Canonical title:
Civilisation Atlas Chronology | North America — Southwest / West / Plains | Deep Substrate–9 August 2026

SPECIFICATION: CIVATLAS.CHRONOLOGY.SPEC.V1.0
REGIONAL_RUNTIME: CIVATLAS.REGIONAL.RUNTIME.V3.2
ROOT_INTEGRITY_PATCH: CIVATLAS.REALITY_CONTINUUM.RUNTIME.V3.3
PUBLIC_ARTICLE_PROFILE: ATLAS-ARTICLE-RUNTIME.V4.1-PROVISIONAL
SPECIFICATION_STATUS: CANONICAL_WORKING_STANDARD
RELEASE_STATUS: FROZEN_VALIDATED_WORKING_MASTER
PARENT_CLOCK: CIVATLAS.CHRONOLOGY.WORLD.MASTER.V1.1
COVERAGE_OBJECT: 52 OF 60
LEGACY_EDITORIAL_QUEUE_LABEL: 51 IN EARLIER DRAFT LIST; RETAINED AS PROVENANCE ONLY
CANONICAL_OBJECT_ID: CIVATLAS.CHRONOLOGY.REGION.NORTH_AMERICA_SOUTHWEST_WEST_PLAINS
MACHINE_ID: CIVATLAS.CHRONOLOGY.REGION.NORTH_AMERICA_SOUTHWEST_WEST_PLAINS.RUNTIME.V3.2
RECORD_NAMESPACE: CA.NASWP
SOURCE_NAMESPACE: NASWP.S
GRAPH_NAMESPACE: NASWP.G
CONNECTOR_NAMESPACE: NASWP.C
TRACK_NAMESPACE: NASWP.T
UNCERTAINTY_NAMESPACE: NASWP.U
INVARIANT_NAMESPACE: NASWP.I
ARCHITECTURE_DELTA_NAMESPACE: NASWP.AD
VERSION: 3.2
CUT_OFF_DATE: 9 AUGUST 2026
RETRIEVAL_FREEZE: 2026-08-09T00:53:00+08:00
TIMEZONE: ASIA/SINGAPORE (+08:00)
FORMAT: UTF-8 PLAIN TEXT; DETERMINISTIC MACHINE-READABLE FIELD BLOCKS
CANONICAL_FILENAME: NORTH_AMERICA_SOUTHWEST_WEST_PLAINS_CHRONOLOGY_MASTER_RUNTIME_V3.2.txt
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH
LICENCE_STATUS: RESEARCH SCAFFOLD; SOURCE RIGHTS REMAIN WITH CITED HOLDERS

OBJECT_QUEUE:
PREVIOUS: OBJECT 51 — NORTH AMERICA — EASTERN WOODLANDS / MISSISSIPPI
CURRENT: OBJECT 52 — NORTH AMERICA — SOUTHWEST / WEST / PLAINS
NEXT: OBJECT 53 — MESOAMERICA

RUNTIME VERSION RULE
Regional Runtime V3.2 remains the executing machine layer. Reality Continuum V3.3 is inherited only
as the root-integrity patch. Public Article Runtime V4.1-PROVISIONAL is a reader-facing publishing
profile and does not mutate the canonical chronology engine. No false Regional Runtime V3.3/V4 label
is created.

PRINCIPAL OBJECT RULING
THIS IS A TEMPORARY FEDERATED OBJECT, NOT ONE CIVILISATION, ONE CULTURE AREA OR ONE WESTERN PEOPLE.
It intentionally holds several high-level systems until resolution justifies fission. Every record carries
an FISSION_GROUP so later Southwest, Plains, Great Basin, Northwest Coast and California child objects can
separate without rewriting event IDs or pretending their histories were ever identical.

========================================================================================================
00 | LATEST CROSS-BRANCH INHERITANCE RECEIPT

CANONICAL INHERITANCE
CIVATLAS.REALITY_CONTINUUM.RUNTIME.V3.3 -> nested clocks; typed relations/flows; root-integrity laws
CIVATLAS.REGIONAL.RUNTIME.V3.2 -> protected regional fields; eight organs; six observers; CAT; repair
CIVATLAS.CHRONOLOGY.WORLD.MASTER.V1.1 -> W000–W068 parent clock and canonical Object 52 registry
CIVATLAS.SUBSTRATE_ATLAS.LATEST -> nine active-substrate receipts and owner burden
CIVILISATION POWER PLANT / GENERATOR -> capability creation/conversion language, downstream only
ENDIST -> routing, friction, interface, buffer, loss and harmful-return analysis, downstream only
CIVOS DASHBOARD -> S/M/G/C/R/P/U state compression, downstream only
WAREHOUSE -> persistent evidence/decision memory, downstream only

V3.3 ROOT PATCH RECEIPTS
TEMPORAL_FORM != BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY.
RELATION_TYPE != ATTESTATION.
MATERIAL_TRANSFER, ENERGY_CONVERSION, PROCESS_SUCCESSION, FUNCTIONAL_HOST_MIGRATION,
INFORMATION_TRANSFER, PERSON_MOVEMENT, CAPITAL_TRANSFER and restricted AGENT_FLUX stay distinct.
INTEGRATION_NON_IDENTITY; FUNCTIONAL_PORTABILITY; TRUE_REVERSE_HYDRA; claim-level evidence edges;
V1–V5 validation; nested clocks; Active Substrate Receipts; domain separation.

LATEST AUGUST 2026 FORWARD-COMPATIBILITY RECEIPTS — APPEND ONLY
NASWP.AD001 | CAUSAL_GATE — no consequential causal claim (especially “drought caused collapse”)
without temporal fit, mechanism, competing causes, receiver evidence and falsifier.
NASWP.AD002 | DECISION_RESOLUTION — use the minimum resolution needed to make a correct claim;
preserve unresolved micro-detail instead of fabricating precision.
NASWP.AD003 | UNIVERSAL_GRAMMAR_NOT_COEFFICIENTS — comparative forms travel; coefficients do not.
NASWP.AD004 | INTERFACE_PROCESSORS — canal headworks, storage, horse herds, canoe systems, markets,
mission institutions and modern legal interfaces actively transform throughput; they are not pipes.
NASWP.AD005 | COUPLING_MAP — local optimisation may export burdens to other peoples, basins or ecologies.
NASWP.AD006 | ADAPTATION_FIELD / ECU ANALOGY — Sense -> State Estimate -> Re-map configuration -> Act ->
Learn is an analytical lens for adaptive systems, never a claim of centralized historical cognition.
NASWP.AD007 | TUBE / BERNOULLI ANALOGY FIREWALL — bottleneck, pressure, velocity, storage and loss may
illuminate flows only where variables have defensible domain meanings; no fake physics coefficients.
NASWP.AD008 | EVIDENCE_SOVEREIGNTY — consent, custody, oral authority, repatriation and data control are
part of evidence quality, not external ethics footnotes.
NASWP.AD009 | FISSION_READY_FEDERATION — child-object split changes resolution, not historical ownership.
NASWP.AD010 | CURRENT_FUTURE_BOUNDARY — announcement/funding/recognition is never silently promoted to
operating/measured/verified repair.

========================================================================================================
01 | SCOPE, FISSION MAP, NAMES AND NON-COLLAPSE

BOUNDARY CONTRACT
PRIMARY FEDERATION: Greater Southwest / Oasisamerica northern interface; Colorado Plateau; Sonoran Desert;
Great Basin and intermountain West; Great Plains/Prairies where this object owns the western/mobility field;
Pacific Northwest Coast; California cultural/ecological networks.
DEEP TIME: coastlines, lakes, rivers, grasslands and ecological zones follow the evidence clock, not modern maps.
MODERN: present U.S., Canadian and Mexican borders are dated legal-control layers, never projected backwards.

FISSION_GROUPS (future child objects)
FG01 PUEBLO / COLORADO_PLATEAU / RIO_GRANDE
FG02 HUHUGAM_HOHOKAM / SONORAN_DESERT
FG03 MOGOLLON_MIMBRES_JORNADA / SOUTHERN_HIGHLANDS
FG04 FREMONT_GREAT_BASIN_INTERMOUNTAIN
FG05 GREAT_PLAINS_PRAIRIES
FG06 NORTHWEST_COAST
FG07 CALIFORNIA_NETWORKS
FG08 COLONIAL_SETTLER_OVERLAYS (connector/overlay candidate, not territorial civilisation)

CATEGORY FIREWALL
ARCHAEOLOGICAL_ASSEMBLAGE != LANGUAGE != ETHNONYM != PEOPLE != NATION != POLITY != LIVING_IDENTITY.
HOHOKAM (archaeological shorthand) != HUHUGAM (O’odham ancestral term), though evidence can relate them.
MOGOLLON and FREMONT are archaeological categories, not demonstrated self-names.
ANCESTRAL_PUEBLO is a broad archaeological/genealogical term; living Pueblo nations possess their own names,
histories and knowledge boundaries. “ANASAZI” is retained only when discussing terminology/history of research.
PLACE_CONTINUITY != POPULATION_CONTINUITY != POLITICAL_CONTINUITY.
CONTACT != CONSENT. TRADE != BENEFIT. INFRASTRUCTURE != NET_CAPABILITY_GAIN.

ARCHITECTURAL WARNING
Do not write this as a ladder from “hunter-gatherer” -> farmer -> village -> Chaco -> collapse -> modern America.
The object contains several successful configurations at once: canal agriculture, dry/floodwater farming,
mixed Great-Basin farming/foraging, bison mobility, salmon/cedar storage systems, and California managed-wild
resources/trade. Their coexistence is the point of the object.

========================================================================================================
02 | CLOCKS, EVIDENCE AND LIVE-TAIL CONTRACT

PARENT CLOCK: W000–W068 from World Master V1.1.
PARENT CUT-OFF: 28 JULY 2026.
CHILD LIVE-TAIL DELTA: 29 JULY–9 AUGUST 2026 is preserved inside W068_CHILD_EXTENSION; no W069 is invented.
RECONCILIATION DEBT: OPEN until the next World Master release.

NESTED CLOCKS
PLANETARY_TIME -> GEOLOGICAL_TIME -> ECOLOGICAL_TIME.
HUMAN_DEEP_TIME; ARCHAEOLOGICAL_TIME; ORAL_TRADITION_TIME; DENDROCHRONOLOGICAL_TIME;
RADIOCARBON_TIME; COLONIAL_ARCHIVE_TIME; TRIBAL_GOVERNANCE_TIME; LEGAL_TIME; MUSEUM_CUSTODY_TIME;
GENOMIC_EVIDENCE_TIME; RESTORATION_TIME; LIVE_CONTROL_TIME remain interoperable but non-identical.

EVIDENCE-TIME RULE
A horse may be present decades before a colonial writer reports it. A 23,000-year-old footprint can be newly
dated in the twenty-first century. A living community may preserve a relationship orally that archaeology only
later learns to test. Publication date never replaces event date.

CLAIM LADDER
PROPOSED -> ANNOUNCED -> FUNDED -> PERMITTED -> UNDER_CONSTRUCTION -> OPERATING -> MEASURED ->
INDEPENDENTLY_VERIFIED. Legal recognition and research publication each have their own achieved-state clocks.

========================================================================================================
03 | MACHINE CONTRACT — PROTECTED RECORD GRAMMAR

TRANSFORMATION GRAMMAR
BEFORE_STATE -> TRANSFORMATION -> AFTER_STATE -> RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE.

MANDATORY RECORD FIELDS
ID; FISSION_GROUP; TIME; TITLE; PLACE; ENTITY_TYPE; EVENT; TEMPORAL_FORM; BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY;
WORLD_BANDS; BEFORE_STATE; TRANSFORMATION; AFTER_STATE; RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE; DOMAINS; FLOW;
RELATION_TYPE; ATTESTATION; CLAIM_STATUS; UNCERTAINTY; SOURCE_KEYS; GRAPH_SEEDS; RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK.

EIGHT ORGANS
FLOOR | BODY | FLOW | MEMORY | SENSOR | CONTROL | REPAIR | EDGE.
SIX OBSERVERS
SKY | STRATEGIST | GENERAL | ENGINEER | RECEIVER | NOBODY.

HUMAN AUTHORITY
Machine classification never overrides affected community authority over living identity, sacred knowledge,
ancestors, consent, custody or data. Scientific evidence can constrain factual claims but does not manufacture
political title or erase oral/legal authority.

========================================================================================================
04 | ACTIVE SUBSTRATE — LAND, SKY, WATER, PLANT, ANIMAL AND ECOLOGY

