民 | jū mín |
| 35 | quietly | /kˈwaɪətli/ | 轻声地 | qīng shēng dì |
| 36 | restricted access | /riˈstrɪktɪd ˈækˌsɛs/ | 限制进入 | xiàn zhì jìn rù |
| 37 | opening notice | /ˈoʊpənɪŋ ˈnoʊtɪs/ | 开放告示 | kāi fàng gào shì |
| 38 | inner courtyard | /ˈɪnər ˈkɔrˌtjɑrd/ | 内院 | nèi yuàn |
| 39 | stair tower | /stɛr taʊər/ | 楼梯塔 | lóu tī tǎ |
| 40 | resting place | /ˈrɛstɪŋ pleɪs/ | 休息处 | xiū xī chù |
| 41 | Roman theatre | /ˈroʊmən ˈθiətər/ | 罗马剧场 | luó mǎ jù chǎng |
| 42 | amphitheatre | /ˈæmfəθiˈeɪtər/ | 圆形竞技场 | yuán xíng jìng jì chǎng |
| 43 | archaeology | /ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤi/ | 考古学 | kǎo gǔ xué |
| 44 | archaeologist | /ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪst/ | 考古学家 | kǎo gǔ xué jiā |
| 45 | stratum | /ˈstrætəm/ | 地层 | dì céng |
| 46 | artefact | /ˈɑrtəˌfækt/ | 出土文物 | chū tǔ wén wù |
| 47 | dating | /ˈdeɪtɪŋ/ | 年代测定 | nián dài cè dìng |
| 48 | inscribed stone | /ˌɪnˈskraɪbd stoʊn/ | 铭刻石 | míng kè shí |
| 49 | Latin | /ˈlætən/ | 拉丁语 | lā dīng yǔ |
| 50 | aqueduct | /ˈækwəˌdəkt/ | 引水渠 | yǐn shuǐ qú |
Use these words in clear sentences
26. labour
Meaning: work undertaken by people. 中文：劳动 (láo dòng).
Say it: “The panel discusses textile labour.”
Use it well: Use “labour” for work undertaken by people. In labour, passageway and archaeology contexts, attach the term to the correct people, layer, structure or historical source rather than generalising from appearance.
27. workers’ rights
Meaning: protections and entitlements of workers. 中文：工人权利 (gōng rén quán lì).
Say it: “The exhibition explores workers’ rights.”
Use it well: Use “workers’ rights” for protections and entitlements of workers. In labour, passageway and archaeology contexts, attach the term to the correct people, layer, structure or historical source rather than generalising from appearance.
28. industrialisation
Meaning: growth of machine-based production. 中文：工业化 (gōng yè huà).
Say it: “How did industrialisation change weaving?”
Use it well: Use “industrialisation” for growth of machine-based production. In labour, passageway and archaeology contexts, attach the term to the correct people, layer, structure or historical source rather than generalising from appearance.
29. workforce
Meaning: people working in an organisation or sector. 中文：劳动人口 (láo dòng rén kǒu).
Say it: “The textile workforce was highly skilled.”
Use it well: Use “workforce” for people working in an organisation or sector. In labour, passageway and archaeology contexts, attach the term to the correct people, layer, structure or historical source rather than generalising from appearance.
30. collective
Meaning: involving people acting together. 中文：集体的 (jí tǐ de).
Say it: “The account describes collective action.”
Use it well: Use “collective” for involving people acting together. In labour, passageway and archaeology contexts, attach the term to the correct people, layer, structure or historical source rather than generalising from appearance.
31. traboule
Meaning: a passage through buildings associated with Lyon. 中文：里昂穿楼通道 (lǐ áng chuān lóu tōng dào).
Say it: “Is this traboule open to visitors?”
Use it well: A traboule is a passage through buildings or courtyards associated especially with Lyon. Treat access as current and local; not every historical passage is open to visitors.
32. through passage
Meaning: a route passing through a building. 中文：穿行通道 (chuān xíng tōng dào).
Say it: “May we use the through passage?”
Use it well: Use “through passage” for a route passing through a building. In labour, passageway and archaeology contexts, attach the term to the correct people, layer, structure or historical source rather than generalising from appearance.
33. shared entrance
Meaning: a doorway used by several occupants. 中文：共用入口 (gòng yòng rù kǒu).
Say it: “Please keep the shared entrance clear.”
Use it well: Use “shared entrance” for a doorway used by several occupants. In labour, passageway and archaeology contexts, attach the term to the correct people, layer, structure or historical source rather than generalising from appearance.
34. residents
Meaning: people living in a place. 中文：居民 (jū mín).
Say it: “Respect the residents’ privacy.”
Use it well: Use “residents” for people living in a place. In labour, passageway and archaeology contexts, attach the term to the correct people, layer, structure or historical source rather than generalising from appearance.
35. quietly
Meaning: with little noise. 中文：轻声地 (qīng shēng dì).
Say it: “Please walk quietly through the courtyard.”
Use it well: Use “quietly” for with little noise. In labour, passageway and archaeology contexts, attach the term to the correct people, layer, structure or historical source rather than generalising from appearance.
36. restricted access
Meaning: entry limited by rules. 中文：限制进入 (xiàn zhì jìn rù).
Say it: “This sign says restricted access.”
Use it well: Use “restricted access” for entry limited by rules. In labour, passageway and archaeology contexts, attach the term to the correct people, layer, structure or historical source rather than generalising from appearance.
37. opening notice
Meaning: information about permitted visiting hours. 中文：开放告示 (kāi fàng gào shì).
Say it: “Check the opening notice first.”
Use it well: Use “opening notice” for information about permitted visiting hours. In labour, passageway and archaeology contexts, attach the term to the correct people, layer, structure or historical source rather than generalising from appearance.
38. inner courtyard
Meaning: a courtyard within a building group. 中文：内院 (nèi yuàn).
Say it: “The inner courtyard is beautiful.”
Use it well: Use “inner courtyard” for a courtyard within a building group. In labour, passageway and archaeology contexts, attach the term to the correct people, layer, structure or historical source rather than generalising from appearance.
