Top 100 Vocabulary for Visiting and Touring EU | Munich

Top 100 Vocabulary for Visiting and Touring EU | Munich is an English–Chinese travel vocabulary guide for Bavarian food, scientific demonstrations and unhurried green spaces. Every numbered entry has a pronunciation guide, simplified Chinese, Mandarin pinyin, a plain-English meaning and a practical example.

Ready to look a little closer at Munich? This list gives you words for food and engineering, rather than repeating the same travel list used for every city. Learn a handful before you go, then let a real object, conversation or view help the meaning stick. English-speaking readers can use the definitions to sharpen their descriptions; Chinese-speaking readers can use the translations as a bridge into English.

Munich is in Germany, an EU member state. English is a helpful shared language for many visitor conversations, while local names and signs also use German. Keep original place spellings on your map. This is an English–Chinese learning guide, not a claim that English is the local language or that every visitor service provides it.

城市：Munich /ˈmjuːnɪk/ — 慕尼黑 (Mù ní hēi). Currency: euros. “Top 100” is our teaching selection, not an official word-frequency ranking. The numbered list contains exactly 100 English entries; place names introduced later are extra cultural references.

Pronunciation: slashes show an IPA guide, with ˈ marking primary stress and ˌ secondary stress. British and American English forms may differ. Local food and cultural names may use local-style pronunciation. Pinyin reads the Mandarin meaning; it is not an English sound substitution. Check a dictionary or local recording, then practise the whole example sentence.

Choose your starting point: the four banks divide the 100 entries into manageable groups of 25. Open a ten-word index below to jump directly to a lesson. These examples are learning scenarios, not promises about a venue’s services or current visitor rules.

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Munich vocabulary bank 1: words 1–25

Begin with roast and continue to apple. Use the table for a quick meaning check, then read the example lessons beneath it. You do not need to use every word in one conversation.

No.	Word or expression	Pronunciation (IPA)	简体中文	Mandarin pinyin
1	roast	/roʊst/	烤肉	kǎo ròu
2	dough	/doʊ/	生面团	shēng miàn tuán
3	crust	/krəst/	外皮	wài pí
4	salted	/ˈsɔltɪd/	加盐的	jiā yán de
5	crisp	/krɪsp/	酥脆的	sū cuì de
6	chewy	/ʧui/	有嚼劲的	yǒu jué jìn de
7	batter	/ˈbætər/	面糊	miàn hù
8	yeast	/jist/	酵母	jiào mǔ
9	fermentation	/ˌfərmənˈteɪʃən/	发酵	fā jiào
10	brewing	/bruɪŋ/	酿造	niàng zào
11	malt	/mɔlt/	麦芽	mài yá
12	hops	/hɑps/	啤酒花	pí jiǔ huā
13	barley	/ˈbɑrli/	大麦	dà mài
14	wheat	/wit/	小麦	xiǎo mài
15	tankard	/ˈtæŋkərd/	大啤酒杯	dà pí jiǔ bēi
16	tavern	/ˈtævərn/	酒馆	jiǔ guǎn
17	butcher	/ˈbʊʧər/	肉贩	ròu fàn
18	grill	/grɪl/	烤架	kǎo jià
19	horseradish	/ˈhɔrsˌrædɪʃ/	辣根	là gēn
20	radish	/ˈrædɪʃ/	萝卜	luó bo
21	chives	/ʧaɪvz/	细香葱	xì xiāng cōng
22	cabbage	/ˈkæbɪʤ/	卷心菜	juǎn xīn cài
23	potato	/pəˈteɪˌtoʊ/	马铃薯	mǎ líng shǔ
24	venison	/ˈvɛnəsən/	鹿肉	lù ròu
25	apple	/ˈæpəl/	苹果	píng guǒ

Use these words in clear sentences

1. roast

Meaning: meat cooked by dry heat. 中文：烤肉 (kǎo ròu).

Say it: “Could you recommend a roast for lunch?”

Use it well: Use “roast” for meat cooked by dry heat. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

2. dough

Meaning: a mixture prepared for baking. 中文：生面团 (shēng miàn tuán).

Say it: “How long does the dough rest?”

Use it well: Dough is a thick mixture of flour and liquid, often kneaded. It is different from batter, which is usually thinner and pourable.

3. crust

Meaning: the firm outer layer of baked food. 中文：外皮 (wài pí).

Say it: “This bread has a crisp crust.”

Use it well: Use “crust” for the firm outer layer of baked food. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

4. salted

Meaning: prepared with added salt. 中文：加盐的 (jiā yán de).

Say it: “Is this butter salted?”

Use it well: Use “salted” for prepared with added salt. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

5. crisp

Meaning: firm and pleasantly easy to break. 中文：酥脆的 (sū cuì de).

Say it: “The pretzel is crisp outside.”

Use it well: Use “crisp” for firm and pleasantly easy to break. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

6. chewy

Meaning: requiring repeated chewing. 中文：有嚼劲的 (yǒu jué jìn de).

Say it: “The centre feels pleasantly chewy.”

Use it well: Use “chewy” for requiring repeated chewing. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

7. batter

Meaning: a liquid mixture used in cooking. 中文：面糊 (miàn hù).

Say it: “Does the batter contain milk?”

Use it well: Batter is a pourable or spoonable mixture used for some fried or baked foods. It is usually wetter than dough.

8. yeast

Meaning: a microorganism used to raise dough. 中文：酵母 (jiào mǔ).

Say it: “The baker explained the yeast’s role.”

Use it well: Yeast is a microorganism used in fermentation. It can make dough rise and contribute to brewing, but the process and product differ by context.

9. fermentation

Meaning: a process in which microorganisms change substances. 中文：发酵 (fā jiào).

Say it: “The display explains fermentation in brewing.”