CA.NASWP.000001 | deep geological time | TECTONIC AND OROGRAPHIC WEST
FISSION_GROUP: FG00_SHARED_SUBSTRATE
PLACE: western North America
ENTITY_TYPE: ACTIVE_SUBSTRATE
EVENT: Cordilleran uplift, basins, plateaus, volcanic provinces and coastal margins create strongly differentiated operating terrain.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Changing crustal and ocean-margin geometry.
TRANSFORMATION: Tectonics, uplift, erosion and volcanism assemble mountains, plateaus, basins and coasts.
AFTER_STATE: A mosaic of high relief, rain shadows, river basins and resource zones exists before human settlement.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Later routes, water access, soil, stone, metals and settlement possibilities inherit this geometry without being determined by it.
DOMAINS: GEOLOGY | GEOGRAPHY | MATERIAL
FLOW: ENERGY_CONVERSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: GEOLOGICAL_SYNTHESIS
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; this object receives rather than owns continental geology.
SOURCE_KEYS: S034
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G001
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000002 | Pleistocene | PLUVIAL LAKES AND DESERT BASINS
FISSION_GROUP: FG00_SHARED_SUBSTRATE
PLACE: Great Basin and Southwest
ENTITY_TYPE: HYDROCLIMATE_SYSTEM
EVENT: Cooler/wetter Pleistocene intervals fill lakes and wetlands in basins later much drier.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Basin topography with changing glacial climate.
TRANSFORMATION: Precipitation/evaporation balance shifts and lakes expand or contract.
AFTER_STATE: Wetland and lakeshore resource corridors appear and later retreat.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Human movement and archaeological preservation follow changing water, not modern desert appearance.
DOMAINS: WATER | CLIMATE | ECOLOGY
FLOW: ENERGY_CONVERSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: PALEOENVIRONMENTAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: B; basin histories differ.
SOURCE_KEYS: S001,S002,S034
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G002
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000003 | late Pleistocene–Holocene | COLORADO RIVER SYSTEM
FISSION_GROUP: FG00_SHARED_SUBSTRATE
PLACE: Colorado Plateau / Basin and Range
ENTITY_TYPE: RIVER_SYSTEM
EVENT: Colorado River and tributaries cut and connect dry landscapes while flow varies over long climate clocks.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Uplifted plateau and drainage networks.
TRANSFORMATION: Runoff, incision, sediment transport and climatic variability shape river corridors.
AFTER_STATE: Riparian corridors and deeply incised canyons structure movement and water access.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Later farms, canals, dams and legal allocation systems inherit the same finite and variable hydrological field.
DOMAINS: WATER | GEOGRAPHY | ECOLOGY
FLOW: MATERIAL_TRANSFER
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: GEOMORPHIC_SYNTHESIS
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: B; chronology simplified at object scale.
SOURCE_KEYS: S028
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G003
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000004 | Holocene | SALT AND GILA RIVER DESERT CORRIDORS
FISSION_GROUP: FG00_SHARED_SUBSTRATE
PLACE: Sonoran Desert
ENTITY_TYPE: RIVER_SYSTEM
EVENT: Intermittent and perennial river reaches concentrate water and alluvium inside an arid basin.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Arid lowland with spatially concentrated water.
TRANSFORMATION: Floods renew soils while river gradients permit diversion.
AFTER_STATE: River valleys become high-value agricultural and settlement corridors.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Irrigation capability later depends on collective construction, scheduling, silt management and water-sharing.
DOMAINS: WATER | FOOD | SETTLEMENT
FLOW: MATERIAL_TRANSFER
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL_ENVIRONMENTAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B.
SOURCE_KEYS: S010,S011,S031
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G004
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000005 | Holocene | GRASSLAND–BISON FIELD
FISSION_GROUP: FG00_SHARED_SUBSTRATE
PLACE: Great Plains
ENTITY_TYPE: ECOLOGICAL_SYSTEM
EVENT: Grasslands, fire, climate, grazing and bison interact across a continental-scale mobile food field.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Postglacial plains ecosystems reorganize.
TRANSFORMATION: Grassland succession and large-herbivore dynamics create moving concentrations of biomass.
AFTER_STATE: Bison become a keystone ecological and cultural relationship for many Plains peoples.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Mobility, hunting, diplomacy and later horse adoption operate through a living moving resource rather than a fixed farm field.
DOMAINS: ANIMAL | ECOLOGY | FOOD | MOBILITY
FLOW: AGENT_FLUX
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ECOLOGICAL_HISTORICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; Plains peoples and local ecologies are diverse.
SOURCE_KEYS: S018,S019
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G005
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000006 | Holocene | SALMON–CEDAR–MARINE COAST
FISSION_GROUP: FG00_SHARED_SUBSTRATE
PLACE: Northwest Coast
ENTITY_TYPE: ECOLOGICAL_SYSTEM
EVENT: Pacific marine productivity, salmon runs, estuaries and cedar forests form dense but seasonal resource fields.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Postglacial coastlines and watersheds stabilize unevenly.
TRANSFORMATION: Marine/river cycles and forest succession create recurring high-productivity zones.
AFTER_STATE: Storage, woodworking, fishing and transport can support large settled communities without cereal agriculture.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: This becomes a key falsifier of any civilisation model equating complexity with farming alone.
DOMAINS: WATER | ANIMAL | PLANT | STORAGE | SETTLEMENT
FLOW: AGENT_FLUX
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL_ETHNOGRAPHIC
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; no single Northwest Coast configuration.
SOURCE_KEYS: S020,S021,S043
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G006
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000007 | Holocene | CALIFORNIA MEDITERRANEAN AND OAK LANDSCAPES
FISSION_GROUP: FG00_SHARED_SUBSTRATE
PLACE: California
ENTITY_TYPE: ECOLOGICAL_SYSTEM
EVENT: Seasonal rainfall, oak woodlands, grasslands, rivers, coast and marine zones create many local food mosaics.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Postglacial ecological zones shift toward Holocene patterns.
TRANSFORMATION: Fire, climate, plant succession and human management interact.
AFTER_STATE: Acorn, seed, fish, shellfish and game economies can support dense regional networks.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Cultural burning and plant management become active infrastructure rather than scenery.
DOMAINS: PLANT | FIRE | FOOD | ECOLOGY
FLOW: ENERGY_CONVERSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ECOLOGICAL_ETHNOHISTORIC
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: B; practices vary by nation and place.
SOURCE_KEYS: S025,S026,S044,S045,S046
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G007
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

========================================================================================================
05 | HUMAN DEEP TIME AND EVIDENCE-TIME FIREWALL

CA.NASWP.000008 | c. 23,000–21,000 years ago | WHITE SANDS HUMAN FOOTPRINTS
FISSION_GROUP: FG00_SHARED_DEEP_TIME
PLACE: Tularosa Basin, New Mexico
ENTITY_TYPE: HUMAN_PRESENCE
EVENT: Human footprints occur beside late-Pleistocene wetland ecosystems at White Sands.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Lake Otero basin supports wetland habitats and megafauna.
TRANSFORMATION: People move across wet ground; tracks are buried and preserved.
AFTER_STATE: Direct trace fossils document human presence far earlier than the old Clovis-first chronology.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: The date reopens route and population-history questions but does not identify later named peoples or political title.
DOMAINS: HUMAN_AGENT | MOBILITY | EVIDENCE
FLOW: PERSON_MOVEMENT
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: TRACE_FOSSIL | RADIOCARBON | OSL
CLAIM_STATUS: DOCUMENTED_SCIENTIFIC
UNCERTAINTY: A for footprint age range; ancestry relationship to later communities not directly resolved.
SOURCE_KEYS: S001,S002
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G008
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000009 | late Pleistocene | EARLY WESTERN HUMAN LANDSCAPES
FISSION_GROUP: FG00_SHARED_DEEP_TIME
PLACE: western North America
ENTITY_TYPE: MOBILITY_SYSTEM
EVENT: Multiple late-Pleistocene occupations occur across changing coasts, basins, rivers and interior corridors.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: People are already present in parts of the continent.
TRANSFORMATION: Mobility follows diverse ecological opportunities through time.
AFTER_STATE: Archaeological evidence accumulates as a mosaic rather than one migration line.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: No single tool tradition, site or genetic sample can stand for all Indigenous ancestry.
DOMAINS: MOBILITY | ECOLOGY | EVIDENCE
FLOW: PERSON_MOVEMENT
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL | SCIENTIFIC
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: B; route and demographic models remain active research.
SOURCE_KEYS: S001,S002
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G009
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000010 | c. 13,000–11,000 years ago | PALEOINDIAN TOOL AND HUNTING SYSTEMS
FISSION_GROUP: FG00_SHARED_DEEP_TIME
PLACE: Plains, Rockies, Southwest and West
ENTITY_TYPE: TECHNOLOGY_SYSTEM
EVENT: Distinctive projectile-point traditions occur within mobile lifeways during terminal Pleistocene ecological change.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Late-Pleistocene people use varied local toolkits.
TRANSFORMATION: Stone technologies, hunting and mobility strategies change with prey and landscapes.
AFTER_STATE: Clovis-, Folsom- and other archaeological complexes become visible.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Tool style remains an archaeological classifier, not a language or ethnicity certificate.
DOMAINS: TECHNOLOGY | FOOD | MOBILITY
FLOW: INFORMATION_TRANSFER
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: B; broad object-level synthesis.
SOURCE_KEYS: S001,S034
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G010
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000011 | early–middle Holocene | HOLOCENE REGIONALISATION
FISSION_GROUP: FG00_SHARED_DEEP_TIME
PLACE: Southwest, Great Basin, Plains, Pacific Coast
ENTITY_TYPE: REGIONAL_SYSTEM
EVENT: Postglacial warming and drying produce increasingly differentiated local subsistence and mobility strategies.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Terminal-Pleistocene ecological transition.
TRANSFORMATION: Water, plant, animal and coastline distributions shift.
AFTER_STATE: Foraging, fishing, seed processing, hunting and storage systems regionalize.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: The future object already contains multiple adaptations rather than one westward civilisation track.
DOMAINS: FOOD | ECOLOGY | MOBILITY
FLOW: PROCESS_SUCCESSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL | PALEOENVIRONMENTAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: B.
SOURCE_KEYS: S034,S044,S045
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G011
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000012 | Holocene | ROCK ART AS MEMORY WITHOUT SIMPLE TRANSLATION
FISSION_GROUP: FG00_SHARED_DEEP_TIME
PLACE: Great Basin, Colorado Plateau, Southwest and West
ENTITY_TYPE: INFORMATION_SYSTEM
EVENT: Petroglyphs and pictographs preserve marks, narratives and ritual landscapes whose meanings are not reducible to one archaeological reading.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: People inhabit and revisit significant places.
TRANSFORMATION: Images are made on rock surfaces through many periods.
AFTER_STATE: Durable visual records enter both Indigenous memory and archaeological study.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Interpretation must retain community knowledge, chronology and uncertainty rather than turn imagery into universal symbols.
DOMAINS: MEMORY | ART | PLACE
FLOW: INFORMATION_TRANSFER
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL | ORAL_TRADITION
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: B/C; meanings and dates often locally uncertain.
SOURCE_KEYS: S014,S015,S036
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G012
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

========================================================================================================
06 | FOOD, WATER, STORAGE AND LANDSCAPE ENGINEERING

CA.NASWP.000013 | by c. 2100 BCE | MAIZE PRESENT IN GREATER SOUTHWEST
FISSION_GROUP: FG00_SHARED_FOOD_WATER
PLACE: Greater Southwest
ENTITY_TYPE: FOOD_SYSTEM
EVENT: Directly dated maize demonstrates cultivation in the Southwest by roughly the late third millennium BCE.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Foraging economies already exploit diverse local foods.
TRANSFORMATION: Maize and cultivation knowledge move north from Mesoamerican domestication histories through still-debated pathways.
AFTER_STATE: Cultivation joins rather than instantly replaces hunting, gathering and wild-plant management.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Agricultural adoption becomes a long recombination process; crop transfer is not population identity transfer.
DOMAINS: FOOD | PLANT | TRANSMISSION
FLOW: MATERIAL_TRANSFER
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL | RADIOCARBON
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; routes and social mechanisms remain debated.
SOURCE_KEYS: S030
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G013
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000014 | c. 1500 BCE onward | EARLY IRRIGATION CANALS
FISSION_GROUP: FG00_SHARED_FOOD_WATER
PLACE: Santa Cruz and Sonoran Desert valleys
ENTITY_TYPE: WATER_INFRASTRUCTURE
EVENT: Early canals demonstrate deliberate diversion before the classic Hohokam archaeological horizon.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Cultivation faces arid and variable rainfall.
TRANSFORMATION: Communities excavate, maintain and schedule diverted river water.
AFTER_STATE: Irrigated agriculture expands local carrying possibilities.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Canals create coordination benefits and maintenance debt; later Hohokam-scale systems have deeper roots.
DOMAINS: WATER | FOOD | LABOUR | COORDINATION
FLOW: MATERIAL_TRANSFER
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B.
SOURCE_KEYS: S010,S030
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G014
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000015 | 1st millennium BCE–1st millennium CE | MAIZE-BEAN-SQUASH PACKAGES RECOMBINE
FISSION_GROUP: FG00_SHARED_FOOD_WATER
PLACE: Southwest and adjacent regions
ENTITY_TYPE: FOOD_SYSTEM
EVENT: Cultivation becomes increasingly important in several western regions while wild resources remain essential.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Mixed mobile and semi-sedentary economies.
TRANSFORMATION: Crop combinations, storage, land use and settlement schedules change at different rates.
AFTER_STATE: Some communities become more sedentary and storage-dependent.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Food packages do not arrive as one indivisible technology or create one social form.
DOMAINS: FOOD | STORAGE | SETTLEMENT
FLOW: MATERIAL_TRANSFER
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL | BOTANICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: B.
SOURCE_KEYS: S028,S030
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G015
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000016 | c. 300–1300 CE | FREMONT MIXED FARMING-FORAGING
FISSION_GROUP: FG00_SHARED_FOOD_WATER
PLACE: Utah and adjacent Great Basin/Colorado Plateau
ENTITY_TYPE: FOOD_SYSTEM
EVENT: Fremont-associated communities cultivate maize, beans and squash while hunting and gathering wild foods.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Great Basin and plateau communities use flexible seasonal resources.
TRANSFORMATION: Village storage and cultivation are added without eliminating wild-resource dependence.
AFTER_STATE: A mixed economic configuration supports pithouse villages in some locations.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Later mobility change cannot be described as a simple fall from agriculture to foraging.
DOMAINS: FOOD | MOBILITY | STORAGE
FLOW: PROCESS_SUCCESSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B.
SOURCE_KEYS: S014,S015
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G016
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000017 | centuries before European contact | NORTHWEST COAST STORAGE ECONOMIES
FISSION_GROUP: FG00_SHARED_FOOD_WATER
PLACE: Pacific Northwest Coast
ENTITY_TYPE: STORAGE_SYSTEM
EVENT: Fishing, preservation and storage convert seasonal salmon and marine abundance into year-round household capability.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Marine resources arrive in pulses and vary spatially.
TRANSFORMATION: Harvest, drying/smoking, storage, boats and tenure systems coordinate seasonal abundance.
AFTER_STATE: Large settled communities and differentiated households can persist without cereal fields.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Civilisational complexity is decoupled from an agriculture-only ladder.
DOMAINS: FOOD | STORAGE | HOUSEHOLD | GOVERNANCE
FLOW: ENERGY_CONVERSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL | ETHNOGRAPHIC
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; strongly regional.
SOURCE_KEYS: S020,S021,S043
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G017
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000018 | pre-contact–present | CALIFORNIA CULTURAL FIRE AND PLANT MANAGEMENT
FISSION_GROUP: FG00_SHARED_FOOD_WATER
PLACE: California
ENTITY_TYPE: ECOLOGICAL_INFRASTRUCTURE
EVENT: Indigenous burning and tending alter plant succession, access, habitat and harvest conditions for cultural goals.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Fire-prone landscapes change under climate and ecological succession.
TRANSFORMATION: Low-intensity cultural burning and other tending practices are applied under local knowledge and authority.
AFTER_STATE: Landscape productivity and biodiversity are actively managed in many places.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Suppression of these practices can export fuel and ecological debt; modern law is beginning to re-enable them.
DOMAINS: FIRE | PLANT | ECOLOGY | KNOWLEDGE
FLOW: ENERGY_CONVERSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ETHNOHISTORIC | LEGAL | CURRENT_PROGRAM
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A for current legal definition/projects; deep histories are nation-specific.
SOURCE_KEYS: S025,S026
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G018
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

========================================================================================================
07 | SOUTHWEST — PUEBLO, HUHUGAM/HOHOKAM, MOGOLLON, FREMONT AND CHACO