39. stair tower
Meaning: a tower containing a staircase. 中文：楼梯塔 (lóu tī tǎ).
Say it: “The stair tower stands in the corner.”
Use it well: Use “stair tower” for a tower containing a staircase. In labour, passageway and archaeology contexts, attach the term to the correct people, layer, structure or historical source rather than generalising from appearance.
40. resting place
Meaning: a spot for pausing. 中文：休息处 (xiū xī chù).
Say it: “Is there a resting place nearby?”
Use it well: Use “resting place” for a spot for pausing. In labour, passageway and archaeology contexts, attach the term to the correct people, layer, structure or historical source rather than generalising from appearance.
41. Roman theatre
Meaning: a performance venue from Roman times. 中文：罗马剧场 (luó mǎ jù chǎng).
Say it: “How was the Roman theatre used?”
Use it well: A Roman theatre is an ancient performance structure designed for staged entertainment. It is different from an amphitheatre, which has a different plan and use.
42. amphitheatre
Meaning: a venue with seating around an arena. 中文：圆形竞技场 (yuán xíng jìng jì chǎng).
Say it: “Is this an amphitheatre or a theatre?”
Use it well: An amphitheatre is an oval or circular arena surrounded by seating. Do not use it as a synonym for a semicircular Roman theatre.
43. archaeology
Meaning: study of the past through material remains. 中文：考古学 (kǎo gǔ xué).
Say it: “The museum introduces local archaeology.”
Use it well: Use “archaeology” for study of the past through material remains. In labour, passageway and archaeology contexts, attach the term to the correct people, layer, structure or historical source rather than generalising from appearance.
44. archaeologist
Meaning: a researcher studying material remains. 中文：考古学家 (kǎo gǔ xué jiā).
Say it: “The archaeologist recorded each layer.”
Use it well: Use “archaeologist” for a researcher studying material remains. In labour, passageway and archaeology contexts, attach the term to the correct people, layer, structure or historical source rather than generalising from appearance.
45. stratum
Meaning: a distinct layer of deposited material. 中文：地层 (dì céng).
Say it: “Which stratum contained this object?”
Use it well: A stratum is a distinct layer in archaeology or geology. One layer does not automatically correspond neatly to one historical event.
46. artefact
Meaning: an object made or altered by people. 中文：出土文物 (chū tǔ wén wù).
Say it: “Where was this artefact found?”
Use it well: An artefact is an object made or modified by people. Its date and use require archaeological context, not appearance alone.
47. dating
Meaning: estimating an object’s age. 中文：年代测定 (nián dài cè dìng).
Say it: “How was the dating carried out?”
Use it well: Dating in archaeology means estimating or establishing age. It can use relative or absolute methods; the term does not imply one single technique.
48. inscribed stone
Meaning: a stone bearing written marks. 中文：铭刻石 (míng kè shí).
Say it: “Can you translate the inscribed stone?”
Use it well: Use “inscribed stone” for a stone bearing written marks. In labour, passageway and archaeology contexts, attach the term to the correct people, layer, structure or historical source rather than generalising from appearance.
49. Latin
Meaning: the language of ancient Rome. 中文：拉丁语 (lā dīng yǔ).
Say it: “Is the inscription in Latin?”
Use it well: Use “Latin” for the language of ancient Rome. In labour, passageway and archaeology contexts, attach the term to the correct people, layer, structure or historical source rather than generalising from appearance.
50. aqueduct
Meaning: a structure carrying water. 中文：引水渠 (yǐn shuǐ qú).
Say it: “The model shows an aqueduct.”
Use it well: An aqueduct is a system for conveying water, not just the visible arches that may support part of it.
Lyon vocabulary bank 3: words 51–75
Begin with printing press and continue to prix fixe. Use the table for a quick meaning check, then read the example lessons beneath it. You do not need to use every word in one conversation.
| No. | Word or expression | Pronunciation (IPA) | 简体中文 | Mandarin pinyin |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 51 | printing press | /ˈprɪnɪŋ prɛs/ | 印刷机 | yìn shuā jī |
| 52 | movable type | /ˈmuvəbəl taɪp/ | 活字 | huó zì |
| 53 | typeface | /ˈtaɪpˌfeɪs/ | 字体 | zì tǐ |
| 54 | letterpress | /ˈlɛtərˌprɛs/ | 凸版印刷 | tū bǎn yìn shuā |
| 55 | ink | /ɪŋk/ | 油墨 | yóu mò |
| 56 | proof | /pruf/ | 校样 | jiào yàng |
| 57 | page layout | /peɪʤ leɪaʊt/ | 页面布局 | yè miàn bù jú |
| 58 | binding | /ˈbaɪndɪŋ/ | 装订 | zhuāng dìng |
| 59 | folio | /ˈfoʊlioʊ/ | 对折书页 | duì zhé shū yè |
| 60 | typography | /təˈpɑgrəfi/ | 排印设计 | pái yìn shè jì |
| 61 | bouchon | /buʃɔ̃/ | 里昂传统餐馆 | lǐ áng chuán tǒng cān guǎn |
| 62 | quenelle | /kəˈnel/ | 法式椭圆丸子 | fǎ shì tuǒ yuán wán zi |
| 63 | sauce base | /sɔs beɪs/ | 酱汁底料 | jiàng zhī dǐ liào |
| 64 | roux | /ru/ | 油炒面糊 | yóu chǎo miàn hù |
| 65 | gratin | /ˈɡrætən/ | 焗烤菜 | jú kǎo cài |
| 66 | entrails | /ˈɛntrəlz/ | 内脏 | nèi zàng |
| 67 | tripe | /traɪp/ | 牛肚 | niú dǔ |
| 68 | sausage casing | /ˈsɔsɪʤ ˈkeɪsɪŋ/ | 香肠肠衣 | xiāng cháng cháng yī |
| 69 | poached | /poʊʧt/ | 水煮的 | shuǐ zhǔ de |
| 70 | braised | /breɪzd/ | 炖焖的 | dùn mèn de |
| 71 | reduction | /rɪˈdəkʃən/ | 浓缩汁 | nóng suō zhī |
| 72 | carafe | /kəˈræf/ | 玻璃水壶 | bō lí shuǐ hú |
| 73 | house wine | /haʊs waɪn/ | 店酒 | diàn jiǔ |
| 74 | daily special | /ˈdeɪli ˈspɛʃəl/ | 今日特餐 | jīn rì tè cān |
| 75 | prix fixe | /ˌpriː ˈfɪks/ | 固定价格套餐 | gù dìng jià gé tào cān |
Use these words in clear sentences
51. printing press
Meaning: a machine transferring ink to a surface. 中文：印刷机 (yìn shuā jī).
