Manila travel vocabulary in English and Chinese: 100 useful words with English pronunciation, simplified Chinese, Hanyu Pinyin, meanings and example sentences.
Let’s make getting around part of the adventure! In Manila, a clear question can help you choose a route, find the right entrance and arrive ready to enjoy a museum. This guide starts with transport words, then builds the language of directions, visitor information and simple daily arrangements.
中文导读：欢迎来到马尼拉！问清路线、入口和集合时间，会让参观更轻松。本指南从交通英语开始，再带你学习方向、咨询服务、购物用语和行程安排，帮助你把日常交流变成旅行收获。
How to use this Manila vocabulary guide
The English name is approximately muh-NIL-uh; the Chinese name is 马尼拉 (Mǎ ní lā). The pronunciation column uses approximate English respelling, with stressed syllables in capitals. Hanyu Pinyin pronounces the Chinese translation, not the English word. Definitions match the sense used in each example.
For getting around, begin with words 1–40. Choose the terms that match your actual service and check its destination, ticket and current operating arrangements.
For a museum or heritage visit, use words 41–60 with the city notes. Practise asking which entrance to use and whether today’s opening hours differ.
For daily arrangements, use words 61–100. Confirm a meeting point and date, then put the details into a short English–Chinese travel paragraph.
Choose your reading route
The 100 words · City history and visiting notes · Six bilingual conversations · Meaning distinctions · The Fencing Method · Writing model · Practice · Continue with eduKate · Questions · Sources
Full vocabulary index: 1–100
1–10: 1. bus · 2. train · 3. taxi · 4. ferry · 5. tram · 6. metro · 7. jeepney · 8. route · 9. fare · 10. destination
11–20: 11. ticket · 12. return ticket · 13. single ticket · 14. travel card · 15. top-up · 16. ticket machine · 17. ticket office · 18. turnstile · 19. validator · 20. escalator
21–30: 21. express · 22. local · 23. limited-stop · 24. interchange · 25. terminus · 26. stop · 27. request stop · 28. headway · 29. frequency · 30. last service
31–40: 31. priority seat · 32. standing room · 33. aisle · 34. handgrip · 35. intercom · 36. stroller · 37. wheelchair · 38. crutch · 39. luggage trolley · 40. mobility aid
41–50: 41. north · 42. south · 43. east · 44. west · 45. left · 46. right · 47. straight ahead · 48. opposite · 49. beside · 50. nearby
51–60: 51. entrance · 52. information desk · 53. public holiday · 54. opening hours · 55. admission · 56. notice · 57. signpost · 58. signage · 59. bilingual · 60. help desk
61–70: 61. telephone · 62. mobile phone · 63. SIM card · 64. data plan · 65. roaming · 66. coverage · 67. airplane mode · 68. notification · 69. message · 70. voicemail
71–80: 71. purchase · 72. discount · 73. promotion · 74. warranty · 75. return policy · 76. exchange policy · 77. defective · 78. out of stock · 79. in stock · 80. barcode
81–90: 81. noon · 82. midnight · 83. weekday · 84. weekend · 85. today · 86. tomorrow · 87. yesterday · 88. earlier · 89. later · 90. promptly
91–100: 91. appointment · 92. punctual · 93. meeting point · 94. reminder · 95. calendar · 96. date · 97. hour · 98. minute · 99. second · 100. time zone
Practise and retrieve · Try the exercises and answers · Choose another Philippines city
Top 100 vocabulary for visiting and touring Manila
Pick ten words that fit your next task. Say the example aloud, change one detail and try it in a short conversation. These are general English learning terms; the list is not an inventory of services currently operating in Manila.
Words 1–10: Transport and Journeys
| No. | English · pronunciation | 中文 · 拼音 | Meaning · example · use |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bus BUS | 公共汽车 gōng gòng qì chē | A road vehicle carrying multiple passengers on a service or journey. Does this bus go towards the museum? Use it well: Identify the actual service and destination; a general transport word may describe a historical image or another city without promising a present Manila route. Check the example’s subject before adapting the sentence to your own question. |
| 2 | train TRAYN | 列车 liè chē | Connected railway vehicles carrying passengers or goods. Which train should we take? Use it well: Identify the actual service and destination; a general transport word may describe a historical image or another city without promising a present Manila route. Try a different relevant example and explain why this wording still fits. |
| 3 | taxi TAK-see | 出租车 chū zū chē | A car and driver hired to carry passengers. Where is the authorised taxi pickup point? Use it well: Identify the actual service and destination; a general transport word may describe a historical image or another city without promising a present Manila route. Keep any unanswered part as a question rather than silently supplying a detail. |
| 4 | ferry FER-ee | 渡轮 dù lún | A boat carrying people or vehicles across water on a transport service. Is the ferry operating today? Use it well: Identify the actual service and destination; a general transport word may describe a historical image or another city without promising a present Manila route. Read the definition first, then cover it and explain the idea independently. |
| 5 | tram TRAM | 有轨电车 yǒu guǐ diàn chē | A passenger vehicle running on rails, often along city streets. The historical photograph shows a tram. Use it well: Identify the actual service and destination; a general transport word may describe a historical image or another city without promising a present Manila route. Compare the term with a nearby entry and state the difference aloud. |
| 6 | metro MET-roh | 城市轨道交通 chéng shì guǐ dào jiāo tōng | An urban passenger railway system, often partly underground. Does this map show the metro network? Use it well: Identify the actual service and destination; a general transport word may describe a historical image or another city without promising a present Manila route. Use an attributed source when your sentence adds a factual claim. |
| 7 | jeepney JEEP-nee | 吉普尼公共客车 jí pǔ ní gōng gòng kè chē | A Philippine public passenger vehicle associated with jeep-derived designs and newer versions. Which jeepney route serves this area? Use it well: Identify the actual service and destination; a general transport word may describe a historical image or another city without promising a present Manila route. Prefer a short clear explanation when your listener is unfamiliar with the phrase. |