Use it well: Fermentation is a biological process in which microorganisms transform sugars. It appears in bread and brewing, but the ingredients, conditions and products differ.

10. brewing

Meaning: making beer or another prepared drink. 中文：酿造 (niàng zào).

Say it: “Can visitors learn about brewing here?”

Use it well: Brewing is the process of making beer or other brewed drinks. It is broader than fermentation alone because it includes preparation, boiling and other stages.

11. malt

Meaning: grain prepared for brewing or food. 中文：麦芽 (mài yá).

Say it: “Which malt does this recipe use?”

Use it well: Malt is grain that has been germinated and dried for brewing or food production. It is not simply raw barley.

12. hops

Meaning: flowers used to flavour beer. 中文：啤酒花 (pí jiǔ huā).

Say it: “The guide showed us dried hops.”

Use it well: Hops are flowers used in brewing for bitterness, aroma and preservation effects. They are one ingredient, not the whole beer-making process.

13. barley

Meaning: a cereal grain. 中文：大麦 (dà mài).

Say it: “Is this product made from barley?”

Use it well: Use “barley” for a cereal grain. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

14. wheat

Meaning: a cereal used especially for flour. 中文：小麦 (xiǎo mài).

Say it: “Does this bread contain wheat?”

Use it well: Use “wheat” for a cereal used especially for flour. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

15. tankard

Meaning: a large drinking vessel with a handle. 中文：大啤酒杯 (dà pí jiǔ bēi).

Say it: “Is the tankard part of the display?”

Use it well: A tankard is a large drinking vessel, traditionally with a handle. The vessel does not tell you what drink is inside.

16. tavern

Meaning: a place serving drinks and sometimes food. 中文：酒馆 (jiǔ guǎn).

Say it: “Does the tavern serve lunch?”

Use it well: Use “tavern” for a place serving drinks and sometimes food. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

17. butcher

Meaning: someone who prepares or sells meat. 中文：肉贩 (ròu fàn).

Say it: “The butcher explained each cut.”

Use it well: Use “butcher” for someone who prepares or sells meat. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

18. grill

Meaning: a cooking surface heated from below. 中文：烤架 (kǎo jià).

Say it: “Is the sausage cooked on a grill?”

Use it well: Use “grill” for a cooking surface heated from below. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

19. horseradish

Meaning: a pungent root used as a condiment. 中文：辣根 (là gēn).

Say it: “Does the sauce contain horseradish?”

Use it well: Use “horseradish” for a pungent root used as a condiment. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

20. radish

Meaning: an edible root vegetable. 中文：萝卜 (luó bo).

Say it: “Are these radishes served raw?”

Use it well: Use “radish” for an edible root vegetable. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

21. chives

Meaning: a herb with slender edible leaves. 中文：细香葱 (xì xiāng cōng).

Say it: “Could you leave out the chives?”

Use it well: Use “chives” for a herb with slender edible leaves. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

22. cabbage

Meaning: a leafy vegetable with a compact head. 中文：卷心菜 (juǎn xīn cài).

Say it: “How is the cabbage prepared?”

Use it well: Use “cabbage” for a leafy vegetable with a compact head. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

23. potato

Meaning: an edible starchy tuber. 中文：马铃薯 (mǎ líng shǔ).

Say it: “Does this dish include potato?”

Use it well: Use “potato” for an edible starchy tuber. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

24. venison

Meaning: meat from a deer. 中文：鹿肉 (lù ròu).

Say it: “What accompanies the venison?”

Use it well: Use “venison” for meat from a deer. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

25. apple

Meaning: a round fruit grown on a tree. 中文：苹果 (píng guǒ).

Say it: “The dessert contains slices of apple.”

Use it well: Use “apple” for a round fruit grown on a tree. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

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Munich vocabulary bank 2: words 26–50

Begin with plum and continue to insulator. Use the table for a quick meaning check, then read the example lessons beneath it. You do not need to use every word in one conversation.

No.	Word or expression	Pronunciation (IPA)	简体中文	Mandarin pinyin
26	plum	/pləm/	李子	lǐ zi
27	apricot	/ˈeɪprəˌkɑt/	杏	xìng
28	cream	/krim/	奶油	nǎi yóu
29	pudding	/ˈpʊdɪŋ/	布丁	bù dīng
30	crumb	/krəm/	碎屑	suì xiè
31	recipe	/ˈrɛsəpi/	食谱	shí pǔ
32	hearty	/ˈhɑrti/	丰盛的	fēng shèng de
33	savoury	/ˈseɪvəri/	咸味的	xián wèi de
34	tender	/ˈtɛndər/	嫩的	nèn de
35	stew	/stu/	炖菜	dùn cài
36	mash	/mæʃ/	捣碎	dǎo suì
37	slice	/slaɪs/	切片	qiē piàn
38	carve	/kɑrv/	切肉	qiè ròu
39	boil	/bɔɪl/	煮沸	zhǔ fèi
40	steam	/stim/	蒸	zhēng
41	gear	/gɪr/	齿轮	chǐ lún
42	piston	/ˈpɪstən/	活塞	huó sāi
43	lever	/ˈlɛvər/	杠杆	gàng gǎn
44	turbine	/ˈtərbaɪn/	涡轮机	wō lún jī
45	combustion	/kəmˈbəsʧən/	燃烧	rán shāo
46	electricity	/ɪˌlɛkˈtrɪsəti/	电	diàn
47	voltage	/ˈvoʊltɪʤ/	电压	diàn yā
48	magnet	/ˈmægnət/	磁铁	cí tiě
49	conductor	/kənˈdəktər/	导体	dǎo tǐ
50	insulator	/ˈɪnsəˌleɪtər/	绝缘体	jué yuán tǐ

Use these words in clear sentences

26. plum

Meaning: a stone fruit with smooth skin. 中文：李子 (lǐ zi).

Say it: “Is the plum filling sweetened?”