CA.NASWP.000019 | c. 1–500 CE | BASKETMAKER–PUEBLO TRANSITIONS
FISSION_GROUP: FG01_FG04_SOUTHWEST
PLACE: Colorado Plateau / northern Southwest
ENTITY_TYPE: SETTLEMENT_SYSTEM
EVENT: Cultivation, storage, pithouses, basketry and changing ritual architecture reorganize community life.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Mixed cultivation and mobility.
TRANSFORMATION: Settlement duration, storage, pottery and architecture change unevenly.
AFTER_STATE: More durable village systems emerge in many places.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: The archaeological sequence is a classification tool, not a claim that one uniform people marched through fixed stages.
DOMAINS: SETTLEMENT | FOOD | CRAFT
FLOW: PROCESS_SUCCESSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: B.
SOURCE_KEYS: S028
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G019
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000020 | c. 400–1450 CE | HOHOKAM ARCHAEOLOGICAL HORIZON
FISSION_GROUP: FG01_FG04_SOUTHWEST
PLACE: Sonoran Desert
ENTITY_TYPE: ARCHAEOLOGICAL_TRADITION
EVENT: Archaeologists identify a suite of material traits conventionally called Hohokam across southern/central Arizona.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Earlier Sonoran communities already farm and irrigate.
TRANSFORMATION: Canal irrigation, red-on-buff ceramics, village plans, ballcourts and later platform mounds form patterned assemblages.
AFTER_STATE: A broad archaeological horizon becomes visible.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Hohokam is not one demonstrated ethnicity; O’odham Huhugam ancestry and terminology must remain separately respected.
DOMAINS: ARCHAEOLOGY | WATER | CRAFT | IDENTITY_FIREWALL
FLOW: PROCESS_SUCCESSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL | INDIGENOUS_KNOWLEDGE
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A for material horizon; identity mapping requires community-specific evidence.
SOURCE_KEYS: S010,S011
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G020
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000021 | c. 500–1100 CE | HOHOKAM VILLAGE AND BALLCOURT NETWORKS
FISSION_GROUP: FG01_FG04_SOUTHWEST
PLACE: Gila, Salt and Santa Cruz basins
ENTITY_TYPE: NETWORK_SYSTEM
EVENT: Large villages combine courtyard groups, canal farming and public ballcourts.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Irrigation villages expand.
TRANSFORMATION: Public architecture and exchange networks intensify coordination across settlements.
AFTER_STATE: Regional interaction becomes materially visible.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Ballcourt similarity with Mesoamerica shows interaction possibilities, not identity or direct political rule.
DOMAINS: SETTLEMENT | EXCHANGE | PUBLIC_ARCHITECTURE
FLOW: INFORMATION_TRANSFER
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: B.
SOURCE_KEYS: S011
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G021
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000022 | c. 700–1450 CE | SALT–GILA CANAL SCALE-UP
FISSION_GROUP: FG01_FG04_SOUTHWEST
PLACE: Phoenix basin and lower Gila
ENTITY_TYPE: WATER_INFRASTRUCTURE
EVENT: Canal networks reach very large scales, some individual canals extending more than 20 miles.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: River-valley cultivation depends on local diversions.
TRANSFORMATION: Labour, gradients, headgates, maintenance and scheduling coordinate long-distance water delivery.
AFTER_STATE: Hundreds of miles of documented canals support large agricultural populations.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Interface capacity becomes a bottleneck: silt, flood, conflict or coordination failure can degrade throughput without implying cultural disappearance.
DOMAINS: WATER | LABOUR | COORDINATION | EN_DIST
FLOW: MATERIAL_TRANSFER
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B.
SOURCE_KEYS: S010,S011,S031
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G022
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000023 | c. 1150–1450 CE | HOHOKAM CLASSIC-PERIOD RECONFIGURATION
FISSION_GROUP: FG01_FG04_SOUTHWEST
PLACE: Sonoran Desert
ENTITY_TYPE: POLITICAL_SETTLEMENT_SYSTEM
EVENT: Platform mounds, compounds and settlement reorganization follow earlier ballcourt-centered patterns.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Pre-Classic village networks operate through canals and ballcourts.
TRANSFORMATION: Public architecture, settlement concentration and regional relationships change.
AFTER_STATE: Classic-period material configurations emerge and later cease to reproduce in the same form.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Material discontinuity is not evidence that O’odham ancestors vanished; functions may migrate, recombine or become archaeologically less visible.
DOMAINS: SETTLEMENT | GOVERNANCE | MEMORY
FLOW: FUNCTIONAL_HOST_MIGRATION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL | INDIGENOUS_KNOWLEDGE
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B.
SOURCE_KEYS: S010,S011
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G023
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000024 | c. 200–1450 CE | MOGOLLON REGIONAL TRADITIONS
FISSION_GROUP: FG01_FG04_SOUTHWEST
PLACE: Arizona–New Mexico–Texas–Sonora–Chihuahua highlands
ENTITY_TYPE: ARCHAEOLOGICAL_TRADITION
EVENT: Archaeologists distinguish Mogollon-related pithouse, pottery and later pueblo traditions across multiple branches.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Local highland and riverine communities adapt to varied elevations.
TRANSFORMATION: Architecture, ceramics, farming and exchange develop distinct regional patterns.
AFTER_STATE: Mimbres, Jornada, Reserve and other archaeological branches become analytically visible.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Mogollon is a scholarly umbrella, not one self-named nation; modern heritage relationships remain plural.
DOMAINS: ARCHAEOLOGY | SETTLEMENT | CRAFT
FLOW: PROCESS_SUCCESSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B.
SOURCE_KEYS: S012,S013
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G024
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000025 | c. 1000–1150 CE | MIMBRES CLASSIC VISUAL SYSTEM
FISSION_GROUP: FG01_FG04_SOUTHWEST
PLACE: Mimbres Valley and southwest New Mexico
ENTITY_TYPE: CRAFT_INFORMATION_SYSTEM
EVENT: Black-on-white bowls carry geometric, animal, human and narrative imagery within household and mortuary contexts.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Mogollon-region pottery traditions diversify.
TRANSFORMATION: Specialized visual production intensifies.
AFTER_STATE: A highly distinctive archaeological art corpus appears.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Artistic style is evidence of practice and network, not a direct map of language or political borders.
DOMAINS: CRAFT | ART | MEMORY
FLOW: INFORMATION_TRANSFER
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B.
SOURCE_KEYS: S012,S013
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G025
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000026 | c. 300–1300/1500 CE | FREMONT ARCHAEOLOGICAL MOSAIC
FISSION_GROUP: FG01_FG04_SOUTHWEST
PLACE: Utah, eastern Nevada, western Colorado and adjacent areas
ENTITY_TYPE: ARCHAEOLOGICAL_TRADITION
EVENT: Distinctive basketry, footwear, figurines, rock art, gray ware and mixed farming/foraging define Fremont-associated assemblages.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Great Basin/plateau communities have varied local economies.
TRANSFORMATION: Some regions adopt more sedentary villages and cultivation.
AFTER_STATE: Archaeologists distinguish Fremont patterns from neighboring traditions.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: The category remains material/analytical; its relation to later Ute, Paiute, Shoshone and other communities is not one settled identity equation.
DOMAINS: ARCHAEOLOGY | FOOD | CRAFT | IDENTITY_FIREWALL
FLOW: PROCESS_SUCCESSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL | LINGUISTIC
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A for assemblages; B/C for population-language mappings.
SOURCE_KEYS: S014,S015
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G026
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000027 | c. 850–1250 CE | CHACO REGIONAL SYSTEM
FISSION_GROUP: FG01_FG04_SOUTHWEST
PLACE: San Juan Basin / Four Corners
ENTITY_TYPE: REGIONAL_SYSTEM
EVENT: Great houses, roads, ritual spaces and far-reaching exchange create an unusually integrated ancestral Pueblo regional system.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Earlier Pueblo communities occupy the northern Southwest.
TRANSFORMATION: Monumental construction, planned architecture, timber transport, roads, ceremony and exchange scale up.
AFTER_STATE: Chaco becomes a major regional center with many outlying great-house communities.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Its political constitution remains debated; integration must not be equated with a single empire.
DOMAINS: SETTLEMENT | CEREMONY | TRADE | ENGINEERING
FLOW: PROCESS_SUCCESSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL | UNESCO | INDIGENOUS_KNOWLEDGE
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A for regional network; B/C for political model.
SOURCE_KEYS: S004,S005,S007,S029
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G027
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000028 | c. 850–1150 CE | PUEBLO BONITO CONSTRUCTION
FISSION_GROUP: FG01_FG04_SOUTHWEST
PLACE: Chaco Canyon, New Mexico
ENTITY_TYPE: GREAT_HOUSE
EVENT: Pueblo Bonito is constructed in stages as a massive multi-storey great house.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Chacoan communities already build masonry settlements.
TRANSFORMATION: Long-duration planning mobilizes sandstone, timber, labor and architectural knowledge.
AFTER_STATE: A focal building with hundreds of rooms, kivas and plazas anchors the Chaco landscape.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Architecture stores coordination and memory but cannot by itself reveal who controlled labor or how authority worked.
DOMAINS: ARCHITECTURE | LABOUR | MEMORY
FLOW: MATERIAL_TRANSFER
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL | NPS
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A for chronology/architecture; B/C for governance.
SOURCE_KEYS: S005,S007
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G028
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000029 | c. 900–1150 CE | CHACO ROAD AND OUTLIER NETWORK
FISSION_GROUP: FG01_FG04_SOUTHWEST
PLACE: Four Corners / San Juan Basin
ENTITY_TYPE: TRANSPORT_NETWORK
EVENT: Engineered roads and great-house communities extend Chacoan connections across a wide area.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Regional communities already exchange goods and ritual knowledge.
TRANSFORMATION: Road construction and repeated movement reduce some coordination and transport frictions.
AFTER_STATE: A visible inter-settlement network links center and outliers.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Road reachability does not prove centralized command over every connected community; carrier/direction/time evidence remains required.
DOMAINS: TRANSPORT | EXCHANGE | EDGE
FLOW: PERSON_MOVEMENT
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B.
SOURCE_KEYS: S004,S029
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G029
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000030 | c. 900–1150 CE | CHACO LONG-DISTANCE MATERIAL FLOWS
FISSION_GROUP: FG01_FG04_SOUTHWEST
PLACE: Chaco and wider Southwest/Mesoamerican interfaces
ENTITY_TYPE: EXCHANGE_NETWORK
EVENT: Turquoise, shell, copper bells, macaws/parrots, pottery and other materials move through Chacoan networks.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Local subsistence and craft systems operate alongside regional exchange.
TRANSFORMATION: Prestige and utilitarian materials cross ecological zones.
AFTER_STATE: Chaco participates in long-distance exchange extending toward Mesoamerican-linked worlds.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Imported objects demonstrate connection, not political ownership or migration of whole populations.
DOMAINS: TRADE | MATERIAL | MESOAMERICA_INTERFACE
FLOW: MATERIAL_TRANSFER
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; exact routes and intermediaries vary.
SOURCE_KEYS: S004,S029
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G030
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000031 | c. 1050–1300 CE | MESA VERDE AGGREGATION AND CLIFF-DWELLING PHASES
FISSION_GROUP: FG01_FG04_SOUTHWEST
PLACE: Mesa Verde region
ENTITY_TYPE: SETTLEMENT_SYSTEM
EVENT: Ancestral Pueblo communities aggregate, construct large masonry villages and in the 1200s build many cliff dwellings.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Long-established farming communities occupy mesa-top and canyon landscapes.
TRANSFORMATION: Settlement, defensive/social positioning, architecture and community organization change.
AFTER_STATE: Dense archaeological landscapes culminate before major late-13th-century migrations.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Movement from Mesa Verde is not disappearance: descendant communities persist elsewhere.
DOMAINS: SETTLEMENT | MIGRATION | MEMORY
FLOW: FUNCTIONAL_HOST_MIGRATION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL | UNESCO | INDIGENOUS_KNOWLEDGE
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B.
SOURCE_KEYS: S008,S009
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G031
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000032 | late 1200s CE | NORTHERN SOUTHWEST MIGRATIONS
FISSION_GROUP: FG01_FG04_SOUTHWEST
PLACE: Four Corners toward Rio Grande, Hopi, Zuni and other regions
ENTITY_TYPE: MIGRATION_SYSTEM
EVENT: Many communities leave parts of the northern San Juan/Mesa Verde region.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Large settlements operate under climatic, social and resource pressures.
TRANSFORMATION: Households and communities migrate, aggregate and join/create settlements elsewhere.
AFTER_STATE: Population and cultural capabilities shift hosts rather than vanish.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: The Causal Gate blocks a single-variable “drought caused collapse” story; violence, social reorganization, resources and belief systems require local evidence.
DOMAINS: MIGRATION | CLIMATE | SOCIAL_CHANGE
FLOW: PERSON_MOVEMENT
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL | ORAL_TRADITION
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A for migration; causal weights B/C and locally variable.
SOURCE_KEYS: S008,S009,S029
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G032
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000033 | c. 900 CE–present | NORTHERN RIO GRANDE PUEBLO CONTINUITIES
FISSION_GROUP: FG01_FG04_SOUTHWEST
PLACE: Northern Rio Grande, New Mexico
ENTITY_TYPE: LIVING_COMMUNITY_SYSTEM
EVENT: Pueblo communities including Picuris and Taos persist through migration, colonial pressure and modern sovereignty.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Regional Pueblo settlement networks form before European arrival.
TRANSFORMATION: Communities reproduce language, agriculture, ritual and governance while absorbing major shocks.
AFTER_STATE: Living Pueblo nations remain present; some occupy very long-lived settlements.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Archaeology must terminate in living people and sovereignty rather than a museum endpoint.
DOMAINS: LIVING_IDENTITY | GOVERNANCE | MEMORY
FLOW: FUNCTIONAL_HOST_MIGRATION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ORAL_TRADITION | ARCHAEOLOGICAL | CURRENT
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; each nation controls its own history.
SOURCE_KEYS: S003,S009,S033
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G033
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000034 | published 30 Apr 2025; ancestry sampled over last millennium | PICURIS-INITIATED GENOMIC CONTINUITY STUDY
FISSION_GROUP: FG01_FG04_SOUTHWEST
PLACE: Picuris Pueblo / Chaco interface
ENTITY_TYPE: EVIDENCE_GOVERNANCE_EVENT
EVENT: A tribe-initiated study integrates oral history, archaeology, ethnography and genomics under Picuris data control.
TEMPORAL_FORM: INSTANT
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Indigenous oral histories have often been undervalued and ancient-DNA research has generated sovereignty concerns.
TRANSFORMATION: Picuris leadership co-designs research and retains control over data/publication.
AFTER_STATE: Study finds continuity between ancient and present Picuris and close sampled relationship with Pueblo Bonito individuals.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: The result supports Picuris history without excluding the connections of many other tribes; research governance becomes part of evidence quality itself.
DOMAINS: GENOMICS | ORAL_HISTORY | SOVEREIGNTY | EVIDENCE
FLOW: INFORMATION_TRANSFER
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: PEER_REVIEWED | TRIBALLY_INITIATED
CLAIM_STATUS: DOCUMENTED_SCIENTIFIC
UNCERTAINTY: A for sampled finding; explicit sampling limitations and non-exclusivity retained.
SOURCE_KEYS: S003
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G034
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000068 | c. 700–1300 CE | KIVA ARCHITECTURE AS SOCIAL MEMORY
FISSION_GROUP: FG01_FG04_SOUTHWEST
PLACE: Ancestral Pueblo regions
ENTITY_TYPE: CEREMONIAL_ARCHITECTURE
EVENT: Kivas become recurring built spaces connecting household/community ritual practices.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Pithouse and communal architectural traditions already exist.
TRANSFORMATION: Subterranean/partly subterranean ceremonial spaces are repeatedly rebuilt and adapted.
AFTER_STATE: A durable architectural grammar links settlements while local forms differ.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Shared architecture signals transmitted practice, not a single political unit.
DOMAINS: CEREMONY | ARCHITECTURE | MEMORY
FLOW: PROCESS_SUCCESSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; local variation and interpretation retained.
SOURCE_KEYS: S028,S029
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G020
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000069 | c. 900–1200 CE | CHACO TIMBER SUPPLY CHAIN
FISSION_GROUP: FG01_FG04_SOUTHWEST
PLACE: Chaco Canyon and surrounding uplands
ENTITY_TYPE: MATERIAL_SUPPLY_SYSTEM
EVENT: Monumental masonry construction requires beams unavailable at sufficient scale immediately beside some great houses.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Large-building programs intensify material demand.
TRANSFORMATION: Timber is harvested and transported from distant upland sources.
AFTER_STATE: Construction embeds a regional material supply chain.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Monumentality depends on external ecological draw and labor; the building alone hides its catchment.
DOMAINS: MATERIAL | FOREST | LABOUR | TRANSPORT
FLOW: PROCESS_SUCCESSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL | SCIENTIFIC
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; local variation and interpretation retained.
SOURCE_KEYS: S007,S029
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G021
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000070 | c. 900–1200 CE | CHACO ASTRONOMICAL ORIENTATION
FISSION_GROUP: FG01_FG04_SOUTHWEST
PLACE: Chaco Canyon
ENTITY_TYPE: SENSING_CALENDAR_SYSTEM
EVENT: Communities observe seasonal and celestial cycles in an arid agricultural/ceremonial world.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Observation knowledge accumulates.
TRANSFORMATION: Buildings and landscape features are oriented in relation to solar/lunar/cardinal patterns.
AFTER_STATE: Architecture becomes part of a sensing/calendar field.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Alignment evidence supports observation and planning; exact ritual interpretation remains bounded.
DOMAINS: SKY | CALENDAR | ARCHITECTURE
FLOW: PROCESS_SUCCESSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; local variation and interpretation retained.
SOURCE_KEYS: S007
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G022
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000071 | c. 1200–1400 CE | RIO GRANDE AGGREGATION
FISSION_GROUP: FG01_FG04_SOUTHWEST
PLACE: Rio Grande Valley
ENTITY_TYPE: SETTLEMENT_TRANSFORMATION
EVENT: Incoming and local Pueblo populations interact amid northern Southwest migrations.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Communities move and recombine.
TRANSFORMATION: Larger villages and new social networks form.
AFTER_STATE: The Rio Grande becomes a major Pueblo population field.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Migration produces recombination, not replacement of a blank landscape.
DOMAINS: MIGRATION | SETTLEMENT | NETWORK
FLOW: PROCESS_SUCCESSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL | ORAL_TRADITION
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; local variation and interpretation retained.
SOURCE_KEYS: S003,S009
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G023
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000072 | pre-contact–present | HOPI MESAS CONTINUITY
FISSION_GROUP: FG01_FG04_SOUTHWEST
PLACE: Hopi Mesas, Arizona
ENTITY_TYPE: LIVING_COMMUNITY_SYSTEM
EVENT: Ancestral migrations converge on long-lived mesa communities.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Communities carry architecture, farming, clan histories and ritual knowledge into new hosts.
TRANSFORMATION: Hopi communities persist through colonial and modern pressures.
AFTER_STATE: Living continuity keeps migration histories active rather than archaeological endpoints.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Ancestral Pueblo is plural genealogy, not one extinct people.
DOMAINS: LIVING_IDENTITY | MEMORY | FOOD
FLOW: PROCESS_SUCCESSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ORAL_TRADITION | ARCHAEOLOGICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; local variation and interpretation retained.
SOURCE_KEYS: S009
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G024
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000073 | pre-contact–present | ZUNI / A:SHIWI CONTINUITY
FISSION_GROUP: FG01_FG04_SOUTHWEST
PLACE: Zuni region, New Mexico
ENTITY_TYPE: LIVING_COMMUNITY_SYSTEM
EVENT: Regional ancestral communities aggregate and maintain long-lived place relationships.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Migration and social integration reorganize settlement.
TRANSFORMATION: Living Zuni community preserves distinct language, governance and ritual systems.
AFTER_STATE: Ancient site relationships remain active heritage.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Archaeological similarity never overrides self-identification or sovereign knowledge boundaries.
DOMAINS: LIVING_IDENTITY | LANGUAGE | MEMORY
FLOW: PROCESS_SUCCESSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ORAL_TRADITION | ARCHAEOLOGICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; local variation and interpretation retained.
SOURCE_KEYS: S009
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G025
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000074 | late pre-contact–present | DINÉ / NAVAJO SOUTHWESTERN FORMATION
FISSION_GROUP: FG01_FG04_SOUTHWEST
PLACE: Colorado Plateau / Southwest
ENTITY_TYPE: LIVING_COMMUNITY_SYSTEM
EVENT: Athabaskan-speaking populations enter and interact with established Pueblo and other southwestern communities.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Migration, exchange, marriage, conflict and adoption recombine people and practices.
TRANSFORMATION: Distinct Diné lifeways develop with deep local place relationships.
AFTER_STATE: A living nation emerges through interaction rather than isolation.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Genomic samples cannot define sovereignty or exhaust oral-history chronology; event clocks stay evidence-specific.
DOMAINS: MIGRATION | LANGUAGE | INTERACTION
FLOW: PROCESS_SUCCESSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ORAL_TRADITION | LINGUISTIC | ARCHAEOLOGICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; local variation and interpretation retained.
SOURCE_KEYS: S003,S035
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G026
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000075 | post-1500 | SOUTHERN ATHABASCAN–PUEBLO INTERACTION
FISSION_GROUP: FG01_FG04_SOUTHWEST
PLACE: Southwest
ENTITY_TYPE: INTERACTION_SYSTEM
EVENT: Pueblo and Apache/Diné communities meet within rapidly changing colonial fields.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Marriage, trade, raiding, captive-taking and knowledge transfer occur in multiple directions.
TRANSFORMATION: Food, language and ancestry recombine unevenly.
AFTER_STATE: New social relationships form without identity merger.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Interaction is not evidence of a single ancestry path or political incorporation.
DOMAINS: INTERACTION | LANGUAGE | FOOD | KINSHIP
FLOW: PROCESS_SUCCESSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: GENOMIC | ORAL_TRADITION | ETHNOHISTORIC
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; local variation and interpretation retained.
SOURCE_KEYS: S003
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G027
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