| 8 | route ROOT | 路线 lù xiàn | The path followed between places. Could you show us the route? Use it well: Identify the actual service and destination; a general transport word may describe a historical image or another city without promising a present Manila route. Check that the verb you choose describes the actual relationship involved. |
| 9 | fare FAIR | 车船票价 chē chuán piào jià | The price paid for a passenger transport journey. What is the fare for this journey? Use it well: Identify the actual service and destination; a general transport word may describe a historical image or another city without promising a present Manila route. Tell your partner which detail the term adds to your explanation. |
| 10 | destination des-tih-NAY-shun | 目的地 mù dì dì | The place a person or service is travelling towards. Please check the destination before boarding. Use it well: Identify the actual service and destination; a general transport word may describe a historical image or another city without promising a present Manila route. Revisit the sentence later and see whether you can retrieve the meaning without hints. |
Words 11–20: Tickets and Entry Equipment
| No. | English · pronunciation | 中文 · 拼音 | Meaning · example · use |
|---|---|---|---|
| 11 | ticket TIK-it | 票 piào | A document or electronic record allowing travel or entry. Where can I buy a ticket? Use it well: State the line, journey and ticket type when asking a question; recognising a ticket word does not establish validity on every operator’s service. Check the example’s subject before adapting the sentence to your own question. |
| 12 | return ticket rih-TURN TIK-it | 往返票 wǎng fǎn piào | A ticket covering an outward and a return journey. Is a return ticket available for this service? Use it well: State the line, journey and ticket type when asking a question; recognising a ticket word does not establish validity on every operator’s service. Try a different relevant example and explain why this wording still fits. |
| 13 | single ticket SING-gul TIK-it | 单程票 dān chéng piào | A ticket covering a journey in one direction. I need a single ticket to this station. Use it well: State the line, journey and ticket type when asking a question; recognising a ticket word does not establish validity on every operator’s service. Keep any unanswered part as a question rather than silently supplying a detail. |
| 14 | travel card TRAV-ul kard | 交通卡 jiāo tōng kǎ | A card used to pay for travel on participating transport services. Can this travel card be used on this line? Use it well: State the line, journey and ticket type when asking a question; recognising a ticket word does not establish validity on every operator’s service. Read the definition first, then cover it and explain the idea independently. |
| 15 | top-up TOP-up | 充值 chōng zhí | An addition of money or credit to a prepaid account or card. Where can I make a top-up? Use it well: State the line, journey and ticket type when asking a question; recognising a ticket word does not establish validity on every operator’s service. Compare the term with a nearby entry and state the difference aloud. |
| 16 | ticket machine TIK-it muh-SHEEN | 自动售票机 zì dòng shòu piào jī | A machine used to buy or issue tickets. Does the ticket machine accept this payment method? Use it well: State the line, journey and ticket type when asking a question; recognising a ticket word does not establish validity on every operator’s service. Use an attributed source when your sentence adds a factual claim. |
| 17 | ticket office TIK-it OF-is | 售票处 shòu piào chù | A staffed place where tickets are sold. Is the ticket office open? Use it well: State the line, journey and ticket type when asking a question; recognising a ticket word does not establish validity on every operator’s service. Prefer a short clear explanation when your listener is unfamiliar with the phrase. |
| 18 | turnstile TURN-styl | 闸机 zhá jī | An entrance barrier that controls passage, often one person at a time. Please use the accessible entrance beside the turnstile. Use it well: State the line, journey and ticket type when asking a question; recognising a ticket word does not establish validity on every operator’s service. Check that the verb you choose describes the actual relationship involved. |
| 19 | validator VAL-ih-day-tuh | 验票设备 yàn piào shè bèi | A device checking or recording a ticket or travel card. Where is the ticket validator? Use it well: State the line, journey and ticket type when asking a question; recognising a ticket word does not establish validity on every operator’s service. Tell your partner which detail the term adds to your explanation. |
| 20 | escalator ES-kuh-lay-tuh | 自动扶梯 zì dòng fú tī | A moving staircase carrying people between levels. Where is the escalator to the upper level? Use it well: State the line, journey and ticket type when asking a question; recognising a ticket word does not establish validity on every operator’s service. Revisit the sentence later and see whether you can retrieve the meaning without hints. |
Words 21–30: Service Patterns and Connections
| No. | English · pronunciation | 中文 · 拼音 | Meaning · example · use |
|---|---|---|---|
| 21 | express ik-SPRES | 快车服务 kuài chē fú wù | A transport service making fewer stops or offering a faster journey than a comparable local service. Does the express stop at our destination? Use it well: Confirm the service pattern with the responsible operator; a general description of express or connecting transport does not prove that the option is offered today. Check the example’s subject before adapting the sentence to your own question. |
| 22 | local LOH-kul | 普通停站服务 pǔ tōng tíng zhàn fú wù | A transport service stopping at more intermediate places than an express service. Would the local service suit this journey? Use it well: Confirm the service pattern with the responsible operator; a general description of express or connecting transport does not prove that the option is offered today. Try a different relevant example and explain why this wording still fits. |
| 23 | limited-stop LIM-ih-tid stop | 有限停站的 yǒu xiàn tíng zhàn de | Stopping only at selected points along a route. This timetable marks a limited-stop service. Use it well: Confirm the service pattern with the responsible operator; a general description of express or connecting transport does not prove that the option is offered today. Keep any unanswered part as a question rather than silently supplying a detail. |