Use it well: Use “plum” for a stone fruit with smooth skin. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

27. apricot

Meaning: a small orange stone fruit. 中文：杏 (xìng).

Say it: “This pastry has an apricot filling.”

Use it well: Use “apricot” for a small orange stone fruit. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

28. cream

Meaning: the fatty part of milk. 中文：奶油 (nǎi yóu).

Say it: “Is cream included with the dessert?”

Use it well: Use “cream” for the fatty part of milk. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

29. pudding

Meaning: a sweet prepared dessert. 中文：布丁 (bù dīng).

Say it: “Could you explain this pudding?”

Use it well: Use “pudding” for a sweet prepared dessert. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

30. crumb

Meaning: a small fragment of bread or cake. 中文：碎屑 (suì xiè).

Say it: “A few crumbs remained on the plate.”

Use it well: Use “crumb” for a small fragment of bread or cake. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

31. recipe

Meaning: instructions for preparing food. 中文：食谱 (shí pǔ).

Say it: “Is the recipe available in English?”

Use it well: Use “recipe” for instructions for preparing food. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

32. hearty

Meaning: substantial and satisfying to eat. 中文：丰盛的 (fēng shèng de).

Say it: “We wanted a hearty meal after walking.”

Use it well: Use “hearty” for substantial and satisfying to eat. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

33. savoury

Meaning: having a flavour other than sweet. 中文：咸味的 (xián wèi de).

Say it: “Is this pastry sweet or savoury?”

Use it well: Use “savoury” for having a flavour other than sweet. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

34. tender

Meaning: easy to cut or chew. 中文：嫩的 (nèn de).

Say it: “The meat was tender.”

Use it well: Use “tender” for easy to cut or chew. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

35. stew

Meaning: food cooked slowly in liquid. 中文：炖菜 (dùn cài).

Say it: “What vegetables are in the stew?”

Use it well: Use “stew” for food cooked slowly in liquid. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

36. mash

Meaning: to crush food into a soft mixture. 中文：捣碎 (dǎo suì).

Say it: “Do you mash the potatoes by hand?”

Use it well: Use “mash” for to crush food into a soft mixture. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

37. slice

Meaning: a thin flat piece cut from something. 中文：切片 (qiē piàn).

Say it: “May I have one slice of cake?”

Use it well: Use “slice” for a thin flat piece cut from something. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

38. carve

Meaning: to cut portions from cooked meat. 中文：切肉 (qiè ròu).

Say it: “The server will carve the roast.”

Use it well: Use “carve” for to cut portions from cooked meat. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

39. boil

Meaning: to cook in bubbling hot liquid. 中文：煮沸 (zhǔ fèi).

Say it: “How long do you boil it?”

Use it well: Use “boil” for to cook in bubbling hot liquid. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

40. steam

Meaning: to cook using hot water vapour. 中文：蒸 (zhēng).

Say it: “Is this dish steamed or fried?”

Use it well: Use “steam” for to cook using hot water vapour. In Munich’s food context, keep ingredient, texture, cooking method and dish type separate, and ask about the actual preparation rather than assuming one regional recipe.

41. gear

Meaning: a toothed wheel transmitting motion. 中文：齿轮 (chǐ lún).

Say it: “The exhibit shows how a gear turns.”

Use it well: A gear is a toothed wheel that transfers rotation and torque. It is different from a lever, piston or turbine.

42. piston

Meaning: a part moving within a cylinder. 中文：活塞 (huó sāi).

Say it: “Which motion does the piston produce?”

Use it well: A piston is a moving component that travels back and forth inside a cylinder. It can convert pressure into motion or the reverse.

43. lever

Meaning: a bar turning around a fixed point. 中文：杠杆 (gàng gǎn).

Say it: “May visitors operate this lever?”

Use it well: A lever is a rigid bar that pivots around a point to transmit force. It is a mechanical principle, not every handle.

44. turbine

Meaning: a rotating machine driven by moving fluid. 中文：涡轮机 (wō lún jī).

Say it: “The model explains a turbine’s operation.”

Use it well: A turbine converts energy from moving fluid into rotational motion. It differs from a piston mechanism, which uses reciprocating motion.

45. combustion

Meaning: burning that releases heat. 中文：燃烧 (rán shāo).

Say it: “This display compares combustion and electric power.”

Use it well: Combustion is a chemical reaction involving burning. It is not the same as electricity or mechanical motion, though engines can connect these systems.

46. electricity

Meaning: energy associated with electric charge. 中文：电 (diàn).

Say it: “How does this device use electricity?”

Use it well: Use “electricity” for energy associated with electric charge. In science and engineering contexts, attach the term to the correct component, measurement or process and avoid using technical vocabulary as a substitute for evidence.

47. voltage

Meaning: electric potential difference. 中文：电压 (diàn yā).

Say it: “What voltage does the label specify?”

Use it well: Voltage is electric potential difference. It is not the same as current, power or energy.

48. magnet

Meaning: an object producing a magnetic field. 中文：磁铁 (cí tiě).

Say it: “The magnet attracts the metal piece.”

Use it well: Use “magnet” for an object producing a magnetic field. In science and engineering contexts, attach the term to the correct component, measurement or process and avoid using technical vocabulary as a substitute for evidence.

49. conductor

Meaning: a material allowing electricity to pass. 中文：导体 (dǎo tǐ).

Say it: “Which sample is an electrical conductor?”

Use it well: A conductor allows electric charge or heat to move relatively easily. In this engineering context it is different from an orchestra conductor.

50. insulator

Meaning: a material resisting electrical flow. 中文：绝缘体 (jué yuán tǐ).

Say it: “Why is this material an insulator?”

Use it well: An insulator resists the flow of electricity or heat. The material’s performance depends on conditions and design.