========================================================================================================
08 | GREAT BASIN AND PLAINS — MIXED ECONOMIES, BISON, HORSE AND MOBILITY

CA.NASWP.000035 | c. 1300–1500 CE | FREMONT MATERIAL CONFIGURATIONS CEASE TO REPRODUCE
FISSION_GROUP: FG04_FG05_PLAINS_GREAT_BASIN
PLACE: central Utah / Great Basin
ENTITY_TYPE: TRANSFORMATION
EVENT: Fremont-associated villages and material patterns become less visible.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Mixed farming-foraging villages persist in some regions.
TRANSFORMATION: Aridity, mobility changes, social recombination and Numic-language spread overlap unevenly.
AFTER_STATE: Archaeological traits fade or transform rather than yielding a single successor state.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: “Fremont disappeared” is rejected; population relationships and cultural transmission remain multiple open questions.
DOMAINS: CLIMATE | MOBILITY | LANGUAGE | EVIDENCE
FLOW: FUNCTIONAL_HOST_MIGRATION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL | LINGUISTIC
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A for material change; B/C for causes and population relationships.
SOURCE_KEYS: S014
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G035
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000036 | pre-contact | PLAINS VILLAGE HORTICULTURE AND TRADE
FISSION_GROUP: FG04_FG05_PLAINS_GREAT_BASIN
PLACE: Missouri River / Plains–Woodlands interface
ENTITY_TYPE: SETTLEMENT_NETWORK
EVENT: Mandan, Hidatsa, Arikara and other village systems combine horticulture, storage, bison hunting and trade.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Plains lifeways already vary between mobile and village configurations.
TRANSFORMATION: Riverine agriculture and exchange nodes concentrate people and goods.
AFTER_STATE: Permanent/semi-permanent villages coexist with mobile hunting networks.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: The Plains must not be reduced to mounted nomadism; horse culture is a later recombination on an older plural field.
DOMAINS: FOOD | SETTLEMENT | TRADE
FLOW: MATERIAL_TRANSFER
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ETHNOHISTORIC | ARCHAEOLOGICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: B; owner overlap with Object 51 acknowledged.
SOURCE_KEYS: S018
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G036
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000037 | pre-contact | COMMUNAL BISON HUNTING SYSTEMS
FISSION_GROUP: FG04_FG05_PLAINS_GREAT_BASIN
PLACE: Great Plains
ENTITY_TYPE: FOOD_MOBILITY_SYSTEM
EVENT: Many Plains communities coordinate communal hunts before widespread horse use.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Bison herds move across grasslands.
TRANSFORMATION: Knowledge of herd movement, terrain, drives, processing and sharing coordinates human action.
AFTER_STATE: Large quantities of food and material can be acquired and processed seasonally.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Collective knowledge and social coordination, not the horse alone, are the core capability.
DOMAINS: ANIMAL | FOOD | COORDINATION
FLOW: AGENT_FLUX
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL | ETHNOGRAPHIC
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B.
SOURCE_KEYS: S018,S019
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G037
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000038 | 16th–17th centuries CE | HORSES ENTER INDIGENOUS PLAINS AND ROCKIES NETWORKS EARLIER THAN OLD ARCHIVES IMPLIED
FISSION_GROUP: FG04_FG05_PLAINS_GREAT_BASIN
PLACE: Great Plains and northern Rockies
ENTITY_TYPE: MOBILITY_TRANSFORMATION
EVENT: Colonial documentary histories once placed substantial Indigenous horse integration later.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Indigenous communities already maintain wide trade, diplomacy and mobility networks.
TRANSFORMATION: Escaped/traded Iberian-descended horses move through Indigenous networks and are incorporated into local lifeways.
AFTER_STATE: Horse use is established in some Plains/Rockies communities by the first half of the 1600s and perhaps earlier than many written accounts.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Oral histories and archaeological science correct an archive-lag problem: evidence-time is not event-time.
DOMAINS: HORSE | MOBILITY | ORAL_HISTORY | EVIDENCE_CLOCK
FLOW: AGENT_FLUX
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ZOOARCHAEOLOGICAL | GENOMIC | INDIGENOUS_KNOWLEDGE
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; regional timing varies.
SOURCE_KEYS: S016,S017
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G038
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000039 | 17th–18th centuries CE | HORSE–BISON MOBILITY REVOLUTION
FISSION_GROUP: FG04_FG05_PLAINS_GREAT_BASIN
PLACE: southern and central Great Plains
ENTITY_TYPE: MOBILITY_SYSTEM
EVENT: Horse adoption changes travel, hunting, warfare, raiding, trade and carrying capacity.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Foot-based and river/village systems structure movement.
TRANSFORMATION: Mounted mobility raises speed, range and load capacity while creating new pasture, herd and trade dependencies.
AFTER_STATE: Some nations expand territorial reach and reorganize political/economic relationships.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: The “power gain” has returned costs: horse herds require water/pasture and intensify conflict/wealth differentiation in some contexts.
DOMAINS: MOBILITY | ANIMAL | WAR | TRADE | ENDIST
FLOW: AGENT_FLUX
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ETHNOHISTORIC | ARCHAEOLOGICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B.
SOURCE_KEYS: S016,S017
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G039
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000040 | 18th–19th centuries CE | COMANCHE REGIONAL POWER
FISSION_GROUP: FG04_FG05_PLAINS_GREAT_BASIN
PLACE: southern Plains
ENTITY_TYPE: POLITICAL_NETWORK
EVENT: Comanche communities build a powerful mounted trade, diplomacy and raiding system across the southern Plains.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Horse-based networks spread.
TRANSFORMATION: Mounted capability, bison economy, captive exchange, diplomacy and trade are recombined at scale.
AFTER_STATE: A large regional power field constrains Spanish, Mexican, Indigenous and later U.S. actors.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: The field is a network of bands and alliances rather than a European-style territorial state.
DOMAINS: GOVERNANCE | MOBILITY | WAR | TRADE
FLOW: AGENT_FLUX
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ETHNOHISTORIC
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: B; detailed political history belongs in a future Plains child object.
SOURCE_KEYS: S016
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G040
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000041 | c. 1870–1880s | BISON CATASTROPHE
FISSION_GROUP: FG04_FG05_PLAINS_GREAT_BASIN
PLACE: Great Plains
ENTITY_TYPE: ECOLOGICAL_COLONIAL_TRANSFORMATION
EVENT: Large bison herds remain central to many Plains economies and ecologies.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Industrial hunting, military/settler expansion, market demand and habitat conversion intensify pressure.
TRANSFORMATION: Bison populations are driven to near-extirpation.
AFTER_STATE: A foundational animal relationship and economic buffer collapses across much of the Plains.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: The harm propagates through food, materials, sovereignty, movement and culture; conservation cannot be separated from Indigenous repair.
DOMAINS: ANIMAL | COLONIALISM | FOOD | ECOLOGY
FLOW: AGENT_FLUX
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: HISTORICAL | ECOLOGICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B.
SOURCE_KEYS: S018,S019
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G041
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000042 | 2026 live tail | TRIBAL–SCIENTIFIC BISON RESTORATION
FISSION_GROUP: FG04_FG05_PLAINS_GREAT_BASIN
PLACE: Great Plains
ENTITY_TYPE: REPAIR_SYSTEM
EVENT: Bison survive in fragmented/reintroduced populations after near-extirpation.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Ecological and cultural functions remain below former continental scale.
TRANSFORMATION: Tribal Nations and conservation partners restore herds and study ecological effects.
AFTER_STATE: Bison regain some landscape and cultural roles.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Repair is verified only where land, herd health, sovereignty, ecological function and intergenerational use are actually restored—not by animal count alone.
DOMAINS: REPAIR | ANIMAL | SOVEREIGNTY | ECOLOGY
FLOW: AGENT_FLUX
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: CURRENT_PROGRAM | SCIENTIFIC
CLAIM_STATUS: DOCUMENTED_CURRENT_STATE
UNCERTAINTY: A for current programs; outcome scale remains variable.
SOURCE_KEYS: S018,S019
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G042
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000076 | pre-contact | PLAINS TRADE CORRIDORS
FISSION_GROUP: FG04_FG05_PLAINS_GREAT_BASIN
PLACE: Great Plains and adjoining Rockies/Woodlands/Southwest
ENTITY_TYPE: EXCHANGE_NETWORK
EVENT: Obsidian, stone, shells, hides, food and information move across ecological zones.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Communities possess local resources and seasonal surplus.
TRANSFORMATION: Long-distance exchange connects mobile and village societies.
AFTER_STATE: The Plains operate as a corridor field, not an isolated interior.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Network centrality can exist without cities or permanent roads.
DOMAINS: TRADE | INFORMATION | MOBILITY
FLOW: PROCESS_SUCCESSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL | ETHNOHISTORIC
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; local variation and interpretation retained.
SOURCE_KEYS: S018
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G028
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000077 | 18th–19th centuries | TIPI AS PORTABLE ARCHITECTURE
FISSION_GROUP: FG04_FG05_PLAINS_GREAT_BASIN
PLACE: Great Plains
ENTITY_TYPE: PORTABLE_ARCHITECTURE
EVENT: High mobility raises the value of rapidly deployable shelter.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Communities already possess hide-working and pole technologies.
TRANSFORMATION: Portable lodge systems combine materials, transport and social knowledge.
AFTER_STATE: Domestic infrastructure moves with seasonal/horse-based lifeways.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: A civilisation module can be highly sophisticated because it is portable, not despite portability.
DOMAINS: ARCHITECTURE | MOBILITY | FUNCTIONAL_PORTABILITY
FLOW: PROCESS_SUCCESSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ETHNOGRAPHIC
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; local variation and interpretation retained.
SOURCE_KEYS: S018
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G029
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000078 | 18th–19th centuries | HORSE WEALTH AND DEPENDENCY
FISSION_GROUP: FG04_FG05_PLAINS_GREAT_BASIN
PLACE: Great Plains
ENTITY_TYPE: ANIMAL_CAPABILITY_SYSTEM
EVENT: Horse ownership expands transport and hunting capability.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Mounted economies intensify.
TRANSFORMATION: Breeding, raiding, trade and herd management accumulate animal capital.
AFTER_STATE: Mobility and wealth can grow rapidly.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Capability becomes dependent on pasture, water, herd health and protection; gain and vulnerability increase together.
DOMAINS: ANIMAL | CAPITAL | MOBILITY | RISK
FLOW: PROCESS_SUCCESSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ETHNOHISTORIC
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; local variation and interpretation retained.
SOURCE_KEYS: S016,S017
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G030
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