| 24 | interchange IN-tuh-chaynj | 换乘枢纽 huàn chéng shū niǔ | A place where passengers can change between transport routes or services. Is this the correct interchange? Use it well: Confirm the service pattern with the responsible operator; a general description of express or connecting transport does not prove that the option is offered today. Read the definition first, then cover it and explain the idea independently. |
| 25 | terminus TER-mih-nus | 终点站 zhōng diǎn zhàn | The end point of a transport route. What is the terminus of this service? Use it well: Confirm the service pattern with the responsible operator; a general description of express or connecting transport does not prove that the option is offered today. Compare the term with a nearby entry and state the difference aloud. |
| 26 | stop STOP | 停靠站 tíng kào zhàn | A place where a transport service picks up or sets down passengers. Is the next stop near the museum? Use it well: Confirm the service pattern with the responsible operator; a general description of express or connecting transport does not prove that the option is offered today. Use an attributed source when your sentence adds a factual claim. |
| 27 | request stop rih-KWEST stop | 按需停靠站 àn xū tíng kào zhàn | A stop served when a passenger signals or asks, under the operator’s rules. Does this service have a request stop? Use it well: Confirm the service pattern with the responsible operator; a general description of express or connecting transport does not prove that the option is offered today. Prefer a short clear explanation when your listener is unfamiliar with the phrase. |
| 28 | headway HED-way | 发车间隔 fā chē jiàn gé | The time interval between successive vehicles passing the same point in the same direction. What is the expected headway this afternoon? Use it well: Confirm the service pattern with the responsible operator; a general description of express or connecting transport does not prove that the option is offered today. Check that the verb you choose describes the actual relationship involved. |
| 29 | frequency FREE-kwun-see | 班次频率 bān cì pín lǜ | How often a transport service runs in a period. Does the frequency change on weekends? Use it well: Confirm the service pattern with the responsible operator; a general description of express or connecting transport does not prove that the option is offered today. Tell your partner which detail the term adds to your explanation. |
| 30 | last service LAHST SUR-vis | 末班服务 mò bān fú wù | The final scheduled journey of a service for a particular day or period. What time is the last service? Use it well: Confirm the service pattern with the responsible operator; a general description of express or connecting transport does not prove that the option is offered today. Revisit the sentence later and see whether you can retrieve the meaning without hints. |
Words 31–40: Passenger Space and Mobility
| No. | English · pronunciation | 中文 · 拼音 | Meaning · example · use |
|---|---|---|---|
| 31 | priority seat pry-OR-ih-tee seet | 优先座位 yōu xiān zuò wèi | A seat designated for passengers with particular needs under the operator’s policy. Please keep the priority seat available for someone who needs it. Use it well: Ask about the particular vehicle or access route you need; a general mobility term does not establish the conditions at a station or entrance. Check the example’s subject before adapting the sentence to your own question. |
| 32 | standing room STAN-ding room | 站立空间 zhàn lì kōng jiān | Space for passengers who are not seated. Is there standing room on this vehicle? Use it well: Ask about the particular vehicle or access route you need; a general mobility term does not establish the conditions at a station or entrance. Try a different relevant example and explain why this wording still fits. |
| 33 | aisle YL | 过道 guò dào | A passage between rows of seats or other fixtures. Please keep the aisle clear. Use it well: Ask about the particular vehicle or access route you need; a general mobility term does not establish the conditions at a station or entrance. Keep any unanswered part as a question rather than silently supplying a detail. |
| 34 | handgrip HAND-grip | 扶手握把 fú shǒu wò bǎ | A handle designed to be held for support. Hold the handgrip while the vehicle is moving. Use it well: Ask about the particular vehicle or access route you need; a general mobility term does not establish the conditions at a station or entrance. Read the definition first, then cover it and explain the idea independently. |
| 35 | intercom IN-tuh-kom | 内部通话装置 nèi bù tōng huà zhuāng zhì | A system allowing communication between people in different parts of a place or vehicle. Where is the passenger intercom? Use it well: Ask about the particular vehicle or access route you need; a general mobility term does not establish the conditions at a station or entrance. Compare the term with a nearby entry and state the difference aloud. |
| 36 | stroller STROH-luh | 儿童推车 ér tóng tuī chē | A wheeled chair used to carry a young child. What are the rules for bringing a stroller? Use it well: Ask about the particular vehicle or access route you need; a general mobility term does not establish the conditions at a station or entrance. Use an attributed source when your sentence adds a factual claim. |
| 37 | wheelchair WEEL-chair | 轮椅 lún yǐ | A chair with wheels used by someone who needs mobility support. Which entrance is suitable for a wheelchair? Use it well: Ask about the particular vehicle or access route you need; a general mobility term does not establish the conditions at a station or entrance. Prefer a short clear explanation when your listener is unfamiliar with the phrase. |
| 38 | crutch KRUCH | 拐杖 guǎi zhàng | A support held under an arm or around the forearm to assist walking. The passenger is using a crutch. Use it well: Ask about the particular vehicle or access route you need; a general mobility term does not establish the conditions at a station or entrance. Check that the verb you choose describes the actual relationship involved. |
| 39 | luggage trolley LUG-ij TROL-ee | 行李推车 xíng li tuī chē | A wheeled cart used to move bags. Where can I return the luggage trolley? Use it well: Ask about the particular vehicle or access route you need; a general mobility term does not establish the conditions at a station or entrance. Tell your partner which detail the term adds to your explanation. |