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Munich vocabulary bank 3: words 51–75

Begin with circuit and continue to recharge. Use the table for a quick meaning check, then read the example lessons beneath it. You do not need to use every word in one conversation.

No.	Word or expression	Pronunciation (IPA)	简体中文	Mandarin pinyin
51	circuit	/ˈsərkət/	电路	diàn lù
52	sensor	/ˈsɛnsər/	传感器	chuán gǎn qì
53	prototype	/ˈproʊtoʊˌtaɪp/	原型	yuán xíng
54	invention	/ˌɪnˈvɛnʃən/	发明	fā míng
55	experiment	/ɪkˈspɛrəmənt/	实验	shí yàn
56	demonstration	/ˌdɛmənˈstreɪʃən/	演示	yǎn shì
57	precision	/priˈsɪʒən/	精密程度	jīng mì chéng dù
58	measurement	/ˈmɛʒərmənt/	测量	cè liáng
59	calibration	/ˌkæləˈbreɪʃən/	校准	jiào zhǔn
60	simulation	/ˌsɪmjəˈleɪʃən/	模拟	mó nǐ
61	automation	/ɔtəˈmeɪʃən/	自动化	zì dòng huà
62	robot	/ˈroʊˌbət/	机器人	jī qì rén
63	canopy	/ˈkænəpi/	树冠	shù guān
64	grove	/groʊv/	小树林	xiǎo shù lín
65	pond	/pɑnd/	池塘	chí táng
66	banknote	/ˈbæŋkˌnoʊt/	纸币	zhǐ bì
67	coin	/kɔɪn/	硬币	yìng bì
68	kilometre	/ˈkɪləˌmitər/	千米	qiān mǐ
69	footpath	/ˈfʊtˌpæθ/	人行小道	rén xíng xiǎo dào
70	detour	/ˈditʊr/	绕行	rào xíng
71	uphill	/ˈəˈphɪl/	上坡	shàng pō
72	downhill	/ˈdaʊnˈhɪl/	下坡	xià pō
73	broad	/brɔd/	宽阔的	kuān kuò de
74	tranquil	/ˈtræŋkwɪl/	宁静的	níng jìng de
75	recharge	/riˈʧɑrʤ/	恢复精力	huī fù jīng lì

Use these words in clear sentences

51. circuit

Meaning: a connected path for electric current. 中文：电路 (diàn lù).

Say it: “Can you trace the circuit?”

Use it well: A circuit is a connected path through which electric current can flow. One component alone is not a complete circuit.

52. sensor

Meaning: a device detecting a physical condition. 中文：传感器 (chuán gǎn qì).

Say it: “What does this sensor detect?”

Use it well: A sensor detects a physical quantity or condition and converts it into usable information. It does not automatically make a system autonomous.

53. prototype

Meaning: an early model used for development. 中文：原型 (yuán xíng).

Say it: “Is this a prototype or a production model?”

Use it well: A prototype is an early model used to test an idea or design. It is not necessarily the final product.

54. invention

Meaning: a newly created device or method. 中文：发明 (fā míng).

Say it: “Which problem did this invention address?”

Use it well: Use “invention” for a newly created device or method. In science and engineering contexts, attach the term to the correct component, measurement or process and avoid using technical vocabulary as a substitute for evidence.

55. experiment

Meaning: a procedure testing an idea. 中文：实验 (shí yàn).

Say it: “What does the experiment test?”

Use it well: An experiment tests a question under defined conditions. It differs from a demonstration, which mainly shows a known effect.

56. demonstration

Meaning: a practical showing of how something works. 中文：演示 (yǎn shì).

Say it: “When does the demonstration begin?”

Use it well: A demonstration shows how something works or illustrates a principle. It may not be designed to test a new hypothesis.

57. precision

Meaning: the closeness of repeated measurements to one another. 中文：精密程度 (jīng mì chéng dù).

Say it: “The guide discussed precision in measurement.”

Use it well: Use “precision” for the closeness of repeated measurements to one another. In science and engineering contexts, attach the term to the correct component, measurement or process and avoid using technical vocabulary as a substitute for evidence.

58. measurement

Meaning: finding a quantity using a defined method. 中文：测量 (cè liáng).

Say it: “Which unit is used for this measurement?”

Use it well: Use “measurement” for finding a quantity using a defined method. In science and engineering contexts, attach the term to the correct component, measurement or process and avoid using technical vocabulary as a substitute for evidence.

59. calibration

Meaning: checking an instrument against a reference. 中文：校准 (jiào zhǔn).

Say it: “Why does the instrument need calibration?”

Use it well: Calibration compares an instrument with a reference to improve or verify measurement accuracy. It is not the same as simply resetting a device.

60. simulation

Meaning: a model imitating a real process. 中文：模拟 (mó nǐ).

Say it: “Does the simulation show different conditions?”

Use it well: A simulation represents the behaviour of a system through a model. It is not the real system and depends on assumptions.

61. automation

Meaning: operation using automatic control. 中文：自动化 (zì dòng huà).

Say it: “The exhibit explains factory automation.”

Use it well: Automation uses systems to perform tasks with reduced direct human control. It does not mean no humans are involved anywhere.

62. robot

Meaning: a machine carrying out programmed actions. 中文：机器人 (jī qì rén).

Say it: “What task can this robot perform?”

Use it well: A robot is a programmable machine capable of carrying out actions. Not every automated device is a robot.

63. canopy

Meaning: the spreading upper cover of trees. 中文：树冠 (shù guān).

Say it: “We rested beneath the leafy canopy.”

Use it well: Use “canopy” for the spreading upper cover of trees. In parks and travel-planning contexts, distinguish landscape feature, distance, route condition and action so a pleasant walk description remains practically useful.

64. grove

Meaning: a small group of trees. 中文：小树林 (xiǎo shù lín).

Say it: “The path leads past a grove.”