Say it: “May we see the printing press?”
Use it well: Use “printing press” for a machine transferring ink to a surface. For printing and Lyonnais food, keep method, object, ingredient and menu format distinct, and preserve the local name where it carries useful cultural meaning.
52. movable type
Meaning: individual reusable printing characters. 中文：活字 (huó zì).
Say it: “How was movable type arranged?”
Use it well: Movable type consists of reusable individual characters used in printing. It differs from carving an entire page or image on one block.
53. typeface
Meaning: a designed set of letter forms. 中文：字体 (zì tǐ).
Say it: “Which typeface is used here?”
Use it well: Use “typeface” for a designed set of letter forms. For printing and Lyonnais food, keep method, object, ingredient and menu format distinct, and preserve the local name where it carries useful cultural meaning.
54. letterpress
Meaning: printing from raised inked surfaces. 中文：凸版印刷 (tū bǎn yìn shuā).
Say it: “The demonstration explains letterpress.”
Use it well: Letterpress printing uses raised inked surfaces pressed onto paper. It describes a printing method, not a typeface.
55. ink
Meaning: a liquid or paste for marking surfaces. 中文：油墨 (yóu mò).
Say it: “The printer applies ink evenly.”
Use it well: Use “ink” for a liquid or paste for marking surfaces. For printing and Lyonnais food, keep method, object, ingredient and menu format distinct, and preserve the local name where it carries useful cultural meaning.
56. proof
Meaning: a trial print checked before production. 中文：校样 (jiào yàng).
Say it: “The editor corrected the proof.”
Use it well: Use “proof” for a trial print checked before production. For printing and Lyonnais food, keep method, object, ingredient and menu format distinct, and preserve the local name where it carries useful cultural meaning.
57. page layout
Meaning: the arrangement of material on a page. 中文：页面布局 (yè miàn bù jú).
Say it: “The page layout guides the reader.”
Use it well: Use “page layout” for the arrangement of material on a page. For printing and Lyonnais food, keep method, object, ingredient and menu format distinct, and preserve the local name where it carries useful cultural meaning.
58. binding
Meaning: joining a book’s pages and cover. 中文：装订 (zhuāng dìng).
Say it: “The binding is still intact.”
Use it well: Use “binding” for joining a book’s pages and cover. For printing and Lyonnais food, keep method, object, ingredient and menu format distinct, and preserve the local name where it carries useful cultural meaning.
59. folio
Meaning: a folded sheet or numbered book leaf. 中文：对折书页 (duì zhé shū yè).
Say it: “The curator showed a single folio.”
Use it well: Folio can refer to a leaf in a manuscript or book, and in bibliography to a format. Use the surrounding context to show which sense you mean.
60. typography
Meaning: the arrangement and design of printed type. 中文：排印设计 (pái yìn shè jì).
Say it: “The exhibition explores typography.”
Use it well: Typography is the design and arrangement of type. It concerns visual organisation of text, not the content of the words themselves.
61. bouchon
Meaning: a traditional Lyon-style restaurant. 中文：里昂传统餐馆 (lǐ áng chuán tǒng cān guǎn).
Say it: “Can you recommend a bouchon?”
Use it well: A bouchon is a traditional Lyonnais restaurant type associated with local cuisine. Keep the local name and check the menu rather than translating it as a generic bistro.
62. quenelle
Meaning: a shaped dumpling-like preparation. 中文：法式椭圆丸子 (fǎ shì tuǒ yuán wán zi).
Say it: “What is this quenelle made from?”
Use it well: A quenelle is a shaped dumpling-like preparation associated with French cuisine and Lyon. Keep the dish name and ask what it is made from in that restaurant.
63. sauce base
Meaning: the underlying mixture of a sauce. 中文：酱汁底料 (jiàng zhī dǐ liào).
Say it: “Does the sauce base contain shellfish?”
Use it well: Use “sauce base” for the underlying mixture of a sauce. For printing and Lyonnais food, keep method, object, ingredient and menu format distinct, and preserve the local name where it carries useful cultural meaning.
64. roux
Meaning: flour cooked with fat to thicken sauces. 中文：油炒面糊 (yóu chǎo miàn hù).
Say it: “Is the sauce thickened with roux?”
Use it well: A roux is a cooked mixture of fat and flour used to thicken sauces. It is a technique or base, not the finished sauce.
65. gratin
Meaning: a dish browned on top. 中文：焗烤菜 (jú kǎo cài).
Say it: “The gratin has a crisp topping.”
Use it well: Use “gratin” for a dish browned on top. For printing and Lyonnais food, keep method, object, ingredient and menu format distinct, and preserve the local name where it carries useful cultural meaning.
66. entrails
Meaning: internal organs used in some cooking. 中文：内脏 (nèi zàng).
Say it: “Does this dish include entrails?”
Use it well: Use “entrails” for internal organs used in some cooking. For printing and Lyonnais food, keep method, object, ingredient and menu format distinct, and preserve the local name where it carries useful cultural meaning.
67. tripe
Meaning: edible stomach lining. 中文：牛肚 (niú dǔ).
Say it: “How is the tripe prepared?”
Use it well: Use “tripe” for edible stomach lining. For printing and Lyonnais food, keep method, object, ingredient and menu format distinct, and preserve the local name where it carries useful cultural meaning.