| 40 | mobility aid moh-BIL-ih-tee ayd | 行动辅助器具 xíng dòng fǔ zhù qì jù | Equipment helping a person move around. Can this entrance accommodate my mobility aid? Use it well: Ask about the particular vehicle or access route you need; a general mobility term does not establish the conditions at a station or entrance. Revisit the sentence later and see whether you can retrieve the meaning without hints. |
Words 41–50: Directions and Relative Position
| No. | English · pronunciation | 中文 · 拼音 | Meaning · example · use |
|---|---|---|---|
| 41 | north NORTH | 北方 běi fāng | The direction towards the North Pole. The arrow points north. Use it well: Give a clear reference point when describing direction; relative words depend on the speaker’s position and should be checked against the intended destination. Check the example’s subject before adapting the sentence to your own question. |
| 42 | south SOUTH | 南方 nán fāng | The direction opposite north. Our destination is south of this square. Use it well: Give a clear reference point when describing direction; relative words depend on the speaker’s position and should be checked against the intended destination. Try a different relevant example and explain why this wording still fits. |
| 43 | east EEST | 东方 dōng fāng | The cardinal direction opposite west. The map shows the museum to the east. Use it well: Give a clear reference point when describing direction; relative words depend on the speaker’s position and should be checked against the intended destination. Keep any unanswered part as a question rather than silently supplying a detail. |
| 44 | west WEST | 西方 xī fāng | The cardinal direction opposite east. We need to travel west from here. Use it well: Give a clear reference point when describing direction; relative words depend on the speaker’s position and should be checked against the intended destination. Read the definition first, then cover it and explain the idea independently. |
| 45 | left LEFT | 左边 zuǒ biān | The side opposite right from a specified viewpoint. Turn left at the next crossing. Use it well: Give a clear reference point when describing direction; relative words depend on the speaker’s position and should be checked against the intended destination. Compare the term with a nearby entry and state the difference aloud. |
| 46 | right RYT | 右边 yòu biān | The side opposite left from a specified viewpoint. The entrance is on your right. Use it well: Give a clear reference point when describing direction; relative words depend on the speaker’s position and should be checked against the intended destination. Use an attributed source when your sentence adds a factual claim. |
| 47 | straight ahead STRAYT uh-HED | 正前方 zhèng qián fāng | In front of you along the direction you are facing. Continue straight ahead to the information desk. Use it well: Give a clear reference point when describing direction; relative words depend on the speaker’s position and should be checked against the intended destination. Prefer a short clear explanation when your listener is unfamiliar with the phrase. |
| 48 | opposite OP-uh-zit | 在对面 zài duì miàn | On the other side, facing something. The ticket office is opposite the entrance. Use it well: Give a clear reference point when describing direction; relative words depend on the speaker’s position and should be checked against the intended destination. Check that the verb you choose describes the actual relationship involved. |
| 49 | beside bih-SYD | 在旁边 zài páng biān | Next to someone or something. The signpost is beside the doorway. Use it well: Give a clear reference point when describing direction; relative words depend on the speaker’s position and should be checked against the intended destination. Tell your partner which detail the term adds to your explanation. |
| 50 | nearby NEER-by | 在附近 zài fù jìn | Close to the place being discussed. Is there an information desk nearby? Use it well: Give a clear reference point when describing direction; relative words depend on the speaker’s position and should be checked against the intended destination. Revisit the sentence later and see whether you can retrieve the meaning without hints. |
Words 51–60: Visitor Information and Signs
| No. | English · pronunciation | 中文 · 拼音 | Meaning · example · use |
|---|---|---|---|
| 51 | entrance EN-truns | 入口 rù kǒu | A way into a building or place. Which entrance should our group use? Use it well: Read the notice’s date, scope and issuing institution; general visitor vocabulary does not turn an old sign into confirmation of current arrangements. Check the example’s subject before adapting the sentence to your own question. |
| 52 | information desk in-fuh-MAY-shun desk | 咨询处 zī xún chù | A staffed place providing visitor information. Let’s ask at the information desk. Use it well: Read the notice’s date, scope and issuing institution; general visitor vocabulary does not turn an old sign into confirmation of current arrangements. Try a different relevant example and explain why this wording still fits. |
| 53 | public holiday PUB-lik HOL-ih-day | 公共假日 gōng gòng jià rì | An officially recognised holiday that may affect services and opening arrangements. Are the opening hours different on a public holiday? Use it well: Read the notice’s date, scope and issuing institution; general visitor vocabulary does not turn an old sign into confirmation of current arrangements. Keep any unanswered part as a question rather than silently supplying a detail. |
| 54 | opening hours OH-puh-ning ow-uhz | 开放时间 kāi fàng shí jiān | The times during which a place is open to visitors or customers. Could you confirm today’s opening hours? Use it well: Read the notice’s date, scope and issuing institution; general visitor vocabulary does not turn an old sign into confirmation of current arrangements. Read the definition first, then cover it and explain the idea independently. |
| 55 | admission ad-MISH-un | 入场许可 rù chǎng xǔ kě | Permission or entitlement to enter a place. Does admission include this exhibition? Use it well: Read the notice’s date, scope and issuing institution; general visitor vocabulary does not turn an old sign into confirmation of current arrangements. Compare the term with a nearby entry and state the difference aloud. |
| 56 | notice NOH-tis | 告示 gào shì | A written announcement giving information or instructions. Please read the notice before entering. Use it well: Read the notice’s date, scope and issuing institution; general visitor vocabulary does not turn an old sign into confirmation of current arrangements. Use an attributed source when your sentence adds a factual claim. |