========================================================================================================
09 | NORTHWEST COAST — SALMON, CEDAR, STORAGE, HOUSES, CANOES AND SOVEREIGNTY

CA.NASWP.000043 | pre-contact millennia | PLANK-HOUSE HOUSEHOLD SYSTEMS
FISSION_GROUP: FG06_NORTHWEST_COAST
PLACE: Northwest Coast
ENTITY_TYPE: HOUSEHOLD_GOVERNANCE
EVENT: Large cedar plank houses organize households, production, status and communal life.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Coastal communities exploit dense marine/forest resources.
TRANSFORMATION: Woodworking, storage, tenure and household organization become materially embedded in house space.
AFTER_STATE: Settled villages sustain both hierarchy and strong communal practices.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Hierarchy and communalism can coexist; the object rejects simple egalitarian/stratified binaries.
DOMAINS: HOUSEHOLD | ARCHITECTURE | GOVERNANCE
FLOW: PROCESS_SUCCESSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL | ETHNOGRAPHIC
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; societies differ strongly by place.
SOURCE_KEYS: S021
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G043
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000044 | pre-contact–present | CEDAR TECHNOLOGY COMPLEX
FISSION_GROUP: FG06_NORTHWEST_COAST
PLACE: Northwest Coast
ENTITY_TYPE: MATERIAL_TECHNOLOGY_SYSTEM
EVENT: Cedar is transformed into houses, canoes, boxes, tools, clothing and monumental works through specialized knowledge.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Old-growth forests provide large durable timber.
TRANSFORMATION: Harvest, splitting, carving, steaming and joinery convert trees into portable and fixed capability.
AFTER_STATE: Wood technologies support transport, storage, architecture and art.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Functional portability depends on forest access, skilled labor, tools, knowledge and tenure—not on “technology” as an isolated gene.
DOMAINS: PLANT | CRAFT | TRANSPORT | STORAGE
FLOW: MATERIAL_TRANSFER
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ETHNOGRAPHIC | ARCHAEOLOGICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B.
SOURCE_KEYS: S020,S043
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G044
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000045 | pre-contact–19th c | POTLATCH AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
FISSION_GROUP: FG06_NORTHWEST_COAST
PLACE: many Northwest Coast nations
ENTITY_TYPE: CEREMONIAL_ECONOMIC_SYSTEM
EVENT: Feasting, witnessing, names, rights and wealth distribution operate through community-specific ceremonial systems.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Household wealth and rights are embedded in kinship and place.
TRANSFORMATION: Goods are accumulated, displayed, transferred and witnessed in socially regulated events.
AFTER_STATE: Economic circulation, political legitimacy and memory are coupled.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Colonial descriptions that reduce potlatch to waste miss its information, legal and distribution functions.
DOMAINS: ECONOMY | MEMORY | GOVERNANCE | CEREMONY
FLOW: MATERIAL_TRANSFER
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ETHNOHISTORIC | INDIGENOUS_KNOWLEDGE
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: B; practices and terminology vary.
SOURCE_KEYS: S020,S021
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G045
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000046 | until shortly after 1880; living use continues | SGANG GWAAY LLNAGAAY
FISSION_GROUP: FG06_NORTHWEST_COAST
PLACE: Haida Gwaii
ENTITY_TYPE: LIVING_HERITAGE_LANDSCAPE
EVENT: Haida longhouses and carved mortuary/memorial poles remain in a village landscape occupied into the 19th century.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Haida communities maintain land-sea relationships and monumental art.
TRANSFORMATION: Colonial-era epidemic and demographic disruption alter settlement while the site remains culturally connected.
AFTER_STATE: House and pole remains become a globally recognized heritage landscape.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: UNESCO status does not fossilize Haida culture; the place retains spiritual value and living relationships.
DOMAINS: HERITAGE | LIVING_CULTURE | LAND_SEA
FLOW: FUNCTIONAL_HOST_MIGRATION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: UNESCO | INDIGENOUS_KNOWLEDGE
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A.
SOURCE_KEYS: S020,S043
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G046
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000047 | 19th–20th centuries | COLONIAL SUPPRESSION OF CEREMONIAL AND LAND SYSTEMS
FISSION_GROUP: FG06_NORTHWEST_COAST
PLACE: Canada / Northwest Coast
ENTITY_TYPE: COLONIAL_CONTROL_SYSTEM
EVENT: Indigenous governance, ceremony and land tenure operate under their own laws.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Colonial governments impose reserve, property, schooling and cultural restrictions.
TRANSFORMATION: Legal coercion constrains ceremony, children, land access and governance.
AFTER_STATE: Capabilities are forced underground, fragmented or transferred into colonial institutions.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Persistence and revival demonstrate that legal suppression is not cultural extinction.
DOMAINS: COLONIALISM | LAW | EDUCATION | MEMORY
FLOW: INFORMATION_TRANSFER
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: LEGAL | HISTORICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B.
SOURCE_KEYS: S020,S043,S050
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G047
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000048 | 2024 onward | HAIDA TITLE RECOGNITION ON HAIDA GWAII
FISSION_GROUP: FG06_NORTHWEST_COAST
PLACE: Haida Gwaii, British Columbia
ENTITY_TYPE: LEGAL_SOVEREIGNTY_TRANSFORMATION
EVENT: Haida title is contested within a long colonial legal field.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Haida Nation and British Columbia negotiate a title lands agreement.
TRANSFORMATION: British Columbia legislatively recognizes Haida Aboriginal title to land described in the agreement while interim reconciliation measures preserve specified existing interests and require legal-system reconciliation.
AFTER_STATE: A new legal control layer formally recognizes Haida title.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Recognition is not an endpoint: implementation must reconcile law, jurisdiction, third-party interests and ecosystem stewardship over time.
DOMAINS: LAW | SOVEREIGNTY | LAND | REPAIR
FLOW: FUNCTIONAL_HOST_MIGRATION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: OFFICIAL_LAW
CLAIM_STATUS: DOCUMENTED_CURRENT_STATE
UNCERTAINTY: A for enacted recognition; implementation is ongoing.
SOURCE_KEYS: S024
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G048
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000079 | pre-contact | CANOE MARITIME NETWORKS
FISSION_GROUP: FG06_NORTHWEST_COAST
PLACE: Northwest Coast
ENTITY_TYPE: MARITIME_TRANSPORT_SYSTEM
EVENT: Archipelagos, fjords and inlets make water a principal route rather than barrier.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Coastal communities possess woodworking and navigation knowledge.
TRANSFORMATION: Large canoes carry people, goods, fish and diplomatic parties.
AFTER_STATE: Marine EnDist becomes lower-friction than many overland paths.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Coastline geometry plus boat capability creates a network field; water is infrastructure.
DOMAINS: TRANSPORT | WATER | TRADE
FLOW: PROCESS_SUCCESSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ETHNOGRAPHIC | ARCHAEOLOGICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; local variation and interpretation retained.
SOURCE_KEYS: S020,S043
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G031
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000080 | pre-contact | SALMON RIGHTS AND TERRITORIAL KNOWLEDGE
FISSION_GROUP: FG06_NORTHWEST_COAST
PLACE: Northwest Coast rivers
ENTITY_TYPE: RESOURCE_GOVERNANCE
EVENT: Seasonal fish concentrations are predictable but finite and place-bound.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Communities inherit fishing knowledge and place relationships.
TRANSFORMATION: Harvest sites, timing, technologies and rights regulate access.
AFTER_STATE: Food production is coordinated through law/tenure as well as technology.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Resource abundance does not mean open access; governance is part of carrying capacity.
DOMAINS: FOOD | LAW | WATER | KNOWLEDGE
FLOW: PROCESS_SUCCESSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ETHNOGRAPHIC | INDIGENOUS_KNOWLEDGE
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; local variation and interpretation retained.
SOURCE_KEYS: S020,S043
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G032
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000081 | 18th–19th centuries | SMALLPOX AND COASTAL DEMOGRAPHIC SHOCK
FISSION_GROUP: FG06_NORTHWEST_COAST
PLACE: Northwest Coast
ENTITY_TYPE: EPIDEMIC_SYSTEM
EVENT: Dense coastal networks connect communities before sustained settler rule.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Introduced disease propagates along human networks.
TRANSFORMATION: Mortality and household disruption become severe in repeated outbreaks.
AFTER_STATE: Village populations and political balances are transformed.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Epidemic loss cannot be interpreted as voluntary abandonment or vacant land.
DOMAINS: HEALTH | POPULATION | NETWORK
FLOW: PROCESS_SUCCESSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: HISTORICAL | ORAL_TRADITION
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; local variation and interpretation retained.
SOURCE_KEYS: S020,S043
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G033
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

========================================================================================================
10 | CALIFORNIA NETWORKS — MANAGED LANDSCAPES, TRADE, MARITIME SYSTEMS AND FIRE