Use it well: Use “grove” for a small group of trees. In parks and travel-planning contexts, distinguish landscape feature, distance, route condition and action so a pleasant walk description remains practically useful.

65. pond

Meaning: a small body of still water. 中文：池塘 (chí táng).

Say it: “We stopped beside the pond.”

Use it well: Use “pond” for a small body of still water. In parks and travel-planning contexts, distinguish landscape feature, distance, route condition and action so a pleasant walk description remains practically useful.

66. banknote

Meaning: paper money issued as currency. 中文：纸币 (zhǐ bì).

Say it: “Can you accept this banknote?”

Use it well: A banknote is paper or polymer money issued by an authorised monetary system. It differs from a coin by form, not value alone.

67. coin

Meaning: a small metal unit of money. 中文：硬币 (yìng bì).

Say it: “Do we need a coin for this machine?”

Use it well: Use “coin” for a small metal unit of money. In parks and travel-planning contexts, distinguish landscape feature, distance, route condition and action so a pleasant walk description remains practically useful.

68. kilometre

Meaning: a unit equal to one thousand metres. 中文：千米 (qiān mǐ).

Say it: “The walk is about one kilometre.”

Use it well: Use “kilometre” for a unit equal to one thousand metres. In parks and travel-planning contexts, distinguish landscape feature, distance, route condition and action so a pleasant walk description remains practically useful.

69. footpath

Meaning: a path mainly for walking. 中文：人行小道 (rén xíng xiǎo dào).

Say it: “Is the footpath suitable for our group?”

Use it well: Use “footpath” for a path mainly for walking. In parks and travel-planning contexts, distinguish landscape feature, distance, route condition and action so a pleasant walk description remains practically useful.

70. detour

Meaning: an alternative way around an obstruction. 中文：绕行 (rào xíng).

Say it: “The sign directs us along a detour.”

Use it well: Use “detour” for an alternative way around an obstruction. In parks and travel-planning contexts, distinguish landscape feature, distance, route condition and action so a pleasant walk description remains practically useful.

71. uphill

Meaning: towards a higher position. 中文：上坡 (shàng pō).

Say it: “Does this walk go uphill?”

Use it well: Use “uphill” for towards a higher position. In parks and travel-planning contexts, distinguish landscape feature, distance, route condition and action so a pleasant walk description remains practically useful.

72. downhill

Meaning: towards a lower position. 中文：下坡 (xià pō).

Say it: “The return path goes downhill.”

Use it well: Use “downhill” for towards a lower position. In parks and travel-planning contexts, distinguish landscape feature, distance, route condition and action so a pleasant walk description remains practically useful.

73. broad

Meaning: wide from side to side. 中文：宽阔的 (kuān kuò de).

Say it: “A broad path runs through the meadow.”

Use it well: Use “broad” for wide from side to side. In parks and travel-planning contexts, distinguish landscape feature, distance, route condition and action so a pleasant walk description remains practically useful.

74. tranquil

Meaning: calm and peaceful. 中文：宁静的 (níng jìng de).

Say it: “We found a tranquil place to rest.”

Use it well: Use “tranquil” for calm and peaceful. In parks and travel-planning contexts, distinguish landscape feature, distance, route condition and action so a pleasant walk description remains practically useful.

75. recharge

Meaning: to regain energy. 中文：恢复精力 (huī fù jīng lì).

Say it: “We paused in the garden to recharge.”

Use it well: Use “recharge” for to regain energy. In parks and travel-planning contexts, distinguish landscape feature, distance, route condition and action so a pleasant walk description remains practically useful.

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Munich vocabulary bank 4: words 76–100

Begin with shuffle and continue to regional train. Use the table for a quick meaning check, then read the example lessons beneath it. You do not need to use every word in one conversation.

No.	Word or expression	Pronunciation (IPA)	简体中文	Mandarin pinyin
76	shuffle	/ˈʃəfəl/	拖步走	tuō bù zǒu
77	linger	/ˈlɪŋər/	逗留	dòu liú
78	Bavarian	/bəˈveəriən/	巴伐利亚的	bā fá lì yà de
79	town hall	/ˈtaʊn hɔːl/	市政厅	shì zhèng tīng
80	clock tower	/ˈklɒk taʊə/	钟楼	zhōng lóu
81	chime	/tʃaɪm/	钟声	zhōng shēng
82	market stall	/ˈmɑːkɪt stɔːl/	市场摊位	shì chǎng tān wèi
83	seasonal	/ˈsiːzənəl/	季节性的	jì jié xìng de
84	pretzel	/ˈpretsəl/	椒盐卷饼	jiāo yán juǎn bǐng
85	mustard	/ˈmʌstəd/	芥末酱	jiè mò jiàng
86	sausage	/ˈsɒsɪdʒ/	香肠	xiāng cháng
87	beer garden	/ˈbɪə ˌɡɑːdən/	啤酒花园	pí jiǔ huā yuán
88	non-alcoholic	/ˌnɒn ælkəˈhɒlɪk/	不含酒精的	bù hán jiǔ jīng de
89	dynasty	/ˈdɪnəsti/	王朝	wáng cháo
90	residence	/ˈrezɪdəns/	住所	zhù suǒ
91	treasury	/ˈtreʒəri/	珍宝馆	zhēn bǎo guǎn
92	ceremonial	/ˌserɪˈməʊniəl/	仪式用的	yí shì yòng de
93	onion dome	/ˈʌnjən dəʊm/	洋葱形穹顶	yáng cōng xíng qióng dǐng
94	landscape	/ˈlændskeɪp/	景观	jǐng guān
95	meadow	/ˈmedəʊ/	草地	cǎo dì
96	pavilion	/pəˈvɪliən/	亭阁	tíng gé
97	artwork	/ˈɑːtwɜːk/	艺术作品	yì shù zuò pǐn
98	masterpiece	/ˈmɑːstəpiːs/	杰作	jié zuò
99	engineering	/ˌendʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ/	工程技术	gōng chéng jì shù
100	regional train	/ˈriːdʒənəl treɪn/	区域列车	qū yù liè chē

Use these words in clear sentences

76. shuffle

Meaning: to walk with short sliding steps. 中文：拖步走 (tuō bù zǒu).