| 57 | signpost SYNE-pohst | 路标 lù biāo | A post carrying signs that indicate directions or locations. The signpost points towards the museum. Use it well: Read the notice’s date, scope and issuing institution; general visitor vocabulary does not turn an old sign into confirmation of current arrangements. Prefer a short clear explanation when your listener is unfamiliar with the phrase. |
| 58 | signage SY-nij | 标识系统 biāo zhì xì tǒng | Signs used collectively to provide information in a place. The signage helps visitors find the entrance. Use it well: Read the notice’s date, scope and issuing institution; general visitor vocabulary does not turn an old sign into confirmation of current arrangements. Check that the verb you choose describes the actual relationship involved. |
| 59 | bilingual by-LING-gwul | 双语的 shuāng yǔ de | Using or involving two languages. This bilingual notice has English and Chinese text. Use it well: Read the notice’s date, scope and issuing institution; general visitor vocabulary does not turn an old sign into confirmation of current arrangements. Tell your partner which detail the term adds to your explanation. |
| 60 | help desk HELP desk | 服务协助台 fú wù xié zhù tái | A place or service providing assistance with problems. Could the help desk explain the booking process? Use it well: Read the notice’s date, scope and issuing institution; general visitor vocabulary does not turn an old sign into confirmation of current arrangements. Revisit the sentence later and see whether you can retrieve the meaning without hints. |
Words 61–70: Phone Communication
| No. | English · pronunciation | 中文 · 拼音 | Meaning · example · use |
|---|---|---|---|
| 61 | telephone TEL-ih-fohn | 电话 diàn huà | A device or system used for spoken communication over a distance. May I use the telephone? Use it well: State the device, message or communication action involved; knowing the phrase does not guarantee connectivity or that a recipient has received the information. Check the example’s subject before adapting the sentence to your own question. |
| 62 | mobile phone MOH-byl fohn | 手机 shǒu jī | A portable telephone using a wireless network. Please silence your mobile phone in this room. Use it well: State the device, message or communication action involved; knowing the phrase does not guarantee connectivity or that a recipient has received the information. Try a different relevant example and explain why this wording still fits. |
| 63 | SIM card SIM kard | 用户识别卡 yòng hù shí bié kǎ | A card identifying a subscriber to a mobile network. Does this phone take a physical SIM card? Use it well: State the device, message or communication action involved; knowing the phrase does not guarantee connectivity or that a recipient has received the information. Keep any unanswered part as a question rather than silently supplying a detail. |
| 64 | data plan DAY-tuh plan | 移动数据套餐 yí dòng shù jù tào cān | An arrangement providing a specified allowance or terms for mobile data use. How long does this data plan last? Use it well: State the device, message or communication action involved; knowing the phrase does not guarantee connectivity or that a recipient has received the information. Read the definition first, then cover it and explain the idea independently. |
| 65 | roaming ROH-ming | 漫游 màn yóu | Using mobile service through a network other than the subscriber’s home network. What are the roaming charges? Use it well: State the device, message or communication action involved; knowing the phrase does not guarantee connectivity or that a recipient has received the information. Compare the term with a nearby entry and state the difference aloud. |
| 66 | coverage KUV-uh-rij | 信号覆盖 xìn hào fù gài | The area in which a network provides usable service. Is there mobile coverage in this area? Use it well: State the device, message or communication action involved; knowing the phrase does not guarantee connectivity or that a recipient has received the information. Use an attributed source when your sentence adds a factual claim. |
| 67 | airplane mode AIR-playn mohd | 飞行模式 fēi xíng mó shì | A device setting disabling cellular communication and usually other radios initially, depending on the device. Where is the airplane mode setting? Use it well: State the device, message or communication action involved; knowing the phrase does not guarantee connectivity or that a recipient has received the information. Prefer a short clear explanation when your listener is unfamiliar with the phrase. |
| 68 | notification noh-tih-fih-KAY-shun | 通知 tōng zhī | An alert informing someone about an event or update. I received a notification about the visit. Use it well: State the device, message or communication action involved; knowing the phrase does not guarantee connectivity or that a recipient has received the information. Check that the verb you choose describes the actual relationship involved. |
| 69 | message MES-ij | 消息 xiāo xi | Information sent or conveyed to someone. Could you send me a message with the meeting point? Use it well: State the device, message or communication action involved; knowing the phrase does not guarantee connectivity or that a recipient has received the information. Tell your partner which detail the term adds to your explanation. |
| 70 | voicemail VOYS-mayl | 语音留言 yǔ yīn liú yán | A recorded spoken message left when a call is not answered. The office left a voicemail. Use it well: State the device, message or communication action involved; knowing the phrase does not guarantee connectivity or that a recipient has received the information. Revisit the sentence later and see whether you can retrieve the meaning without hints. |
Words 71–80: Shopping and Product Questions
| No. | English · pronunciation | 中文 · 拼音 | Meaning · example · use |
|---|---|---|---|
| 71 | purchase PUR-chus | 购买 gòu mǎi | To buy something. Where can I purchase the correct ticket? Use it well: Ask about the actual item and written terms before purchasing; a model shopping exchange does not establish every seller’s price, stock or policy. Check the example’s subject before adapting the sentence to your own question. |
| 72 | discount DIS-kownt | 折扣 zhé kòu | A reduction from a usual price. Who is eligible for this discount? Use it well: Ask about the actual item and written terms before purchasing; a model shopping exchange does not establish every seller’s price, stock or policy. Try a different relevant example and explain why this wording still fits. |