CA.NASWP.000049 | pre-contact millennia | CALIFORNIA LINGUISTIC AND POLITICAL PLURALITY
FISSION_GROUP: FG07_CALIFORNIA
PLACE: California
ENTITY_TYPE: REGIONAL_NETWORK
EVENT: Hundreds of locally grounded communities and many language families occupy highly varied ecological zones.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Long Holocene regional adaptation differentiates settlement and subsistence.
TRANSFORMATION: Trade, marriage, ceremony and conflict link communities without merging them into one polity.
AFTER_STATE: Dense overlapping networks coexist with strong local sovereignty.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: “California Indians” is a geographic umbrella only; no single culture or government is implied.
DOMAINS: LANGUAGE | GOVERNANCE | NETWORK | IDENTITY_FIREWALL
FLOW: INFORMATION_TRANSFER
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ETHNOGRAPHIC | ARCHAEOLOGICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B.
SOURCE_KEYS: S044,S045,S046
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G001
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000050 | pre-contact | ACORN PROCESSING AS INFRASTRUCTURE
FISSION_GROUP: FG07_CALIFORNIA
PLACE: California oak landscapes
ENTITY_TYPE: FOOD_TECHNOLOGY_SYSTEM
EVENT: Acorns are abundant but require harvest, storage and processing to remove tannins.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Oak landscapes provide seasonal mast.
TRANSFORMATION: Knowledge, baskets, grinding, leaching, storage and labor convert acorns into reliable food.
AFTER_STATE: A high-throughput plant-food system supports many communities.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: The “power plant” is distributed across ecology, knowledge, tools, household labor and water rather than a field of domesticated grain.
DOMAINS: FOOD | PLANT | TECHNOLOGY | LABOUR
FLOW: ENERGY_CONVERSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ETHNOGRAPHIC | ARCHAEOLOGICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: B; practices are community-specific.
SOURCE_KEYS: S044,S046
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G002
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000051 | c. 2,000 years ago onward (interpretive model) | CHUMASH SHELL-BEAD MONEY
FISSION_GROUP: FG07_CALIFORNIA
PLACE: Santa Barbara Channel and wider California networks
ENTITY_TYPE: EXCHANGE_FINANCE_SYSTEM
EVENT: Shell beads already circulate as ornament, status and exchange media.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Specialized bead production and intercommunity trade expand.
TRANSFORMATION: Standardization and documented transaction functions may convert some bead forms into money-like media.
AFTER_STATE: A peer-reviewed model places monetary use about 1,000 years earlier than older estimates.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: This is a defined archaeological interpretation, not proof that every shell bead or California network used one currency system.
DOMAINS: TRADE | FINANCE | CRAFT | EVIDENCE
FLOW: CAPITAL_TRANSFER
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: PEER_REVIEWED | ARCHAEOLOGICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: B; “money” depends on stated archaeological criteria.
SOURCE_KEYS: S022,S045
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G003
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000052 | pre-contact–19th c | CHUMASH MARITIME TOMOL NETWORK
FISSION_GROUP: FG07_CALIFORNIA
PLACE: Santa Barbara Channel / Channel Islands
ENTITY_TYPE: MARITIME_TRANSPORT_SYSTEM
EVENT: Plank canoes and maritime knowledge link islands, mainland villages, fishing grounds and exchange.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Coastal communities exploit rich marine resources.
TRANSFORMATION: Boat construction, navigation and social institutions lower channel-crossing friction.
AFTER_STATE: Regular marine movement sustains island-mainland networks.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Transport capability depends on skilled builders, material access, sea knowledge and governance—not the vessel alone.
DOMAINS: MARITIME | TRANSPORT | TRADE
FLOW: PERSON_MOVEMENT
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ETHNOGRAPHIC | ARCHAEOLOGICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B.
SOURCE_KEYS: S045
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G004
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000053 | 2025 legal state | CALIFORNIA CULTURAL-BURN DEFINITION ENTERS STATUTORY FRAME
FISSION_GROUP: FG07_CALIFORNIA
PLACE: California
ENTITY_TYPE: LEGAL_ECOLOGICAL_SYSTEM
EVENT: Fire policy long marginalizes or restricts Indigenous cultural burning.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: State law is amended.
TRANSFORMATION: California statute defines cultural burning as intentional fire applied by tribes/tribal organizations/cultural practitioners for cultural goals including sustenance, ceremony and biodiversity.
AFTER_STATE: Cultural fire becomes more legible in state law.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Legal recognition must still be tested against actual access, liability, air rules, staffing and land control.
DOMAINS: LAW | FIRE | ECOLOGY | SOVEREIGNTY
FLOW: INFORMATION_TRANSFER
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: OFFICIAL_LAW
CLAIM_STATUS: DOCUMENTED_CURRENT_STATE
UNCERTAINTY: A.
SOURCE_KEYS: S025
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G005
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000054 | 29 Apr 2026 | NORTH FORK MONO CULTURAL FIRE PROJECT
FISSION_GROUP: FG07_CALIFORNIA
PLACE: Sierra and Inyo National Forests, California
ENTITY_TYPE: REPAIR_PROJECT
EVENT: Cultural burning capacity is constrained by colonial land control, regulation and wildfire risk.
TEMPORAL_FORM: INSTANT
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Tribal and state/federal interfaces authorize/fund a resilience project.
TRANSFORMATION: North Fork Mono Tribe applies cultural burning, thinning, meadow restoration and invasive-species work on culturally significant lands.
AFTER_STATE: A live operating pathway reconnects cultural practice with forest resilience.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Success requires achieved-state evidence: burns completed safely, ecological response, cultural access and intergenerational capability—not funding announcement alone.
DOMAINS: FIRE | REPAIR | ECOLOGY | EDUCATION
FLOW: ENERGY_CONVERSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: OFFICIAL_PROJECT
CLAIM_STATUS: DOCUMENTED_CURRENT_STATE
UNCERTAINTY: A for project authorization/funding; outcomes require later measurement.
SOURCE_KEYS: S026
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G006
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000055 | 24 Jul 2026 | QUARTZ VALLEY ANCESTRAL-LAND ACQUISITION FINANCING
FISSION_GROUP: FG07_CALIFORNIA
PLACE: Scott River / Klamath Basin, California
ENTITY_TYPE: LAND_REPAIR_SYSTEM
EVENT: Quartz Valley Indian Reservation is confined to a small land base relative to ancestral territory.
TEMPORAL_FORM: INSTANT
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: California Water Board approves zero-interest financing for a nearly 40,000-acre acquisition.
TRANSFORMATION: Land control is planned to expand alongside salmon, water-quality and cultural stewardship.
AFTER_STATE: A major land-back transaction pathway is enabled, with cultural burning and wetland/native-plant restoration planned.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: The claim ladder remains explicit: financing/adoption is documented; acquisition and ecological outcomes must be tracked separately as they occur.
DOMAINS: LAND | WATER | SALMON | SOVEREIGNTY | REPAIR
FLOW: CAPITAL_TRANSFER
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: OFFICIAL_CURRENT
CLAIM_STATUS: DOCUMENTED_CURRENT_STATE
UNCERTAINTY: A for board action; acquisition/outcomes tracked as future/operating states separately.
SOURCE_KEYS: S027
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G007
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000082 | pre-contact | SHELL-BEAD PRODUCTION SPECIALISATION
FISSION_GROUP: FG07_CALIFORNIA
PLACE: Channel Islands / Santa Barbara Channel
ENTITY_TYPE: CRAFT_SYSTEM
EVENT: Marine shell is locally abundant but transaction-grade beads require skilled manufacture.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Craft specialists organize drilling, shaping and finishing.
TRANSFORMATION: Standardized beads enter wider networks.
AFTER_STATE: Portable value and social connection move far beyond production sites.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Finance-like capability depends on production trust, recognizability and network acceptance.
DOMAINS: CRAFT | TRADE | CAPITAL
FLOW: PROCESS_SUCCESSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; local variation and interpretation retained.
SOURCE_KEYS: S022,S045
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G034
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000083 | pre-contact | COAST–INTERIOR EXCHANGE NETWORKS
FISSION_GROUP: FG07_CALIFORNIA
PLACE: California
ENTITY_TYPE: EXCHANGE_NETWORK
EVENT: Ecological zones produce different foods, minerals, shells and craft goods.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Communities specialize locally.
TRANSFORMATION: Exchange moves goods, information and social obligations across zones.
AFTER_STATE: Dense networks reduce local ecological isolation.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Network resilience depends on relationships and route continuity, not market price alone.
DOMAINS: TRADE | ECOLOGY | INFORMATION
FLOW: PROCESS_SUCCESSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL | ETHNOGRAPHIC
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; local variation and interpretation retained.
SOURCE_KEYS: S022,S044,S046
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G035
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000084 | pre-contact | BASKETRY AS HIGH-RESOLUTION TECHNOLOGY
FISSION_GROUP: FG07_CALIFORNIA
PLACE: California
ENTITY_TYPE: CRAFT_TECHNOLOGY_SYSTEM
EVENT: Plant fibers and shoots require species knowledge, harvest timing, preparation and skilled construction.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Managed plant landscapes supply materials.
TRANSFORMATION: Weaving converts flexible plant materials into containers, traps, cradles and other tools.
AFTER_STATE: A distributed manufacturing capability supports food processing and daily life.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Museum “art object” framing can hide the engineering, ecology and labor embedded in baskets.
DOMAINS: CRAFT | PLANT | ENGINEERING | MUSEUM
FLOW: PROCESS_SUCCESSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: ETHNOGRAPHIC | MATERIAL_CULTURE
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; local variation and interpretation retained.
SOURCE_KEYS: S044,S046
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G036
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

========================================================================================================
11 | COLONIAL / SETTLER SYSTEMS, SURVIVAL, SOVEREIGNTY AND LIVE 2026 TAIL

CA.NASWP.000056 | 1490s–1700s | EPIDEMIC DISEASE PROPAGATION
FISSION_GROUP: FG08_OVERLAY
PLACE: western North America, uneven by region
ENTITY_TYPE: BIOLOGICAL_COLONIAL_SYSTEM
EVENT: Indigenous populations lack prior exposure to several Afro-Eurasian pathogens.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Pathogens travel through direct and indirect contact networks.
TRANSFORMATION: Mortality can precede sustained local colonial observation.
AFTER_STATE: Population, household, knowledge and political systems are disrupted unevenly.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Archive silence cannot be used to infer empty land; disease can move faster than colonial settlement records.
DOMAINS: HEALTH | POPULATION | NETWORK
FLOW: AGENT_FLUX
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: BIOARCHAEOLOGICAL | HISTORICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; timing and magnitude vary sharply.
SOURCE_KEYS: S003,S020
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G008
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000057 | 1540s onward | SPANISH INVASION AND COLONIAL INTERFACES
FISSION_GROUP: FG08_OVERLAY
PLACE: Southwest
ENTITY_TYPE: COLONIAL_CONTROL_SYSTEM
EVENT: Pueblo, O’odham, Apache, Diné and other nations operate diverse systems.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Spanish expeditions, missions, settlements, livestock and tribute/labor demands enter.
TRANSFORMATION: Violence, missionization, new crops/animals, trade and colonial institutions recombine local worlds.
AFTER_STATE: A contested colonial layer forms without erasing Indigenous sovereignty or agency.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Imported capability and coercion must remain in one ledger; “contact” is not a neutral technology transfer.
DOMAINS: COLONIALISM | RELIGION | LABOUR | ANIMAL
FLOW: AGENT_FLUX
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: TEXTUAL | ARCHAEOLOGICAL | ORAL_TRADITION
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B.
SOURCE_KEYS: S032,S035,S036
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G009
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000058 | 1680 | PUEBLO REVOLT
FISSION_GROUP: FG08_OVERLAY
PLACE: New Mexico
ENTITY_TYPE: POLITICAL_MILITARY_EVENT
EVENT: Spanish colonial rule constrains Pueblo religion, labor and governance.
TEMPORAL_FORM: INSTANT
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Pueblo coalitions coordinate revolt against colonial authority.
TRANSFORMATION: Spanish rule is expelled from New Mexico for roughly twelve years.
AFTER_STATE: Pueblo political agency reshapes the colonial system and later reconquest.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: The event is evidence of inter-Pueblo coordination but not permanent identity merger or a single timeless Pueblo state.
DOMAINS: WAR | GOVERNANCE | RELIGION | REPAIR
FLOW: AGENT_FLUX
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: TEXTUAL | ORAL_TRADITION | ARCHAEOLOGICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B.
SOURCE_KEYS: S032,S036
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G010
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000059 | 1769–1830s | CALIFORNIA MISSION SYSTEM
FISSION_GROUP: FG08_OVERLAY
PLACE: coastal Alta California
ENTITY_TYPE: COLONIAL_LABOUR_SYSTEM
EVENT: California nations control local lands and food systems.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Spanish missions and military settlements expand along the coast.
TRANSFORMATION: Conversion, coerced/constrained labor, relocation, livestock and epidemic disease transform communities and landscapes.
AFTER_STATE: Mission institutions concentrate people and colonial production while Indigenous populations suffer severe loss and dispossession.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Mission architecture cannot be counted as “civilisational gain” without receivers, coercion and demographic cost.
DOMAINS: COLONIALISM | LABOUR | RELIGION | HEALTH
FLOW: AGENT_FLUX
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: HISTORICAL | ARCHAEOLOGICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B.
SOURCE_KEYS: S044,S045
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G011
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000060 | 18th–19th centuries | FUR-TRADE AND MARITIME IMPERIAL NETWORKS
FISSION_GROUP: FG08_OVERLAY
PLACE: Northwest Coast
ENTITY_TYPE: COLONIAL_TRADE_SYSTEM
EVENT: Northwest Coast nations control established marine, household and exchange systems.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Russian, British, American and other maritime traders enter sea-otter and fur networks.
TRANSFORMATION: Trade goods, weapons, pathogens and market extraction alter coastal power relations.
AFTER_STATE: A global commodity interface overlays Indigenous economies.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: High trade value can deplete animal stocks and increase external dependency; exchange is not identical to benefit.
DOMAINS: TRADE | ANIMAL | COLONIALISM | DISEASE
FLOW: MATERIAL_TRANSFER
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: HISTORICAL | ETHNOHISTORIC
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B.
SOURCE_KEYS: S020,S042,S043
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G012
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000061 | 1840s–1890s | SETTLER-STATE EXPANSION AND LAND SEIZURE
FISSION_GROUP: FG08_OVERLAY
PLACE: U.S. West / Canadian West
ENTITY_TYPE: SETTLER_COLONIAL_SYSTEM
EVENT: Indigenous nations retain extensive territories under diverse political systems.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Military conquest, treaties, statutes, private property, mining, railroads and mass settlement expand.
TRANSFORMATION: Land, water, mobility and jurisdiction are transferred into settler-state control through coercive and legal mechanisms.
AFTER_STATE: Reservations/reserves and fragmented land bases constrain older networks.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Transport and market infrastructure can increase settler throughput while exporting displacement and ecological burden to Indigenous receivers.
DOMAINS: LAND | WAR | LAW | INFRASTRUCTURE | ENDIST
FLOW: CAPITAL_TRANSFER
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: LEGAL | HISTORICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B.
SOURCE_KEYS: S038,S039,S040,S047
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G013
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000062 | 19th century | CALIFORNIA GENOCIDAL VIOLENCE AND DISPOSSESSION
FISSION_GROUP: FG08_OVERLAY
PLACE: California
ENTITY_TYPE: SETTLER_COLONIAL_SYSTEM
EVENT: California Native nations remain on homelands after mission/Mexican transitions.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: U.S. annexation, Gold Rush migration, militia violence, forced labor and land seizure intensify.
TRANSFORMATION: Communities suffer mass killing, displacement, starvation, enslavement and demographic collapse.
AFTER_STATE: Settler economic expansion occurs alongside catastrophic Indigenous loss.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: The Atlas must not convert GDP/infrastructure growth into net civilisational improvement without the destroyed BaseFloor of affected peoples.
DOMAINS: VIOLENCE | LAND | LABOUR | POPULATION
FLOW: AGENT_FLUX
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: HISTORICAL | LEGAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; detailed nation-level records belong in later child objects.
SOURCE_KEYS: S044,S046,S047
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G014
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000063 | late 19th–20th centuries | BOARDING / RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL ASSIMILATION
FISSION_GROUP: FG08_OVERLAY
PLACE: United States and Canada
ENTITY_TYPE: EDUCATION_CONTROL_SYSTEM
EVENT: Indigenous languages, families and knowledge systems reproduce through communities.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: State/church schooling removes children and suppresses languages/cultural practices in many institutions.
TRANSFORMATION: Education becomes an assimilation control surface.
AFTER_STATE: Intergenerational knowledge transmission is damaged while survivors and communities retain/rebuild capability.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Education can be anti-capability when it destroys receiver identity, family attachment and local knowledge reproduction.
DOMAINS: EDUCATION | LANGUAGE | FAMILY | COLONIALISM
FLOW: INFORMATION_TRANSFER
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: HISTORICAL | OFFICIAL_INVESTIGATION
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B.
SOURCE_KEYS: S050
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G015
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000064 | 1930s–present | DAM, WATER AND EXTRACTION SYSTEMS
FISSION_GROUP: FG08_OVERLAY
PLACE: Colorado/Columbia/Klamath and western basins
ENTITY_TYPE: INFRASTRUCTURE_CONTROL_SYSTEM
EVENT: Rivers support Indigenous fisheries, farms, ceremony and ecosystems.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Large dams, diversions, mines and industrial systems alter flow, access and habitat.
TRANSFORMATION: Electricity, irrigation and urban supply increase for some receivers while river ecologies and Indigenous access are transformed.
AFTER_STATE: A high-capability infrastructure grid coexists with exported ecological and sovereignty costs.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: EnDist requires externality return paths: megawatts/acre-feet delivered are not the whole output.
DOMAINS: WATER | ENERGY | ECOLOGY | RIGHTS
FLOW: ENERGY_CONVERSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: HISTORICAL | CURRENT
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: B; detailed basin accounting belongs to hydrological child objects.
SOURCE_KEYS: S019,S027,S043
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G016
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000065 | 1970s–present | TRIBAL SELF-DETERMINATION EXPANDS
FISSION_GROUP: FG08_OVERLAY
PLACE: United States
ENTITY_TYPE: GOVERNANCE_REPAIR_SYSTEM
EVENT: Earlier federal eras often impose termination, allotment or administrative control.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Self-determination law and tribal institution-building expand contracting, governance and program control.
TRANSFORMATION: Many Tribal Nations regain greater operational authority over services and governance.
AFTER_STATE: Sovereign capability shifts from externally administered to increasingly tribally controlled systems in many domains.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Formal authority must be separated from available funding, deployable staff and effective outcomes.
DOMAINS: GOVERNANCE | CAPABILITY | REPAIR
FLOW: FUNCTIONAL_HOST_MIGRATION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: LEGAL | CURRENT
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; nation-specific.
SOURCE_KEYS: S049
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G017
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000066 | 1990–2026 | NAGPRA REPATRIATION AND MUSEUM REPAIR
FISSION_GROUP: FG08_OVERLAY
PLACE: United States museums and federal agencies
ENTITY_TYPE: EVIDENCE_REPAIR_SYSTEM
EVENT: Museums/agencies hold Indigenous human remains and cultural items under legacy collection regimes.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: NAGPRA establishes consultation, repatriation/disposition and duty-of-care processes, strengthened by current regulations/guidance.
TRANSFORMATION: Tribes and Native Hawaiian organizations gain legal pathways to return ancestors and cultural items.
AFTER_STATE: Museum custody becomes a contested and partially reversible evidence/control relationship.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: A successful Atlas evidence system must ask who controls ancestors, data, names and sacred knowledge—not only whether an object is scientifically useful.
DOMAINS: MUSEUM | LAW | SOVEREIGNTY | REPAIR
FLOW: FUNCTIONAL_HOST_MIGRATION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: OFFICIAL_LAW | POLICY
CLAIM_STATUS: DOCUMENTED_CURRENT_STATE
UNCERTAINTY: A; compliance and outcomes remain institution-specific.
SOURCE_KEYS: S023,S048
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G018
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000067 | 2026 live tail | OBJECT 52 REMAINS A LIVING FIELD
FISSION_GROUP: FG08_OVERLAY
PLACE: Southwest / West / Plains / Northwest Coast / California
ENTITY_TYPE: LIVE_SYSTEM
EVENT: Indigenous nations, settler states, cities, farms, reservations/reserves, parks, protected areas and extraction systems overlap.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Climate, water, fire, biodiversity, housing, language, heritage and sovereignty pressures continue to change.
TRANSFORMATION: Tribal governance, ecological restoration, legal recognition, research sovereignty and cultural renewal interact with national/state systems.
AFTER_STATE: No final “modern civilisation” phenotype closes the object.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: The correct endpoint is a timestamped operating state with open repair queues, not a triumphal terminal stage.
DOMAINS: LIVE_STATE | GOVERNANCE | ECOLOGY | REPAIR
FLOW: PROCESS_SUCCESSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: CURRENT_MULTI_SOURCE
CLAIM_STATUS: DOCUMENTED_CURRENT_STATE
UNCERTAINTY: A/B at freeze; current-state expiry applies.
SOURCE_KEYS: S003,S018,S019,S023,S024,S025,S026,S027
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G019
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000085 | 19th–20th centuries | RESERVATION / RESERVE BOUNDARIES AS CONTROL LAYERS
FISSION_GROUP: FG08_OVERLAY
PLACE: U.S. and Canada
ENTITY_TYPE: LEGAL_SPATIAL_SYSTEM
EVENT: Indigenous territories exceed later administrative parcels.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Treaties, statutes, executive actions and colonial law impose bounded land bases.
TRANSFORMATION: Access, jurisdiction and mobility are spatially compressed.
AFTER_STATE: Modern reservation/reserve geographies emerge.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: Present legal boundaries must never be projected backward as timeless ethnic territory.
DOMAINS: LAW | LAND | GOVERNANCE
FLOW: PROCESS_SUCCESSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: LEGAL | HISTORICAL
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; local variation and interpretation retained.
SOURCE_KEYS: S024,S049
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G037
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000086 | 20th–21st centuries | LANGUAGE REVITALISATION AS REPAIR
FISSION_GROUP: FG08_OVERLAY
PLACE: western North American Indigenous nations
ENTITY_TYPE: EDUCATION_REPAIR_SYSTEM
EVENT: Colonial schooling and language suppression damage intergenerational transmission.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Communities create immersion, curriculum, archives and teacher pipelines.
TRANSFORMATION: Language learning shifts back toward community control.
AFTER_STATE: Some language capability is regenerated.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: RepairRate must exceed speaker/teacher loss and requires children, households, funding and cultural authority—not apps alone.
DOMAINS: LANGUAGE | EDUCATION | REPAIR
FLOW: PROCESS_SUCCESSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: CURRENT | COMMUNITY_GOVERNANCE
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; local variation and interpretation retained.
SOURCE_KEYS: S049,S050
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G038
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