Say it: “Please do not shuffle across the polished floor.”

Use it well: Use “shuffle” for to walk with short sliding steps. In parks and travel-planning contexts, distinguish landscape feature, distance, route condition and action so a pleasant walk description remains practically useful.

77. linger

Meaning: to remain longer in a place. 中文：逗留 (dòu liú).

Say it: “We wanted to linger in the garden.”

Use it well: Use “linger” for to remain longer in a place. In parks and travel-planning contexts, distinguish landscape feature, distance, route condition and action so a pleasant walk description remains practically useful.

78. Bavarian

Meaning: relating to Bavaria, the German state containing Munich. 中文：巴伐利亚的 (bā fá lì yà de).

Say it: “We asked which dishes were Bavarian specialities.”

Use it well: Use “Bavarian” for relating to Bavaria, the German state containing Munich. Connect this Munich-specific term to a named square, market, palace, park, artwork, transport route or Bavarian food setting so the word stays grounded in place.

79. town hall

Meaning: a building used by local government. 中文：市政厅 (shì zhèng tīng).

Say it: “The New Town Hall faces Marienplatz.”

Use it well: Use “town hall” for a building used by local government. Connect this Munich-specific term to a named square, market, palace, park, artwork, transport route or Bavarian food setting so the word stays grounded in place.

80. clock tower

Meaning: a tower containing a prominent clock. 中文：钟楼 (zhōng lóu).

Say it: “We looked up at the clock tower before crossing the square.”

Use it well: Use “clock tower” for a tower containing a prominent clock. Connect this Munich-specific term to a named square, market, palace, park, artwork, transport route or Bavarian food setting so the word stays grounded in place.

81. chime

Meaning: the sound produced by bells. 中文：钟声 (zhōng shēng).

Say it: “We waited to hear the chime.”

Use it well: Use “chime” for the sound produced by bells. Connect this Munich-specific term to a named square, market, palace, park, artwork, transport route or Bavarian food setting so the word stays grounded in place.

82. market stall

Meaning: a small selling area within a market. 中文：市场摊位 (shì chǎng tān wèi).

Say it: “At a market stall, we asked the price per portion.”

Use it well: Use “market stall” for a small selling area within a market. Connect this Munich-specific term to a named square, market, palace, park, artwork, transport route or Bavarian food setting so the word stays grounded in place.

83. seasonal

Meaning: available or occurring at particular times of year. 中文：季节性的 (jì jié xìng de).

Say it: “Which vegetables are seasonal here?”

Use it well: Use “seasonal” for available or occurring at particular times of year. Connect this Munich-specific term to a named square, market, palace, park, artwork, transport route or Bavarian food setting so the word stays grounded in place.

84. pretzel

Meaning: a baked bread product traditionally shaped into a knot. 中文：椒盐卷饼 (jiāo yán juǎn bǐng).

Say it: “We bought a pretzel for a simple snack.”

Use it well: Use “pretzel” for a baked bread product traditionally shaped into a knot. Connect this Munich-specific term to a named square, market, palace, park, artwork, transport route or Bavarian food setting so the word stays grounded in place.

85. mustard

Meaning: a condiment made from mustard seeds. 中文：芥末酱 (jiè mò jiàng).

Say it: “Does the sausage come with sweet mustard?”

Use it well: Use “mustard” for a condiment made from mustard seeds. Connect this Munich-specific term to a named square, market, palace, park, artwork, transport route or Bavarian food setting so the word stays grounded in place.

86. sausage

Meaning: a food made from seasoned filling, usually in a casing. 中文：香肠 (xiāng cháng).

Say it: “What meat is used in this sausage?”

Use it well: Use “sausage” for a food made from seasoned filling, usually in a casing. Connect this Munich-specific term to a named square, market, palace, park, artwork, transport route or Bavarian food setting so the word stays grounded in place.

87. beer garden

Meaning: an outdoor area serving drinks and often food. 中文：啤酒花园 (pí jiǔ huā yuán).

Say it: “We chose a beer garden with food and non-alcoholic options.”

Use it well: A beer garden is an outdoor social eating and drinking venue. It can also offer food and non-alcoholic drinks; the name does not require alcohol consumption.

88. non-alcoholic

Meaning: described as containing no alcohol or a legally limited amount. 中文：不含酒精的 (bù hán jiǔ jīng de).

Say it: “Could you explain the non-alcoholic options?”

Use it well: Non-alcoholic describes a drink without alcohol or below a legal labelling threshold. Check the current label if exact alcohol content matters.

89. dynasty

Meaning: a sequence of rulers from the same family. 中文：王朝 (wáng cháo).

Say it: “The Residenz introduces the history of a ruling dynasty.”

Use it well: A dynasty is a sequence of rulers from the same family or house. It is a historical relationship, not one individual monarch.

90. residence

Meaning: a place where someone lives or historically lived. 中文：住所 (zhù suǒ).

Say it: “The palace served as a royal residence.”

Use it well: A residence is a place where a ruler or household lived or conducted court life. A palace complex can include administrative and ceremonial spaces as well.

91. treasury

Meaning: a place keeping valuable royal or institutional objects in this context. 中文：珍宝馆 (zhēn bǎo guǎn).

Say it: “Is the treasury included in this ticket?”

Use it well: A treasury is a collection or place holding valuable state, royal or ceremonial objects. It is not the same as every museum gallery.

92. ceremonial

Meaning: connected with formal ceremonies. 中文：仪式用的 (yí shì yòng de).