68. sausage casing
Meaning: the covering holding sausage filling. 中文：香肠肠衣 (xiāng cháng cháng yī).
Say it: “Is the sausage casing natural?”
Use it well: Use “sausage casing” for the covering holding sausage filling. For printing and Lyonnais food, keep method, object, ingredient and menu format distinct, and preserve the local name where it carries useful cultural meaning.
69. poached
Meaning: cooked gently in liquid. 中文：水煮的 (shuǐ zhǔ de).
Say it: “The fish is poached.”
Use it well: Use “poached” for cooked gently in liquid. For printing and Lyonnais food, keep method, object, ingredient and menu format distinct, and preserve the local name where it carries useful cultural meaning.
70. braised
Meaning: cooked slowly with a little liquid. 中文：炖焖的 (dùn mèn de).
Say it: “The meat is braised.”
Use it well: Use “braised” for cooked slowly with a little liquid. For printing and Lyonnais food, keep method, object, ingredient and menu format distinct, and preserve the local name where it carries useful cultural meaning.
71. reduction
Meaning: a liquid thickened by simmering. 中文：浓缩汁 (nóng suō zhī).
Say it: “The sauce uses a wine reduction.”
Use it well: A reduction is a liquid concentrated by simmering or boiling away water. It describes a process and result, not simply any thick sauce.
72. carafe
Meaning: a vessel for serving water or wine. 中文：玻璃水壶 (bō lí shuǐ hú).
Say it: “May we have a carafe of water?”
Use it well: Use “carafe” for a vessel for serving water or wine. For printing and Lyonnais food, keep method, object, ingredient and menu format distinct, and preserve the local name where it carries useful cultural meaning.
73. house wine
Meaning: a restaurant’s standard wine offering. 中文：店酒 (diàn jiǔ).
Say it: “What is the house wine?”
Use it well: Use “house wine” for a restaurant’s standard wine offering. For printing and Lyonnais food, keep method, object, ingredient and menu format distinct, and preserve the local name where it carries useful cultural meaning.
74. daily special
Meaning: a dish offered for that day. 中文：今日特餐 (jīn rì tè cān).
Say it: “What is today’s daily special?”
Use it well: Use “daily special” for a dish offered for that day. For printing and Lyonnais food, keep method, object, ingredient and menu format distinct, and preserve the local name where it carries useful cultural meaning.
75. prix fixe
Meaning: a meal sold at a set price. 中文：固定价格套餐 (gù dìng jià gé tào cān).
Say it: “What does the prix fixe include?”
Use it well: Prix fixe means a fixed-price menu with specified courses or choices. It is different from ordering everything à la carte.
Lyon vocabulary bank 4: words 76–100
Begin with cheese board and continue to praline. Use the table for a quick meaning check, then read the example lessons beneath it. You do not need to use every word in one conversation.
| No. | Word or expression | Pronunciation (IPA) | 简体中文 | Mandarin pinyin |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 76 | cheese board | /ʧiz bɔrd/ | 奶酪拼盘 | nǎi lào pīn pán |
| 77 | ripened | /ˈraɪpənd/ | 熟成的 | shú chéng de |
| 78 | walnut | /ˈwɔlˌnət/ | 核桃 | hé táo |
| 79 | compote | /ˈkɑmpoʊt/ | 糖煮水果 | táng zhǔ shuǐ guǒ |
| 80 | leisurely | /ˈlizərli/ | 悠闲的 | yōu xián de |
| 81 | passageway | /ˈpæsɪdʒweɪ/ | 通道 | tōng dào |
| 82 | private property | /ˌpraɪvət ˈprɒpəti/ | 私人地产 | sī rén dì chǎn |
| 83 | residential | /ˌrezɪˈdenʃəl/ | 住宅用途的 | zhù zhái yòng tú de |
| 84 | silk | /sɪlk/ | 丝绸 | sī chóu |
| 85 | weaving | /ˈwiːvɪŋ/ | 织造 | zhī zào |
| 86 | loom | /luːm/ | 织机 | zhī jī |
| 87 | thread | /θred/ | 线 | xiàn |
| 88 | textile | /ˈtekstaɪl/ | 纺织品 | fǎng zhī pǐn |
| 89 | workshop | /ˈwɜːkʃɒp/ | 工坊 | gōng fáng |
| 90 | printing | /ˈprɪntɪŋ/ | 印制 | yìn zhì |
| 91 | hilltop | /ˈhɪltɒp/ | 山丘顶部 | shān qiū dǐng bù |
| 92 | basilica | /bəˈsɪlɪkə/ | 宗座圣殿或巴西利卡式建筑 | zōng zuò shèng diàn huò bā xī lì kǎ shì jiàn zhù |
| 93 | confluence | /ˈkɒnfluəns/ | 河流汇合处 | hé liú huì hé chù |
| 94 | peninsula | /pəˈnɪnsjələ/ | 半岛 | bàn dǎo |
| 95 | local cuisine | /ˌləʊkəl kwɪˈziːn/ | 当地菜系 | dāng dì cài xì |
| 96 | set menu | /ˌset ˈmenjuː/ | 套餐菜单 | tào cān cài dān |
| 97 | course | /kɔːs/ | 一道餐序 | yī dào cān xù |
| 98 | speciality | /ˌspeʃiˈæləti/ | 特色菜 | tè sè cài |
| 99 | offal | /ˈɒfəl/ | 食用动物内脏 | shí yòng dòng wù nèi zàng |
| 100 | praline | /ˈprɑːliːn/ | 果仁糖 | guǒ rén táng |
Use these words in clear sentences
76. cheese board
Meaning: a selection of cheeses served together. 中文：奶酪拼盘 (nǎi lào pīn pán).
Say it: “Can we share a cheese board?”
Use it well: Use “cheese board” for a selection of cheeses served together. For printing and Lyonnais food, keep method, object, ingredient and menu format distinct, and preserve the local name where it carries useful cultural meaning.
77. ripened
Meaning: allowed to mature. 中文：熟成的 (shú chéng de).
