Call 995 if an older adult suddenly becomes confused or disoriented. Tell the dispatcher what is different from usual and when they were last acting normally. If they are hard to wake, have difficulty breathing or show signs of stroke, report those immediately. MOH guidance on when to call 995 · MOH emergency department guidance · HealthHub stroke signs
A sudden change can be delirium. Someone with dementia can develop delirium too. Tell the medical team if the person is unusually quiet, sleepy, agitated or unable to follow a familiar conversation. SingHealth caregiver guide to dementia and delirium
- Call 995 for sudden confusion.
- Say what the person is usually able to do and what has changed.
- Stay with them, keep the area safe and follow the dispatcher’s instructions.
On this page · Describe the Change From Usual · While Help Is Coming · Frequently Asked Questions
Describe the Change From Usual
A useful example is “He normally knows where he is and answers questions, but he suddenly could not recognise the room at 2 pm.” Say whether the change appeared over hours or days, and whether it comes and goes. Report recent falls, illness, new medicines or a hospital discharge if relevant. SingHealth caregiver guide to dementia and delirium · MOH emergency department guidance
While Help Is Coming
Stay nearby if it is safe and speak calmly. If the person becomes less responsive or their breathing changes, tell the dispatcher immediately. A second caregiver can prepare a medication list and meet the crew at the entrance. MOH guidance on when to call 995 · MOH emergency department guidance
Frequently Asked Questions
What if the person already has dementia?
Call 995 for a sudden change from their usual mental state. Tell responders what the person is normally like. SingHealth caregiver guide to dementia and delirium · MOH guidance on when to call 995
What if they briefly seem clearer?
Report the whole episode, including when it started and any changes since then. Sudden confusion still needs urgent assessment. SingHealth caregiver guide to dementia and delirium · MOH guidance on when to call 995