Say it: “We read about the ceremonial use of the room.”

Use it well: Ceremonial describes something used in formal ritual or official occasions. It does not mean the object lacked practical or political significance.

93. onion dome

Meaning: a roof form with a bulbous outline. 中文：洋葱形穹顶 (yáng cōng xíng qióng dǐng).

Say it: “We noticed the onion domes of the Frauenkirche towers.”

Use it well: An onion dome is a bulbous dome shape tapering to a point. It describes form, not a complete architectural style.

94. landscape

Meaning: the visible arrangement of land, vegetation and built features. 中文：景观 (jǐng guān).

Say it: “The English Garden gives us a different urban landscape.”

Use it well: Use “landscape” for the visible arrangement of land, vegetation and built features. Connect this Munich-specific term to a named square, market, palace, park, artwork, transport route or Bavarian food setting so the word stays grounded in place.

95. meadow

Meaning: an open area of grass, often with flowers. 中文：草地 (cǎo dì).

Say it: “We walked beside the meadow without blocking the path.”

Use it well: Use “meadow” for an open area of grass, often with flowers. Connect this Munich-specific term to a named square, market, palace, park, artwork, transport route or Bavarian food setting so the word stays grounded in place.

96. pavilion

Meaning: a separate building or sheltered structure within a larger setting. 中文：亭阁 (tíng gé).

Say it: “We used the pavilion as a landmark in the garden.”

Use it well: Use “pavilion” for a separate building or sheltered structure within a larger setting. Connect this Munich-specific term to a named square, market, palace, park, artwork, transport route or Bavarian food setting so the word stays grounded in place.

97. artwork

Meaning: an object or image created as art. 中文：艺术作品 (yì shù zuò pǐn).

Say it: “We chose one artwork to describe carefully.”

Use it well: Use “artwork” for an object or image created as art. Connect this Munich-specific term to a named square, market, palace, park, artwork, transport route or Bavarian food setting so the word stays grounded in place.

98. masterpiece

Meaning: a work considered exceptionally accomplished. 中文：杰作 (jié zuò).

Say it: “The guide explained why the painting is called a masterpiece.”

Use it well: Masterpiece is an evaluative term for an outstanding work. In factual writing, pair it with attribution, period and evidence rather than using it as the only description.

99. engineering

Meaning: the design and practical development of machines or structures. 中文：工程技术 (gōng chéng jì shù).

Say it: “A technology museum made engineering ideas easier to discuss.”

Use it well: Engineering applies scientific and mathematical principles to design and build systems. It is broader than one machine or museum demonstration.

100. regional train

Meaning: a train connecting places within a wider region. 中文：区域列车 (qū yù liè chē).

Say it: “Is our ticket valid on this regional train?”

Use it well: A regional train connects places within a wider area and may use different fare rules from local urban transport. Check ticket validity for the actual service.

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What to visit and understand in Munich

Begin at Marienplatz: public space before a checklist

Marienplatz is a useful starting point for understanding central Munich. The square puts civic architecture, walking routes and meeting places into one visible scene. Use town hall, clock tower, façade and public square to describe what you see. The New Town Hall gives a concrete example of civic space: a city’s government and public identity expressed through a building.

Before waiting for a clock performance, check the current schedule. A photograph or travel memory from another season is not a timetable. Agree on a meeting point that can be described precisely, such as a named entrance or the side of the square nearest your next destination. “We will meet in the square” leaves too much uncertainty when several people are looking in different directions.

The Residenz: royal life, government and material evidence

The Munich Residenz was the residence and seat of government of Bavaria’s Wittelsbach rulers. That makes it a place to connect dynasty, residence, ceremonial rooms and treasury. An ornate room is more interesting when you ask how it was used: receiving guests, displaying power, conducting formal business or preserving valuable objects. Separate the historical function from the visitor route you follow today.

The English word residence helps explain the German place name Residenz. It does not mean all rooms were private living quarters. Use the label and guide to establish which function belongs to which space. Ask whether a ticket includes the museum and treasury you intend to see. Read the current access information rather than assuming every part of the complex is covered by one admission.

The English Garden: landscape is something you can read

The English Garden changes the pace of a Munich day. Instead of moving from building to building, practise describing land, paths, meadows, trees and water. Landscape is a useful word because it includes the arrangement of these features. A park can look natural while still reflecting design, maintenance and choices about public use.

Try a short observation exercise: identify one path, one open grassy area and one built feature. Explain how people use each. A pavilion may serve as shelter or a landmark; a riverbank path may connect different parts of an outdoor route. Keep current safety notices and restrictions in view. Do not turn a photographed river feature into an assumption that entering the water or taking part in an activity is permitted.

Bavarian food: make the menu a conversation

Bavarian points to a regional identity within Germany. It is useful for asking about specialities without treating every German city as the same food destination. Pretzel, mustard, sausage and beer garden help you recognise familiar menu ideas. They also let you ask specific questions: “Is the mustard sweet?” and “What meat is used in the sausage?”

A beer garden can be a setting for food, conversation and outdoor time. Guests can ask about non-alcoholic drinks. If complete absence of alcohol matters, read the stated content rather than relying on a category label. At a market stall, clarify whether a displayed price is per item, per weight or per portion. That is travel English doing a real job: connecting a word to the quantity and conditions of the purchase.

Regional journeys: Munich is not the whole ticket area

A city itinerary and a regional day trip make different demands on planning. A ticket that works for one local journey may not cover the rail service, distance or airport connection you intend to use next. Learn to ask “Is this ticket valid on this service?” and show the exact destination. A general question about trains can receive an answer that is too broad.

Keep the route, timetable and fare conditions together. If you plan to visit outside Munich, allow for the return journey before filling the afternoon with attractions. A successful day is not the largest number of stops. It is a sequence you can explain, travel through and adjust comfortably. Use itinerary for the plan and connection for the service you must catch after another journey.