CA.NASWP.000087 | 21st century | TRIBAL DATA SOVEREIGNTY
FISSION_GROUP: FG08_OVERLAY
PLACE: Indigenous research interfaces
ENTITY_TYPE: INFORMATION_GOVERNANCE
EVENT: Researchers and institutions have often controlled samples, archives and publication.
TEMPORAL_FORM: RANGE
BOUNDARY_CERTAINTY: RANGE
WORLD_BANDS: W000–W068
BEFORE_STATE: Tribal research protocols and agreements assert authority over data and use.
TRANSFORMATION: Consent, access, publication and reuse become governable relationships.
AFTER_STATE: Evidence quality now includes custody and legitimacy, not only measurement precision.
RETURNED_CONSEQUENCE: The Picuris study demonstrates a portable research-governance module without making genomics superior to oral history.
DOMAINS: DATA | SOVEREIGNTY | EVIDENCE
FLOW: PROCESS_SUCCESSION
RELATION_TYPE: TEMPORAL_AND_FUNCTIONAL
ATTESTATION: PEER_REVIEWED | TRIBAL_GOVERNANCE
CLAIM_STATUS: EVIDENCE_BOUNDED
UNCERTAINTY: A/B; local variation and interpretation retained.
SOURCE_KEYS: S003
GRAPH_SEEDS: NASWP.G039
RECEIVER_NOBODY_CHECK: Identify direct beneficiaries, displaced/omitted persons, ecological receivers, maintenance labour and downstream/future burden before any net-benefit claim.

========================================================================================================
12 | COMPARATIVE ADAPTATION / POWER-PLANT / ENDIST SURFACE

This is a downstream analytical surface, not a ranking and not a claim that historical people used these terms.

SYSTEM INPUT / FLOOR CONVERSION / “POWER PLANT” INTERFACE / TUBE BUFFER COMMON FAILURE / RETURN
Sonoran canal worlds river + alluvium irrigation + cultivation canals/headworks/schedules storage/social rules silt/flood/coordination -> downstream water/labour debt
Pueblo plateau worlds rainfall + soils + timber dry/floodwater farming + storage fields/trails/ritual cycles stored maize/kin networks drought/social pressure -> migration/recombination, not automatic collapse
Fremont/Great Basin patchy water + wild foods mixed cultivation/foraging seasonal mobility/storage diet flexibility aridity/interface shift -> configuration change
Plains bison worlds grass + bison herds hunting/processing; later horse gain herd knowledge/mobility dried meat/social networks herd loss/colonial pressure -> food/sovereignty collapse
Northwest Coast salmon + marine + cedar harvest/storage/woodworking rivers/canoes/house rights stored food/house systems disease/extraction/control -> household/ecological debt
California networks oak/seed/coast/fire processing/tending/craft/trade trails/tomols/shell media storage/reciprocity fire suppression/land loss -> ecological/cultural debt

ADAPTATION-FIELD RULE
No configuration is “the winner.” Useful capability depends on substrate, season, population, neighbors,
technology, rights and shocks. The invariant is the ability to sense change and reconfigure faster than
degradation propagates — analytically analogous to an ECU remapping an engine under changing load, not a claim
of centralized historical control.

CAUSAL GATE EXAMPLE — DROUGHT
Drought -> crop stress is physically plausible.
Drought -> migration/collapse is NOT admitted until local chronology, storage/buffer, violence, governance,
trade, disease and receiver evidence are tested. Shared climate can produce different outcomes across systems.

========================================================================================================
13 | TRACK REGISTER

T001 | ACTIVE_SUBSTRATE | tectonics → mountains/basins/coasts → route/water/resource geometry
T002 | SKY_CLIMATE | Pleistocene pluvial systems → Holocene variability → drought/fire/climate-pressure clocks
T003 | WATER | rivers/wetlands → canals/storage → dams/diversions → rights/restoration
T004 | FOOD | foraging/fishing/hunting → cultivation/storage → mixed economies → modern food sovereignty
T005 | BISON | grassland keystone relation → communal hunting → horse recombination → near-extirpation → restoration
T006 | HORSE | colonial introduction → Indigenous network diffusion → mounted capability → new dependencies
T007 | PUEBLO | early cultivation → villages → Chaco/Mesa Verde networks → migration/recombination → living Pueblo nations
T008 | HUHUGAM_HOHOKAM | deep Sonoran irrigation → archaeological Hohokam horizon → Classic reconfiguration → O’odham living continuity
T009 | MOGOLLON | pithouse/ceramic regional traditions → Mimbres/Jornada/etc. → later recombination
T010 | FREMONT | mixed farming-foraging villages → material transformation after 1300 → unresolved plural continuities
T011 | NORTHWEST_COAST | salmon/cedar/marine field → storage/plank houses/canoes → colonial disruption → sovereignty/repair
T012 | CALIFORNIA | managed landscapes → basketry/maritime/trade/shell value → missions/settler violence → cultural fire/land repair
T013 | COLONIAL_CONTROL | disease → missions/fur trade → military/property expansion → reserves/reservations/boarding schools
T014 | EVIDENCE_TIME | oral tradition + archaeology + colonial archives + genetics + law + current sensing; clocks remain non-identical
T015 | REPAIR | survival → self-determination → repatriation → title/land return → ecological/cultural regeneration
T016 | ENDIST | carrier/path/friction/buffer/receiver analysis across canal, horse, canoe, trade, river and digital systems

========================================================================================================
14 | GRAPH / CONNECTOR REGISTER

NASWP.C001 | OBJECT_50_ARCTIC_SUBARCTIC | northern coastal/interior and Athabaskan interfaces
NASWP.C002 | OBJECT_51_EASTERN_WOODLANDS_MISSISSIPPI | Plains–Woodlands horticulture, trade and population interfaces
NASWP.C003 | OBJECT_53_MESOAMERICA | maize, cotton, iconography, copper bells, macaws, ballgame and northern-Mexico interaction; no identity merger
NASWP.C004 | PACIFIC_OCEAN | marine ecology, Northwest Coast and California maritime systems
NASWP.C005 | SPANISH_ATLANTIC_IMPERIAL | missions, livestock, law, trade, violence and disease
NASWP.C006 | BRITISH_RUSSIAN_AMERICAN_PACIFIC | fur trade and maritime empires
NASWP.C007 | US_SETTLER_STATE | military, treaty, reservation, federal Indian law, dams, extraction
NASWP.C008 | CANADIAN_SETTLER_STATE | reserve, Indian Act/colonial governance, title and reconciliation interfaces
NASWP.C009 | MEXICAN_STATE | northern Mexico/Southwest historical and modern interface
NASWP.C010 | BISON_GRASSLAND | animal/ecology field crossing object boundaries
NASWP.C011 | COLORADO_RIVER | hydrological owner object → Southwest farm/urban/legal child clocks
NASWP.C012 | COLUMBIA_KLAMATH_RIVERS | salmon, hydropower and sovereignty interfaces
NASWP.C013 | NAGPRA_MUSEUM | custody, evidence, repatriation and research governance
NASWP.C014 | HORSE_NETWORK | Iberian origin → Indigenous horizontal transfer → Plains/Rockies capability
NASWP.C015 | CLIMATE_FIRE | drought, snowpack, fire and ecological repair; causal gate mandatory
NASWP.C016 | GENOMICS_DATA_SOVEREIGNTY | scientific evidence only through consent/governance and non-exclusivity rules

HORIZONTAL_EDGE_BURDEN
Every contact claim must specify carrier, direction, time, space and evidence. Similarity alone is not contact.
Mesoamerican crops/objects may travel through many intermediaries; imported macaws or copper bells do not make
Chaco “Mesoamerican,” and ballcourts do not make Hohokam one Mesoamerican polity.