Say it: “How long is this cheese ripened?”
Use it well: Use “ripened” for allowed to mature. For printing and Lyonnais food, keep method, object, ingredient and menu format distinct, and preserve the local name where it carries useful cultural meaning.
78. walnut
Meaning: an edible nut with a ridged shell. 中文：核桃 (hé táo).
Say it: “Does the dessert contain walnut?”
Use it well: Use “walnut” for an edible nut with a ridged shell. For printing and Lyonnais food, keep method, object, ingredient and menu format distinct, and preserve the local name where it carries useful cultural meaning.
79. compote
Meaning: fruit cooked in a sweet liquid. 中文：糖煮水果 (táng zhǔ shuǐ guǒ).
Say it: “Which fruit is used in this compote?”
Use it well: Use “compote” for fruit cooked in a sweet liquid. For printing and Lyonnais food, keep method, object, ingredient and menu format distinct, and preserve the local name where it carries useful cultural meaning.
80. leisurely
Meaning: unhurried and relaxed. 中文：悠闲的 (yōu xián de).
Say it: “We enjoyed a leisurely lunch.”
Use it well: Use “leisurely” for unhurried and relaxed. For printing and Lyonnais food, keep method, object, ingredient and menu format distinct, and preserve the local name where it carries useful cultural meaning.
81. passageway
Meaning: a route through or between buildings. 中文：通道 (tōng dào).
Say it: “The guide explained a traboule as a passageway.”
Use it well: Use “passageway” for a route through or between buildings. Connect this Lyon-specific review word to a named place, historical system, workshop or dish so it remains part of a meaningful explanation.
82. private property
Meaning: land or buildings owned privately. 中文：私人地产 (sī rén dì chǎn).
Say it: “Is this courtyard private property?”
Use it well: Use “private property” for land or buildings owned privately. Connect this Lyon-specific review word to a named place, historical system, workshop or dish so it remains part of a meaningful explanation.
83. residential
Meaning: used mainly as a place where people live. 中文：住宅用途的 (zhù zhái yòng tú de).
Say it: “The passage leads through a residential building.”
Use it well: Use “residential” for used mainly as a place where people live. Connect this Lyon-specific review word to a named place, historical system, workshop or dish so it remains part of a meaningful explanation.
84. silk
Meaning: a textile fibre produced by silkworms and the cloth made from it. 中文：丝绸 (sī chóu).
Say it: “We learned about Lyon’s silk history.”
Use it well: Use “silk” for a textile fibre produced by silkworms and the cloth made from it. Connect this Lyon-specific review word to a named place, historical system, workshop or dish so it remains part of a meaningful explanation.
85. weaving
Meaning: making fabric by interlacing threads. 中文：织造 (zhī zào).
Say it: “The demonstration helped us understand weaving.”
Use it well: Use “weaving” for making fabric by interlacing threads. Connect this Lyon-specific review word to a named place, historical system, workshop or dish so it remains part of a meaningful explanation.
86. loom
Meaning: a machine or frame used for weaving. 中文：织机 (zhī jī).
Say it: “The guide showed how the loom organises the threads.”
Use it well: Use “loom” for a machine or frame used for weaving. Connect this Lyon-specific review word to a named place, historical system, workshop or dish so it remains part of a meaningful explanation.
87. thread
Meaning: a thin strand used in sewing or weaving. 中文：线 (xiàn).
Say it: “We followed one thread through the demonstration.”
Use it well: Use “thread” for a thin strand used in sewing or weaving. Connect this Lyon-specific review word to a named place, historical system, workshop or dish so it remains part of a meaningful explanation.
88. textile
Meaning: cloth or another material made from fibres. 中文：纺织品 (fǎng zhī pǐn).
Say it: “The museum connected textile work with the city’s economy.”
Use it well: Use “textile” for cloth or another material made from fibres. Connect this Lyon-specific review word to a named place, historical system, workshop or dish so it remains part of a meaningful explanation.
89. workshop
Meaning: a place where things are made or repaired in this context. 中文：工坊 (gōng fáng).
Say it: “We visited a silk-printing workshop.”
Use it well: Use “workshop” for a place where things are made or repaired in this context. Connect this Lyon-specific review word to a named place, historical system, workshop or dish so it remains part of a meaningful explanation.
90. printing
Meaning: applying a repeated image or pattern to a surface. 中文：印制 (yìn zhì).
Say it: “We asked how printing adds the design to the silk.”
Use it well: Use “printing” for applying a repeated image or pattern to a surface. Connect this Lyon-specific review word to a named place, historical system, workshop or dish so it remains part of a meaningful explanation.
91. hilltop
Meaning: the upper part of a hill. 中文：山丘顶部 (shān qiū dǐng bù).
Say it: “We checked the route to the hilltop before leaving.”
Use it well: Use “hilltop” for the upper part of a hill. Connect this Lyon-specific review word to a named place, historical system, workshop or dish so it remains part of a meaningful explanation.
92. basilica
Meaning: a term for a particular architectural form or a church with a designated status. 中文：宗座圣殿或巴西利卡式建筑 (zōng zuò shèng diàn huò bā xī lì kǎ shì jiàn zhù).
Say it: “We checked visitor information for the basilica at Fourvière.”
Use it well: Use “basilica” for a term for a particular architectural form or a church with a designated status. Connect this Lyon-specific review word to a named place, historical system, workshop or dish so it remains part of a meaningful explanation.
93. confluence
Meaning: the place where two rivers join. 中文：河流汇合处 (hé liú huì hé chù).
Say it: “The confluence connects our map of the Rhône and Saône.”
Use it well: Use “confluence” for the place where two rivers join. Connect this Lyon-specific review word to a named place, historical system, workshop or dish so it remains part of a meaningful explanation.
94. peninsula
Meaning: land almost surrounded by water and connected to a larger land area. 中文：半岛 (bàn dǎo).
Say it: “Presqu’île helped us discuss the peninsula between the rivers.”