| 73 | promotion pruh-MOH-shun | 促销活动 cù xiāo huó dòng | A special offer or campaign intended to encourage purchases. Does this promotion apply to the item I chose? Use it well: Ask about the actual item and written terms before purchasing; a model shopping exchange does not establish every seller’s price, stock or policy. Keep any unanswered part as a question rather than silently supplying a detail. |
| 74 | warranty WOR-un-tee | 保修保证 bǎo xiū bǎo zhèng | A seller’s or maker’s undertaking concerning a product under stated terms. What does the warranty cover? Use it well: Ask about the actual item and written terms before purchasing; a model shopping exchange does not establish every seller’s price, stock or policy. Read the definition first, then cover it and explain the idea independently. |
| 75 | return policy rih-TURN POL-ih-see | 退货政策 tuì huò zhèng cè | A seller’s stated conditions for returning purchased goods. Could you explain the return policy? Use it well: Ask about the actual item and written terms before purchasing; a model shopping exchange does not establish every seller’s price, stock or policy. Compare the term with a nearby entry and state the difference aloud. |
| 76 | exchange policy iks-CHAYNJ POL-ih-see | 换货政策 huàn huò zhèng cè | A seller’s stated conditions for replacing purchased goods with other goods. What is the exchange policy for this item? Use it well: Ask about the actual item and written terms before purchasing; a model shopping exchange does not establish every seller’s price, stock or policy. Use an attributed source when your sentence adds a factual claim. |
| 77 | defective dih-FEK-tiv | 有缺陷的 yǒu quē xiàn de | Having a fault that affects quality or function. This item appears to be defective. Use it well: Ask about the actual item and written terms before purchasing; a model shopping exchange does not establish every seller’s price, stock or policy. Prefer a short clear explanation when your listener is unfamiliar with the phrase. |
| 78 | out of stock OWT uv stok | 缺货的 quē huò de | Not currently available in a seller’s inventory. Is this size out of stock? Use it well: Ask about the actual item and written terms before purchasing; a model shopping exchange does not establish every seller’s price, stock or policy. Check that the verb you choose describes the actual relationship involved. |
| 79 | in stock IN stok | 有库存的 yǒu kù cún de | Currently available in a seller’s inventory. Do you have this colour in stock? Use it well: Ask about the actual item and written terms before purchasing; a model shopping exchange does not establish every seller’s price, stock or policy. Tell your partner which detail the term adds to your explanation. |
| 80 | barcode BAR-kohd | 条形码 tiáo xíng mǎ | A machine-readable code represented by bars, used to identify an item or record. The barcode will not scan. Use it well: Ask about the actual item and written terms before purchasing; a model shopping exchange does not establish every seller’s price, stock or policy. Revisit the sentence later and see whether you can retrieve the meaning without hints. |
Words 81–90: Days and Timing
| No. | English · pronunciation | 中文 · 拼音 | Meaning · example · use |
|---|---|---|---|
| 81 | noon NOON | 中午十二点 zhōng wǔ shí èr diǎn | Twelve o’clock in the middle of the day. Our meeting is at noon. Use it well: Specify the date and local time context when making arrangements; a weekday word alone does not identify which week or public-holiday conditions you mean. Check the example’s subject before adapting the sentence to your own question. |
| 82 | midnight MID-nyt | 午夜十二点 wǔ yè shí èr diǎn | Twelve o’clock at the boundary between two calendar days. The offer ends at midnight. Use it well: Specify the date and local time context when making arrangements; a weekday word alone does not identify which week or public-holiday conditions you mean. Try a different relevant example and explain why this wording still fits. |
| 83 | weekday WEEK-day | 工作日 gōng zuò rì | A day other than the usual weekend, commonly Monday to Friday in this context. Does the service run on every weekday? Use it well: Specify the date and local time context when making arrangements; a weekday word alone does not identify which week or public-holiday conditions you mean. Keep any unanswered part as a question rather than silently supplying a detail. |
| 84 | weekend WEEK-end | 周末 zhōu mò | The usual weekly break, commonly Saturday and Sunday in this context. Will the museum be open this weekend? Use it well: Specify the date and local time context when making arrangements; a weekday word alone does not identify which week or public-holiday conditions you mean. Read the definition first, then cover it and explain the idea independently. |
| 85 | today tuh-DAY | 今天 jīn tiān | The current day. Is admission available today? Use it well: Specify the date and local time context when making arrangements; a weekday word alone does not identify which week or public-holiday conditions you mean. Compare the term with a nearby entry and state the difference aloud. |
| 86 | tomorrow tuh-MOR-oh | 明天 míng tiān | The day after today. Can we arrange the visit for tomorrow? Use it well: Specify the date and local time context when making arrangements; a weekday word alone does not identify which week or public-holiday conditions you mean. Use an attributed source when your sentence adds a factual claim. |
| 87 | yesterday YES-tuh-day | 昨天 zuó tiān | The day before today. We visited the information desk yesterday. Use it well: Specify the date and local time context when making arrangements; a weekday word alone does not identify which week or public-holiday conditions you mean. Prefer a short clear explanation when your listener is unfamiliar with the phrase. |
| 88 | earlier UR-lee-uh | 更早 gèng zǎo | Before another stated time or event. Could we meet earlier? Use it well: Specify the date and local time context when making arrangements; a weekday word alone does not identify which week or public-holiday conditions you mean. Check that the verb you choose describes the actual relationship involved. |
| 89 | later LAY-tuh | 稍后 shāo hòu | After the present or another stated time. I will check the route later. Use it well: Specify the date and local time context when making arrangements; a weekday word alone does not identify which week or public-holiday conditions you mean. Tell your partner which detail the term adds to your explanation. |