========================================================================================================
15 | INVARIANT-CONVERGENCE REGISTER

NASWP.I001 | COMPLEXITY_WITHOUT_CEREAL_AGRICULTURE
LAW_SCOPE: cross-domain comparative relation; coefficients/local mechanisms require calibration.
LAW: High social, storage, trade and governance complexity can arise from marine/forest or managed-wild-resource systems.
LOCAL_DELTA: Northwest Coast and California supply falsifiers to agriculture-only civilisation ladders.
FALSIFIER: Would fail if all demonstrated complexity depended on cereal farming or imported state institutions.
NASWP.I002 | ROUTE_IS_NOT_CORRIDOR
LAW_SCOPE: cross-domain comparative relation; coefficients/local mechanisms require calibration.
LAW: Geographic reachability is not an operating exchange route.
LOCAL_DELTA: Carrier, season, rights, security, vehicle and receiving capacity are required.
FALSIFIER: Would fail if connection could be demonstrated from spatial adjacency alone.
NASWP.I003 | ARCHAEOLOGICAL_LABEL_NON_IDENTITY
LAW_SCOPE: cross-domain comparative relation; coefficients/local mechanisms require calibration.
LAW: An archaeological culture label does not equal a self-identified people.
LOCAL_DELTA: Hohokam, Mogollon, Fremont and archaeological Pueblo classifications remain evidence categories.
FALSIFIER: Would fail if direct community-controlled evidence established exact equivalence for a bounded case; even then the law remains general.
NASWP.I004 | CAPABILITY_DEPENDS_ON_INTERFACE
LAW_SCOPE: cross-domain comparative relation; coefficients/local mechanisms require calibration.
LAW: A technology’s useful effect depends on interface capacity and maintenance.
LOCAL_DELTA: Canal, canoe, horse, storage and shell-value systems all require support chains.
FALSIFIER: Would fail if capability output stayed constant when interface/maintenance was removed.
NASWP.I005 | MIGRATION_IS_NOT_DISAPPEARANCE
LAW_SCOPE: cross-domain comparative relation; coefficients/local mechanisms require calibration.
LAW: Settlement abandonment can be functional-host migration rather than population extinction.
LOCAL_DELTA: Mesa Verde/Chaco to later Pueblo worlds is a major example.
FALSIFIER: Would fail only where independent demographic evidence demonstrated extinction rather than movement/recombination.
NASWP.I006 | EVIDENCE_TIME_IS_NOT_EVENT_TIME
LAW_SCOPE: cross-domain comparative relation; coefficients/local mechanisms require calibration.
LAW: A practice may predate the archive that first records it.
LOCAL_DELTA: Horse archaeology/oral history and White Sands dating illustrate archive lag.
FALSIFIER: Would fail if all events were contemporaneously observed by the surviving source class.
NASWP.I007 | REPAIR_REQUIRES_RECEIVER_RECOVERY
LAW_SCOPE: cross-domain comparative relation; coefficients/local mechanisms require calibration.
LAW: Legal recognition or funding is not completed repair.
LOCAL_DELTA: NAGPRA, Haida title, cultural burning and land-back require achieved-state checks.
FALSIFIER: Would fail if formal change alone necessarily restored practical capability and affected receivers.
NASWP.I008 | ADAPTATION_IS_CONFIGURATION_CHANGE
LAW_SCOPE: cross-domain comparative relation; coefficients/local mechanisms require calibration.
LAW: Civilisational persistence often requires remapping food, mobility, storage, social or route configurations as conditions shift.
LOCAL_DELTA: Different western systems show multiple viable configurations rather than one optimum.
FALSIFIER: Would fail if one fixed configuration dominated across all substrate regimes without adaptation cost.

========================================================================================================
16 | CIVILISATION CAT SCAN / SIX-OBSERVER OUTPUT

FLOOR
Water, fire, grass, bison, salmon, cedar, oak, soil and routes are active substrates. Modern state maps are not.
BODY
Households, villages, nations, herds, farms, canals, trade networks, missions, reservations/reserves and states
overlap; no single body owns the whole object.
FLOW
Track food, water, timber, shell, turquoise, horses, bison, people, pathogens, information, law and capital with
typed carriers. Do not put them into one generic “influence” variable.
MEMORY
Oral traditions, place names, architecture, rock art, language, archives, museum collections and genomics have
different custody and epistemic clocks.
SENSOR
Weather knowledge, celestial observation, herd/fish cycles, archaeology, dendrochronology, oral testimony,
legal records and modern ecological monitoring each see different state variables.
CONTROL
Kin/household authority, irrigation coordination, territorial/resource rights, ceremonial institutions, tribal
governments, colonial missions, federal/provincial/state law and markets can coexist or conflict.
REPAIR
Migration, cultural persistence, self-determination, repatriation, title recognition, land return, bison/salmon
restoration, cultural fire and language renewal must be measured at receivers.
EDGE
Mesoamerica, Eastern Woodlands, Arctic/Subarctic, Pacific, Spanish/British/Russian empires and modern U.S./Canada/
Mexico are typed interfaces, never silent background.

SIX OBSERVERS
SKY: What do rain, snow, fire weather, celestial cycles and seasonality permit or constrain?
STRATEGIST: Which capability can reconfigure when the field changes, and which is locked into high maintenance?
GENERAL: Where are force, coercion, route control and mobilization concentrated?
ENGINEER: What material/energy/labour chain actually makes canals, houses, boats, horses, storage or dams work?
RECEIVER: Who receives food, water, safety, mobility, law, education, heritage return or restoration?
NOBODY: Which captive, child, laborer, displaced family, downstream community, animal population or sacred place
disappears if the analysis follows only the powerful archive?

========================================================================================================
17 | CIVOS / DASHBOARD COMPATIBILITY WITHOUT VERSION CONTAMINATION

Downstream diagnostic compile only:
Purpose -> Sense -> State Estimator -> Gauge Compiler -> Detect -> Diagnose -> CAUSAL GATE -> Decide -> Protect
-> Act -> Learn -> Warehouse.

Universal state vector for any chosen zoom:
S = STATE; M = MOTION; G = GAP; C = CONTROL; R = RESILIENCE; P = PROPAGATION; U = UNCERTAINTY.

Capability ladder:
STATED -> AVAILABLE -> DEPLOYABLE -> EXERCISED -> EFFECTIVE.

This chronology does not score ancient societies on a modern dashboard. The compatibility surface exists so a
later CivilisationOS analysis can ask whether a claimed capability was actually accessible, maintained, distributed,
absorbed and regenerative at its own historical state.

========================================================================================================
18 | UNCERTAINTY, EVIDENCE JUSTICE, REPAIR AND FISSION QUEUES

OPEN UNCERTAINTY QUEUES
U001 White Sands ancestry relationships beyond documented presence.
U002 Early maize transfer routes and demographic mechanisms.
U003 Chaco political constitution and uneven regional participation.
U004 Relative causal weights in 12th–13th-century Pueblo migrations.
U005 Hohokam archaeological horizon vs specific Huhugam/O’odham genealogies by place.
U006 Mogollon branch relationships to living communities.
U007 Fremont population/language relationships after 1300.
U008 Local timing and social effects of horse adoption across Plains nations.
U009 Population impacts and transmission routes for epidemic waves by nation/place.
U010 Pre-contact California population/network estimates and monetary interpretation boundaries.

EVIDENCE JUSTICE
Oral tradition is not demoted because it is oral. Archaeology is not promoted because it is material. Genomics
is not made sovereign because it is quantitative. Colonial archives are not neutral because they are written.
Each source has custody, observer position, survival bias, resolution and permissible-use boundaries.

TRUE REVERSE HYDRA
For any modern repair, trace backward to the damaged substrate/control relation and outward to all affected
receivers. A returned object without land access; a title without operational jurisdiction; a cultural burn law
without permits/land/people; or a bison herd without habitat/tribal access remains partial repair.

FISSION TRIGGER
Split Object 52 when a child region can independently support: substrate receipts; >=50 high-quality protected
records; living-nation governance/evidence routes; source ledger; uncertainty register; graph connectors; and a
valid parent-pointer map. Fission increases resolution but never rewrites shared record provenance.

========================================================================================================
19 | SOURCE LEDGER, VALIDATION AND RELEASE RECEIPT

NASWP.S001 | NPS | Fossilized Footprints — White Sands National Park | https://www.nps.gov/whsa/learn/nature/fossilized-footprints.htm
NASWP.S002 | NPS | Fossils of the 2026 National Fossil Day Artwork | https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/fossils-of-the-2026-national-fossil-day-artwork.htm
NASWP.S003 | NATURE | Picuris Pueblo oral history and genomics reveal continuity in US Southwest (2025) | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-08791-9
NASWP.S004 | UNESCO | Chaco Culture World Heritage property | https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/353
NASWP.S005 | NPS | Pueblo Bonito — Chaco Culture National Historical Park | https://www.nps.gov/places/pueblo-bonito.htm
NASWP.S006 | NPS | Chaco Canyon Place Names | https://www.nps.gov/chcu/learn/historyculture/places.htm
NASWP.S007 | NPS | Chaco Culture National Historical Park — History & Culture | https://www.nps.gov/chcu/learn/historyculture/index.htm
NASWP.S008 | UNESCO | Mesa Verde National Park World Heritage property | https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/27/
NASWP.S009 | NPS | Mesa Verde — People / We Are Still Here | https://home.nps.gov/meve/learn/historyculture/people.htm
NASWP.S010 | ARCHAEOLOGY_SOUTHWEST | Who or What Is Hohokam? | https://www.archaeologysouthwest.org/free-resources/fact-sheets/who-or-what-is-the-hohokam/
NASWP.S011 | ARCHAEOLOGY_SOUTHWEST | Hohokam Culture overview | https://www.archaeologysouthwest.org/ancient-cultures/hohokam/
NASWP.S012 | ARCHAEOLOGY_SOUTHWEST | Who or What Is the Mogollon? | https://www.archaeologysouthwest.org/free-resources/fact-sheets/who-or-what-is-mogollon/
NASWP.S013 | ARCHAEOLOGY_SOUTHWEST | Mogollon Culture overview | https://www.archaeologysouthwest.org/ancient-cultures/mogollon/
NASWP.S014 | NPS | Fremont Culture — Great Basin National Park | https://www.nps.gov/grba/learn/historyculture/fremont-culture.htm
NASWP.S015 | NPS | Fremont Culture — Capitol Reef National Park | https://www.nps.gov/care/learn/historyculture/fremont.htm
NASWP.S016 | NSF | Horses part of Indigenous cultures longer than Western historians thought (2023) | https://www.nsf.gov/science-matters/horses-part-indigenous-cultures-longer-western-historians
NASWP.S017 | SCIENCE | Early dispersal of domestic horses into the Great Plains and northern Rockies (2023) | https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adc9691
NASWP.S018 | SMITHSONIAN | Smithsonian Bison — 2026 | https://naturalhistory.si.edu/exhibits/smithsonian-bison
NASWP.S019 | SMITHSONIAN | Restoring the Plains Bison | https://nationalzoo.si.edu/conservation/great-plains-science/restoring-the-plains-bison
NASWP.S020 | UNESCO | SGang Gwaay World Heritage property | https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/157/
NASWP.S021 | PEER_REVIEWED | Hierarchy, Communalism, and the Spatial Order of Northwest Coast Plank Houses | https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/american-antiquity/article/abs/hierarchy-communalism-and-the-spatial-order-of-northwest-coast-plank-houses-a-comparative-study/87F1B534C114972EEE89788406DC8B4A
NASWP.S022 | PEER_REVIEWED | The origin and use of shell bead money in California | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278416520302105
NASWP.S023 | NPS | National NAGPRA Program — Policy | https://www.nps.gov/subjects/nagpra/policy.htm
NASWP.S024 | BC_LAW | Haida Nation Recognition Amendment Act, 2024 | https://www.bclaws.gov.bc.ca/civix/document/id/lc/billsprevious/5th42nd%3Agov25-3
NASWP.S025 | CALIFORNIA_LAW | California Public Resources Code §4002.4 — cultural burning | https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=PRC&sectionNum=4002.4.
NASWP.S026 | CALIFORNIA_CEQA | North Fork Mono Tribe Cultural Resources Revitalization Project — 2026 | https://ceqanet.lci.ca.gov/2026041375
NASWP.S027 | CA_WATER_BOARD | Quartz Valley ancestral-land acquisition / Klamath Basin — 24 July 2026 | https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/press_room/press_releases/2026/pr20260724-tribe-to-regain-ancestral-lands-in-klamath-river-basin.html
NASWP.S028 | NPS | Ancestral Puebloan — Science of the American Southwest | https://www.nps.gov/subjects/swscience/ancestral-puebloan.htm
NASWP.S029 | NPS | Pueblo Period — Chaco Culture | https://www.nps.gov/chcu/learn/historyculture/pueblo-period.htm
NASWP.S030 | ARCHAEOLOGY_SOUTHWEST | Early Maize in the Greater Southwest | https://www.archaeologysouthwest.org/product/asw13-1/
NASWP.S031 | NPS | Casa Grande Ruins National Monument — irrigation communities | https://www.nps.gov/cagr/learn/historyculture/index.htm
NASWP.S032 | NPS | Bandelier National Monument — Ancestral Pueblo history | https://www.nps.gov/band/learn/historyculture/ancestral-pueblo-people.htm
NASWP.S033 | UNESCO | Taos Pueblo World Heritage property | https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/492/
NASWP.S034 | NPS | Great Basin National Park — Indigenous history and archaeology | https://www.nps.gov/grba/learn/historyculture/index.htm
NASWP.S035 | NPS | Canyon de Chelly National Monument — history and cultures | https://www.nps.gov/cach/learn/historyculture/index.htm
NASWP.S036 | NPS | Petroglyph National Monument — cultural history | https://www.nps.gov/petr/learn/historyculture/index.htm
NASWP.S037 | NPS | Pipe Spring — Kaibab Paiute and colonial history | https://www.nps.gov/pisp/learn/historyculture/index.htm
NASWP.S038 | NPS | Sand Creek Massacre National Historic Site | https://www.nps.gov/sand/learn/historyculture/index.htm
NASWP.S039 | NPS | Washita Battlefield National Historic Site | https://www.nps.gov/waba/learn/historyculture/index.htm
NASWP.S040 | NPS | Nez Perce National Historical Park | https://www.nps.gov/nepe/learn/historyculture/index.htm
NASWP.S041 | NPS | Whitman Mission National Historic Site — contact and Cayuse history | https://www.nps.gov/whmi/learn/historyculture/index.htm
NASWP.S042 | NPS | San Juan Island National Historical Park — Coast Salish history | https://www.nps.gov/sajh/learn/historyculture/index.htm
NASWP.S043 | PARKS_CANADA | Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve, National Marine Conservation Area Reserve, and Haida Heritage Site | https://parks.canada.ca/pn-np/bc/gwaiihaanas
NASWP.S044 | NPS | Point Reyes — Coast Miwok history | https://www.nps.gov/pore/learn/historyculture/people_coastmiwok.htm
NASWP.S045 | NPS | Channel Islands — Island Chumash history | https://www.nps.gov/chis/learn/historyculture/nativeinhabitants.htm
NASWP.S046 | NPS | Yosemite — American Indian history and contemporary communities | https://www.nps.gov/yose/learn/historyculture/americanindian.htm
NASWP.S047 | NPS | Lava Beds — Modoc history | https://www.nps.gov/labe/learn/historyculture/index.htm
NASWP.S048 | US_GOV | Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act, 25 U.S.C. 3001 et seq. | https://www.nps.gov/subjects/nagpra/law-and-regulations.htm
NASWP.S049 | BIA | Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act overview | https://www.bia.gov/bia/ois/dhs/self-determination
NASWP.S050 | NPS | Boarding School history resources | https://www.nps.gov/subjects/americanindian/boarding-schools.htm

VALIDATION RECEIPT
RECORD_COUNT: 87
TRACK_COUNT: 16
CONNECTOR_COUNT: 16
INVARIANT_COUNT: 8
SOURCE_OBJECT_COUNT: 50
UNIQUE_RECORD_IDS: PASS
SOURCE_REFERENCE_CLOSURE: PASS
VERSION_FIREWALL: PASS
OBJECT_QUEUE: PASS — canonical World Master Object 52
FISSION_READY_NAMESPACE: PASS
UTF8: PASS
PAYLOAD_SHA256: e46190f63cbf4997ae2515f5afa9a598d2b14c2a8ab304a841e0c8ff36dc7853

END OF CANONICAL WORKING MASTER