Use it well: Use “peninsula” for land almost surrounded by water and connected to a larger land area. Connect this Lyon-specific review word to a named place, historical system, workshop or dish so it remains part of a meaningful explanation.
95. local cuisine
Meaning: food traditions associated with a place. 中文：当地菜系 (dāng dì cài xì).
Say it: “We asked how a bouchon represents local cuisine.”
Use it well: Use “local cuisine” for food traditions associated with a place. Connect this Lyon-specific review word to a named place, historical system, workshop or dish so it remains part of a meaningful explanation.
96. set menu
Meaning: a menu offering a selected combination of courses. 中文：套餐菜单 (tào cān cài dān).
Say it: “What does the set menu include?”
Use it well: Use “set menu” for a menu offering a selected combination of courses. Connect this Lyon-specific review word to a named place, historical system, workshop or dish so it remains part of a meaningful explanation.
97. course
Meaning: a stage of a meal, such as a starter or main dish. 中文：一道餐序 (yī dào cān xù).
Say it: “How many courses are in this menu?”
Use it well: Use “course” for a stage of a meal, such as a starter or main dish. Connect this Lyon-specific review word to a named place, historical system, workshop or dish so it remains part of a meaningful explanation.
98. speciality
Meaning: a dish or product particularly associated with a place or provider. 中文：特色菜 (tè sè cài).
Say it: “Could you explain the restaurant’s speciality?”
Use it well: Use “speciality” for a dish or product particularly associated with a place or provider. Connect this Lyon-specific review word to a named place, historical system, workshop or dish so it remains part of a meaningful explanation.
99. offal
Meaning: animal organs used as food. 中文：食用动物内脏 (shí yòng dòng wù nèi zàng).
Say it: “Does this dish contain offal?”
Use it well: Offal means edible internal organs and other parts. It is a broad food category, so ask which specific ingredient a dish contains.
100. praline
Meaning: a confection involving nuts and sugar, with regional forms. 中文：果仁糖 (guǒ rén táng).
Say it: “What ingredients are used in this pink praline sweet?”
Use it well: In Lyon, praline often refers to pink sugar-coated almonds used in local sweets. The word can mean different confections elsewhere, so keep the regional context.
What to visit and understand in Lyon
Vieux Lyon and the traboules: a passage is also someone’s place
Vieux Lyon gives old town, courtyard and passageway useful settings. A traboule is a passage linking streets through buildings or courtyards. Some are accessible to visitors under particular arrangements; others are private. Do not assume that every route shown in a guide is open whenever you arrive. Follow the current official information and signs.
Residential and private property are essential companions to sightseeing vocabulary here. Move quietly through permitted areas and keep entrances clear. A guide can explain how a passage worked historically and how it functions today. That distinction turns an interesting shortcut into a lesson about shared urban space. It also gives you the language to ask whether access is appropriate.
Croix-Rousse: understand silk through a making process
Croix-Rousse is associated with Lyon’s silk workers and weaving history. Silk, thread, loom, weaving and textile help explain the production process. Follow one relationship at a time: threads are organised on a loom; weaving interlaces them to make fabric. Printing can add another stage, applying a design to the material.
The Maison des Canuts offers a museum and workshop setting for this history. Check the current arrangements for demonstrations or guided visits. A learner can ask “Which part moves?” and “What does that movement do?” Those small questions make a mechanism easier to understand. Describe a visible operation before reaching for words such as advanced or complicated.
Craftsmanship and printing: give praise a specific detail
A silk-printing workshop can make craftsmanship a useful rather than decorative word. Identify the material, the method used to place a design and one detail that requires care. Printing and weaving are related to fabric production but are different processes. A patterned textile does not by itself reveal whether its image is woven, printed or made another way.
Keep what you watched separate from what a guide explained. “I saw the maker apply this step” reports an observation. “The guide described an older process” reports information from another person. Both are valuable when attributed clearly. The habit transfers to science demonstrations, art lessons and composition: explain the action, name its purpose and preserve the source of the claim.
Fourvière and the rivers: give your map a larger frame
Fourvière’s basilica is a hilltop landmark overlooking Lyon. Basilica and cathedral are different titles, so keep the institution’s own name. Check current visiting arrangements, then choose an approach suitable for your group. Funicular is a useful word when asking about a cable-operated railway on a slope, but the service and destination still need confirmation.
The Rhône and Saône make confluence, peninsula and riverbank useful for understanding the city. Presqu’île introduces the land between the rivers; confluence names where they join. Identify the river and side before giving walking directions. A city view becomes easier to discuss when you can connect a hill, a waterway and the district between them.
Bouchons and a set menu: make the food explanation clear
Bouchons are associated with Lyon’s local dining tradition. Local cuisine, speciality, set menu and course help you ask what a meal offers. Ask how many courses are included and whether drinks or extras are separate. A restaurant’s speciality may be memorable, but its name does not reveal every ingredient.
Offal gives a clear word for edible animal organs when discussing dishes that contain them. Ask staff about the actual item rather than guessing from a translation. Praline is associated with regional sweet forms, including Lyon’s pink praline confections and tarts; check the particular product and ingredients. France uses the euro. A calm, specific menu question helps everyone enjoy the meal.
English–Chinese conversation practice for Lyon
Try these short exchanges aloud. One person asks, another answers, and a third checks whether the reply actually addresses the question. The replies below illustrate language use; actual staff, rules and services may be different. If a detail matters, ask again rather than filling the gap with a guess.
At a weaving demonstration
You: “Which threads form the warp?”
中文：哪些线是经线？
Practice reply: “The lengthwise threads form the warp.”
中文：纵向排列的线是经线。
Using a passage
You: “May we use the through passage?”
中文：我们可以使用这条穿行通道吗？
Practice reply: “Check the opening notice and respect the residents.”
中文：请查看开放告示，并尊重居民。
Choosing dinner
You: “What does the prix fixe include?”
中文：固定价格套餐包含什么？
Practice reply: “Ask which courses and drinks are included.”