| 90 | promptly PROMPT-lee | 准时地 zhǔn shí de | Without delay or at the arranged time. Please arrive promptly for the appointment. Use it well: Specify the date and local time context when making arrangements; a weekday word alone does not identify which week or public-holiday conditions you mean. Revisit the sentence later and see whether you can retrieve the meaning without hints. |
Words 91–100: Appointments and Time Units
| No. | English · pronunciation | 中文 · 拼音 | Meaning · example · use |
|---|---|---|---|
| 91 | appointment uh-POINT-munt | 预约 yù yuē | An arrangement to meet or receive a service at a particular time. Do we need an appointment? Use it well: Name the date, time and meeting point together; separate an appointment’s confirmed details from a reminder or a suggested plan. Check the example’s subject before adapting the sentence to your own question. |
| 92 | punctual PUNK-choo-ul | 准时的 zhǔn shí de | Arriving or acting at the agreed time. Our group was punctual. Use it well: Name the date, time and meeting point together; separate an appointment’s confirmed details from a reminder or a suggested plan. Try a different relevant example and explain why this wording still fits. |
| 93 | meeting point MEE-ting point | 集合地点 jí hé dì diǎn | An agreed place where people gather. Could you mark the meeting point on the map? Use it well: Name the date, time and meeting point together; separate an appointment’s confirmed details from a reminder or a suggested plan. Keep any unanswered part as a question rather than silently supplying a detail. |
| 94 | reminder rih-MYN-duh | 提醒信息 tí xǐng xìn xī | Something prompting a person to remember a task or arrangement. Set a reminder before leaving the hotel. Use it well: Name the date, time and meeting point together; separate an appointment’s confirmed details from a reminder or a suggested plan. Read the definition first, then cover it and explain the idea independently. |
| 95 | calendar KAL-un-duh | 日历 rì lì | A system or record showing days, dates and arrangements. Add the visit to your calendar. Use it well: Name the date, time and meeting point together; separate an appointment’s confirmed details from a reminder or a suggested plan. Compare the term with a nearby entry and state the difference aloud. |
| 96 | date DAYT | 日期 rì qī | A particular day identified within a calendar. Please confirm the date of the visit. Use it well: Name the date, time and meeting point together; separate an appointment’s confirmed details from a reminder or a suggested plan. Use an attributed source when your sentence adds a factual claim. |
| 97 | hour OW-uh | 小时 xiǎo shí | A unit of time equal to sixty minutes. Allow an extra hour for the journey. Use it well: Name the date, time and meeting point together; separate an appointment’s confirmed details from a reminder or a suggested plan. Prefer a short clear explanation when your listener is unfamiliar with the phrase. |
| 98 | minute MIN-it | 分钟 fēn zhōng | A unit of time equal to sixty seconds. Could you wait one minute? Use it well: Name the date, time and meeting point together; separate an appointment’s confirmed details from a reminder or a suggested plan. Check that the verb you choose describes the actual relationship involved. |
| 99 | second SEK-und | 秒 miǎo | A basic unit of time; sixty seconds make one minute. The display updates every second. Use it well: Name the date, time and meeting point together; separate an appointment’s confirmed details from a reminder or a suggested plan. Tell your partner which detail the term adds to your explanation. |
| 100 | time zone TYM zohn | 时区 shí qū | An area or timekeeping region using a specified standard clock time. Which time zone does this booking use? Use it well: Name the date, time and meeting point together; separate an appointment’s confirmed details from a reminder or a suggested plan. Revisit the sentence later and see whether you can retrieve the meaning without hints. |
Manila: history and visiting notes
Give each stop time to become more than a name on an itinerary. Check practical arrangements first, then notice the building, the objects and the explanation of what happened there.
Intramuros: choose a place before choosing a route
Intramuros brings together historic sites, museums and places of worship. Start with the Intramuros Administration’s site list and choose one or two stops you would like to understand properly. Check each site’s entrance and opening arrangements rather than treating the whole district as one attraction with one ticket. A useful first question is: “Which entrance should we use?” Explore the Intramuros Administration’s site list.
中文：王城区包含历史地点、博物馆和宗教场所。先选一两处想认真了解的地方，再分别核对入口和开放安排，不要假设整个区域共用一张门票。
Fort Santiago: a fort with more than one historical layer
The Intramuros Administration dates Fort Santiago’s construction to 1590 during the Spanish colonial period. Its visitor material also connects the site with José Rizal and the destruction of Manila during the Second World War. Read a reliable explanation before writing about the site. “Old” is a useful first observation; the period, purpose and people make the account more informative. Follow the site’s current signs when deciding where to walk. Read the administration’s historical site descriptions. Explore its Fort Santiago history.
中文：王城区管理机构将圣地亚哥堡的修建年代列为1590年。这里也关联何塞·黎刹及第二次世界大战中的马尼拉历史。写作时，应把年代、用途与人物交代清楚。
Casa Manila: distinguish a museum setting from an original house
Casa Manila presents the domestic life of nineteenth-century upper-class families. The administration identifies the museum as constructed in 1981. That distinction matters: the period represented by a display is not necessarily the construction date of the building you are visiting. Read the notice and ask what admission includes. A careful question can improve both your visit and your writing. Check the official description of Casa Manila. Explore Casa Manila.
中文：卡萨马尼拉展示十九世纪上层家庭的居家生活，但管理机构说明该博物馆建于1981年。展览所呈现的年代，不一定就是眼前建筑的修建年代。
National Museum: a building with a changing job
The National Museum of Fine Arts occupies the Old Legislative Building. The museum’s own account describes construction between 1918 and 1926 and rebuilding after wartime damage in 1949. Use the information desk to ask about the current visitor route and exhibitions. An old building can carry several histories; keep its original purpose, later changes and present museum use distinct. Read the National Museum’s building history.