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English–Chinese conversation practice for Munich

Try these short exchanges aloud. One person asks, another answers, and a third checks whether the reply actually addresses the question. The replies below illustrate language use; actual staff, rules and services may be different. If a detail matters, ask again rather than filling the gap with a guess.

Ordering food

You: “Is this stew made with venison?”
中文：这道炖菜用的是鹿肉吗？

Practice reply: “Please check the ingredients before ordering.”
中文：请在点餐前核对食材。

At a science display

You: “Does this sensor measure voltage?”
中文：这个传感器测量电压吗？

Practice reply: “Read the label to identify the measured quantity.”
中文：请看标签，确认它测量的物理量。

Taking a quieter walk

You: “Does this footpath go uphill?”
中文：这条小路是上坡吗？

Practice reply: “The map shows the slope and the next turning.”
中文：地图上标出了坡度和下一个转弯。

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Turn Munich vocabulary into useful English

A lovely travel moment starts with noticing. Point to a real feature, name it and explain what you mean in one ordinary sentence. Then ask a question that lets you learn something new. If you are visiting with a child, let the child choose the object and question. Curiosity makes a much better starting point than a test of how many words someone remembers.

The Fencing Method: expand without losing meaning

Start with this sentence from the list: “Could you recommend a roast for lunch?” Identify its subject, verb and purpose. Now add one detail you have actually checked. You might explain which object you mean, why you are asking or what choice depends on the answer. Read the expanded sentence aloud. If it has become harder to understand, shorten it and rebuild.

Keep three kinds of statement separate: what you observed, what a reliable source explained and what you inferred. A view does not establish a building’s date. A food name does not confirm every ingredient. An attractive old-looking object is not automatically an original. Clear English helps you express curiosity while leaving space for uncertainty.

For the wider approach, explore eduKate’s Fencing Method and vocabulary synthesis.

Practise in a 90-minute session

Use ten minutes to recall five words without the Chinese column; fifteen minutes to repair two meaning confusions; twenty minutes for the bilingual exchanges above; a ten-minute break; twenty minutes to solve a new visitor situation; ten minutes to reflect on corrections; and five minutes to choose the next review task. That adds up to 90 minutes. In a three-person group, rotate traveller, helper and observer so everyone speaks and listens.

For the unfamiliar task, change one condition rather than merely repeat a script: the requested item is unavailable, the sign uses a different word, or the explanation is too fast. The traveller must choose a follow-up question. Ask for clarification politely, check the answer and say what you will do next. Successful communication is a conversation, not a memorised performance.

Write a Munich travel note

Choose three words from this guide and connect them to one place or experience. Write one sentence describing what you noticed, one explaining a checked fact and one reflecting on a question you still have. If you have not travelled, label the piece an imagined visit or a plan. Do not write an invented scene as a personal memory.

Read the note again a few days later. Can you explain each selected word without looking at the translation? Does the example still sound natural? Record one useful correction and try it aloud. You are building language you can retrieve, not merely a page you have copied. Leave room for a laugh, a pause and another good question.

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Frequently asked questions

Must I learn all 100 words?

No. Choose five that fit your next Munich activity. Use their examples, then add another small group when you have a reason to use it. The list includes words and useful expressions, not a compulsory exam syllabus.

Are these the same words as the other EU city guides?

No. Munich keeps its own protected set of 100 numbered headwords or expressions within the expanding EU branch. Familiar travel language can recur naturally in examples, but the numbered bank is built around Bavarian food, science and engineering, green space, civic heritage and regional travel.

Is this a local-language phrasebook?

It teaches English with simplified Chinese meanings and pinyin. Local names and cultural terms help you recognise what you are visiting, but this is not a substitute for local-language learning. Save original place names from official sources.

Does pinyin pronounce the English?

No. Pinyin represents the Mandarin translation. Use the IPA guide and an appropriate recording for the English or borrowed cultural term. Different accents and local-language forms can sound different.

Can I rely on examples for prices, access or safety?

No. Example questions practise communication. Check the official sources, current signs and staff guidance for your actual date and situation. For dietary requirements, ask about the complete ingredients and preparation rather than relying on a translated dish name.

How does this support school English?

The transferable habits are precise definitions, natural sentences, careful listening and honest factual writing. A student can use a travel observation to practise description and explanation; an adult can use the same word to ask a better question.

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Continue through the eduKate learning ecosystem

For your next learning step, visit the Vocabulary Learning Hub. The adult collocations guide helps turn isolated words into natural combinations such as booking confirmation, departure board and temporary exhibition. The adult vocabulary review guide supports practice after the first reading.

For the wider country context, continue to the Germany travel vocabulary guide. Its country overview complements the particular Munich situations taught here.

A trip also offers questions for Mathematics and Science: compare prices only after checking currencies and quantities; estimate realistic travel time; describe how bridges, water routes or museum objects work. Follow the eduKate learning hubs for the subject route that matches your question.

Families seeking teaching support can explore eduKate Singapore. The wider estate includes eduKatePunggol, eduKateSengkang, BukitTimahTutor and eduKateOrchard. Choose a relevant learning route and check the current information directly with the centre.

Official sources for your visit

The city and transport information was checked for this guide on 2 October 2026. The vocabulary selection and practice examples are eduKate teaching material. Use these official sources for the specific history and visitor arrangements; consult the live pages again before travel.

Munich’s sights

Marienplatz

The Residenz

The English Garden

Enjoy Munich one clear conversation at a time. Learn a word, ask a useful question and give yourself time to notice the answer. That is how a vocabulary list becomes a day you can understand, share and remember.

For further pronunciation listening, use Cambridge Dictionary or Collins Dictionary. Definitions and example sentences in this guide are eduKate teaching material; local food and cultural terms may need local recordings as well.