中文：请问包含哪些菜和饮品。
Turn Lyon vocabulary into useful English
A lovely travel moment starts with noticing. Point to a real feature, name it and explain what you mean in one ordinary sentence. Then ask a question that lets you learn something new. If you are visiting with a child, let the child choose the object and question. Curiosity makes a much better starting point than a test of how many words someone remembers.
The Fencing Method: expand without losing meaning
Start with this sentence from the list: “The display shows a silk filament.” Identify its subject, verb and purpose. Now add one detail you have actually checked. You might explain which object you mean, why you are asking or what choice depends on the answer. Read the expanded sentence aloud. If it has become harder to understand, shorten it and rebuild.
Keep three kinds of statement separate: what you observed, what a reliable source explained and what you inferred. A view does not establish a building’s date. A food name does not confirm every ingredient. An attractive old-looking object is not automatically an original. Clear English helps you express curiosity while leaving space for uncertainty.
For the wider approach, explore eduKate’s Fencing Method and vocabulary synthesis.
Practise in a 90-minute session
Use ten minutes to recall five words without the Chinese column; fifteen minutes to repair two meaning confusions; twenty minutes for the bilingual exchanges above; a ten-minute break; twenty minutes to solve a new visitor situation; ten minutes to reflect on corrections; and five minutes to choose the next review task. That adds up to 90 minutes. In a three-person group, rotate traveller, helper and observer so everyone speaks and listens.
For the unfamiliar task, change one condition rather than merely repeat a script: the requested item is unavailable, the sign uses a different word, or the explanation is too fast. The traveller must choose a follow-up question. Ask for clarification politely, check the answer and say what you will do next. Successful communication is a conversation, not a memorised performance.
Write a Lyon travel note
Choose three words from this guide and connect them to one place or experience. Write one sentence describing what you noticed, one explaining a checked fact and one reflecting on a question you still have. If you have not travelled, label the piece an imagined visit or a plan. Do not write an invented scene as a personal memory.
Read the note again a few days later. Can you explain each selected word without looking at the translation? Does the example still sound natural? Record one useful correction and try it aloud. You are building language you can retrieve, not merely a page you have copied. Leave room for a laugh, a pause and another good question.
Use Lyon vocabulary to follow a material from fibre to city
Lyon’s word bank is unusually good for systems thinking. A silk filament becomes thread; thread becomes woven fabric; a loom organises warp and weft; workers and workshops turn technique into an industry; passageways and neighbourhoods shape how people move; printing turns type and ink into pages; food turns ingredients and methods into a meal. Vocabulary helps you follow the chain without confusing one stage with the next.
The exercises below are teaching scenarios. They do not tell you to operate machinery, enter a private traboule, date an archaeological object or assume a restaurant recipe. Use museum labels, access signs, historical sources and current menus for the facts that matter.
Worked example 1: explain silk without calling every strand “thread”
Begin with the material sequence. A silkworm spins a cocoon from silk filament. Filaments can be reeled and combined into usable thread. On a loom, warp threads are held lengthwise under tension while weft passes across them. The finished textile may use satin, damask, brocade, velvet or another construction.
This sequence prevents a common vocabulary collapse. Cocoon is not fibre, filament is not finished thread, and satin is not a fibre at all—it is a weave structure or resulting fabric surface. If a museum label gives the material as silk satin, the two words answer different questions: fibre and weave.
A shuttle, bobbin and loom also have different jobs. The bobbin holds thread. A shuttle can carry weft across the warp on certain looms. The loom is the larger weaving system. Ask which mechanism the historical machine actually uses before applying every traditional tool word.
中文理解：cocoon、filament、thread、fabric 是不同阶段；warp 与 weft 是两个方向；satin、damask、brocade 是织物结构或类型，不是蚕丝纤维本身。
Worked example 2: connect a Jacquard loom with information
A Jacquard loom is a beautiful bridge between textile history and information systems. Punched cards encoded pattern choices through holes. The mechanism used that encoded information to control which warp threads were raised. The result was repeatable complex patterning.
Be careful with the modern comparison. Saying “the loom used encoded instructions” is useful. Saying “the loom was a computer exactly like a laptop” collapses important differences in architecture, purpose and programmability. Historical analogy works best when you say what feature is similar.
Pattern repeat is another helpful word. A repeated motif can be woven through the loom’s control system. If you see a fabric sample, ask whether the design is woven, printed or embroidered. The surface appearance alone may not answer the production method.
中文理解：Jacquard loom 的穿孔卡可以编码花纹选择，但不能简单说“它就是现代电脑”。比较时要说明相似的是“信息控制”这一点。
Worked example 3: use traboule without treating private access as public
Traboule is a place-specific word worth keeping in French. It describes a passage through buildings or courtyards associated with Lyon’s urban fabric. A route may connect one street to another through interior spaces, but historical existence does not guarantee current public access.
If a sign says restricted access or residents only, that current instruction overrides the desire to complete a heritage route. A good sentence is “This traboule is historically documented, but access is restricted today.” Heritage interest and property access can both be true at once.
Shared entrance, inner courtyard and stair tower can help describe the spatial sequence. Use them to explain how the passage works without implying that every doorway is part of an open tourist route.
中文理解：traboule 是里昂很有地方特色的通道名称。历史上存在，不等于今天一定开放。看到 restricted access 或 residents only 时，应以现场规定为准。
Worked example 4: read archaeology as layers, not as instant certainty
At a Roman site, theatre and amphitheatre should be kept separate. A theatre usually has a semicircular arrangement oriented toward a stage. An amphitheatre surrounds a central arena. The words describe different architectural forms and historical uses.
Stratum, artefact and dating help you read excavation evidence. An artefact gains meaning from its archaeological context, including the layer in which it was found. A stratum is a layer, but layers can be disturbed. Dating can combine several methods; appearance alone is rarely enough.
An aqueduct is another useful correction. The visible arcade may be dramatic, but the aqueduct is the whole water-conveyance system. The arches are one possible structural solution along part of the route.
中文理解：theatre 与 amphitheatre 结构不同。artefact 要结合 stratum 与考古背景理解。aqueduct 是整个输水系统，不只是我们看到的拱桥部分。
Worked example 5: move from type to page in a printing display
Movable type gives you reusable individual characters. A typeface gives those characters a visual design. Letterpress describes a printing method using raised inked surfaces. Ink transfers the image to paper. A proof is an early printed copy checked before final production. Page layout organises the resulting text and images.
This chain keeps typography separate from content. Typography concerns the form and arrangement of type; the words printed in that type are another layer. Binding happens later, when pages or gatherings are assembled into a book.
If a museum shows a folio, check whether the term refers to a leaf in a manuscript or a bibliographic format. Context matters because the same English word can carry specialist meanings.
中文理解：movable type 是活字，typeface 是字形设计，letterpress 是印刷方法，proof 是校样，binding 是装订。不要把 typography 与文字内容混为一谈。
Worked example 6: order in a bouchon by separating ingredient, method and menu format
A bouchon is a traditional Lyonnais restaurant type, not the name of one dish. Inside, you may encounter quenelle, sausage, tripe, offal or a praline dessert. Ask what a particular dish contains instead of treating local-cuisine as a complete ingredient list.
Roux and reduction describe cooking processes or sauce bases. Poached and braised describe methods. Prix fixe describes how the menu is priced and structured. Daily special describes availability. Keeping these categories separate makes ordering questions far easier.
If a menu says offal, ask which organ or cut is used. If it says quenelle, ask about the base and sauce. If it says praline, remember that Lyon’s pink praline tradition may differ from what the word means in another country.
中文理解：bouchon 是餐厅类型，不是一道菜。roux、reduction 是烹饪过程或酱汁基础；poached、braised 是做法；prix fixe 是菜单计价方式。
Repair the exact problem
Textile problem: separate fibre, thread, weave and finished fabric. Access problem: distinguish a historic traboule from one currently open to visitors. Archaeology problem: keep object, layer and dating method separate. Printing problem: distinguish type, typeface, printing method and page design. Food problem: separate ingredient, technique and menu format.
The strongest learner does not use the most specialist words. The strongest learner can say why two specialist words are different and knows which source would settle the remaining uncertainty.
Try before opening the suggested responses
A. Correct “Satin is a kind of silk fibre.”
B. Explain the difference between warp and weft.
C. Rewrite “Every traboule is open to tourists.”
D. Explain why an aqueduct is more than its visible arches.
E. Distinguish movable type from typeface.
F. Explain what prix fixe tells you and what it does not.
Suggested responses and what to check
A: “Satin is a weave structure or resulting fabric surface; it can be made from silk or other fibres.”
B: “Warp threads run lengthwise under tension on the loom; weft threads pass across them.”
C: “Some traboules are historically significant but current public access varies and may be restricted.”
D: “An aqueduct is the whole water-conveyance system; arcades are only one possible visible structural part.”
E: “Movable type is the reusable physical character system; a typeface is the visual design of the characters.”
F: “Prix fixe tells you that the menu has a fixed price for specified courses or choices; it does not tell you which dishes are included until you read the menu.”
A five-minute Lyon retrieval check
Recall one silk-production word, one urban-access word, one archaeology word, one printing word and one food word. For each, name its nearest neighbour and the difference. That single habit turns a vocabulary list into a model of how the city works.
Back to the word index · Return to the learning plan · Revisit Lyon places and history
Frequently asked questions
Must I learn all 100 words?
No. Choose five that fit your next Lyon activity. Use their examples, then add another small group when you have a reason to use it. The list includes words and useful expressions, not a compulsory exam syllabus.
Are these the same words as the other EU city guides?
No. Lyon keeps its own protected set of 100 numbered headwords or expressions within the expanding EU branch. Familiar travel language can recur naturally in examples, but the numbered bank is built around Lyon’s silk, traboules, archaeology, printing and local cuisine.
Is this a local-language phrasebook?
It teaches English with simplified Chinese meanings and pinyin. Local names and cultural terms help you recognise what you are visiting, but this is not a substitute for local-language learning. Save original place names from official sources.
Does pinyin pronounce the English?
No. Pinyin represents the Mandarin translation. Use the IPA guide and an appropriate recording for the English or borrowed cultural term. Different accents and local-language forms can sound different.
Can I rely on examples for prices, access or safety?
No. Example questions practise communication. Check the official sources, current signs and staff guidance for your actual date and situation. For dietary requirements, ask about the complete ingredients and preparation rather than relying on a translated dish name.
How does this support school English?
The transferable habits are precise definitions, natural sentences, careful listening and honest factual writing. A student can use a travel observation to practise description and explanation; an adult can use the same word to ask a better question.
Continue through the eduKate learning ecosystem
For your next learning step, visit the Vocabulary Learning Hub. The adult collocations guide helps turn isolated words into natural combinations such as booking confirmation, departure board and temporary exhibition. The adult vocabulary review guide supports practice after the first reading.
For the wider country context, continue to the France travel vocabulary guide. Its country overview complements the particular Lyon situations taught here.
Travel also makes Mathematics and Science feel wonderfully concrete. Estimate journey time, compare quantities and prices, or explain how a transport mechanism works. Explore eduKate’s learning hubs to connect clear language with these wider learning goals.
Families seeking teaching support can explore eduKate Singapore. The wider estate includes eduKatePunggol, eduKateSengkang, BukitTimahTutor and eduKateOrchard. Choose a relevant learning route and check the current information directly with the centre.
Official sources for your visit
The city and visitor information was checked for this guide on 2 October 2026. The vocabulary selection and practice examples are eduKate teaching material. Use these official sources for the specific history and visitor arrangements; consult the live pages again before travel.
Enjoy Lyon one clear conversation at a time. Learn a word, ask a useful question and give yourself time to notice the answer. That is how a vocabulary list becomes a day you can understand, share and remember.
For further pronunciation listening, use Cambridge Dictionary or Collins Dictionary. Definitions and example sentences in this guide are eduKate teaching material; local food and cultural terms may need local recordings as well.