中文：国家美术博物馆位于旧立法大楼。馆方说明建筑修建于1918至1926年，并于战后1949年重建。写作时，应区分原有用途、后来的变化和现在的博物馆职能。
Rail travel: check the service you are actually using
The Light Rail Transit Authority publishes ticket and fare information for its rail services. A travel card, a single-journey ticket and an operator’s fare rules are different things to check. Ask about your actual destination and use the current station information. The words express, limited-stop, request stop and return ticket explain general transport concepts; their presence in this lesson does not mean every Manila service offers those options. Tram can also help you read a historical image. Check the LRTA ticket and fare information.
中文：交通卡、单程票和运营机构的票价规定，需要分别确认。本表也介绍快车、按需停靠和往返票等通用概念，但不表示马尼拉每项服务都提供这些选项。有轨电车一词也可用于历史图像阅读。
Give your day a clear meeting point
Choose a meeting point that your group can identify, write down the date and set a reminder. “Near the museum” can leave too much uncertainty; a named entrance is clearer. Check the last service before relying on public transport for the return journey. If your group needs step-free access or room for a mobility aid, ask the relevant venue or operator about the actual route rather than assuming an entrance is suitable. Check the LRTA operating schedule.
中文：集合地点应具体到大家能认出的入口，而不只是“博物馆附近”。记录日期并设置提醒，返程前核实末班服务；需要无台阶通道或使用行动辅助器具时，应向场馆或运营机构确认。
Six English–Chinese travel conversations
These fictional exchanges are speaking practice. They do not record promises by specific staff, venues or transport operators.
Choosing a route
Traveller: Does this bus go towards the museum? / Staff: Please check the destination shown on the service.
中文：旅客：这辆公共汽车往博物馆方向去吗？／工作人员：请核对这项服务显示的目的地。
Checking a ticket
Traveller: Can I use this travel card on this line? / Staff: Let’s check which services it covers.
中文：旅客：这张交通卡可以在这条线路使用吗？／工作人员：我们看看它适用于哪些服务。
Finding an entrance
Visitor: Which entrance is suitable for a wheelchair? / Staff: I will check the accessible visitor route for you.
中文：游客：哪个入口适合轮椅通行？／工作人员：我帮您核实无障碍参观路线。
Confirming opening hours
Visitor: Are today’s opening hours different because of the public holiday? / Staff: Please check today’s notice here.
中文：游客：今天因为公共假日，开放时间有变化吗？／工作人员：请查看这里今天的告示。
Setting a meeting point
Traveller: Shall we meet beside the information desk at noon? / Friend: Yes. I will set a reminder.
中文：旅客：我们中午十二点在咨询处旁边集合，好吗？／朋友：好，我会设置提醒。
Asking about a purchase
Customer: Could you explain the return policy before I purchase this? / Seller: Certainly. Here are the terms.
中文：顾客：购买前可以说明退货政策吗？／店家：当然，这里是相关条件。
Meaning differences worth noticing
Manila and Metro Manila
Manila is a city within the wider metropolitan area commonly called Metro Manila. In the table, metro is a transport noun. The geographical name Metro Manila does not mean a single rail service. Keep the city, metropolitan area and transport network separate. See the PSA’s National Capital Region city list.
中文：马尼拉市属于通常称为“大马尼拉”的都市区。本表中的metro指城市轨道交通，不能把都市区名称当成某一条铁路服务的名称。
Route, destination and fare
Route is the path followed. Destination is the place you are going. Fare is the transport price. Ask about all three when you need them; a familiar destination name does not establish that you chose the right route.
中文：路线是行进路径，目的地是要去的地方，车船票价是乘坐交通服务的费用。
Headway and frequency
Headway is the gap in time between successive vehicles; frequency describes how often they run. A shorter headway usually means a higher frequency, but actual disruption can change both. Check today’s operator information.
中文：发车间隔描述相邻车辆之间的时间，班次频率描述一定时间内运行的次数。实际运营变化可能影响二者。
Signpost, signage and notice
A signpost is a physical post carrying directional signs. Signage refers collectively to signs in a place. A notice is an announcement or instruction. Read the specific information rather than assuming every sign points the way.
中文：路标、标识系统和告示用途不同：有的指方向，有的传达规则或临时信息。
Return, exchange and warranty questions
A return policy concerns giving purchased goods back; an exchange policy concerns replacing them with other goods. A warranty is an undertaking about the product under its terms. Read the terms rather than treating these words as identical promises.
中文：退货、换货和保修涉及不同安排，应分别阅读具体条件，不能当作同一种保证。
Noon, midnight and the date
Noon is 12:00 in the middle of the day. Midnight sits at a calendar-day boundary, so a booking should make the intended date clear. If “midnight on Friday” is ambiguous, ask for a full date and time.
中文：中午十二点与午夜十二点不同。午夜位于日期交界，若表达有歧义，应要求写明完整日期和时间。
Build a clear sentence with eduKate’s Fencing Method
Start with a sentence that says one thing clearly. Add the place, time and purpose in stages while keeping the original meaning under control. Explore eduKate’s Fencing Method for vocabulary.
Stage 1: We chose a route.
中文：我们选了一条路线。
Stage 2: We chose a route to the museum.
中文：我们选了一条去博物馆的路线。
Stage 3: Before leaving, we chose a route to the museum and checked the destination.
中文：出发前，我们选好去博物馆的路线，并核对目的地。
Stage 4: Before leaving, we chose a route to the museum, checked the destination and agreed to meet beside the information desk at noon.
中文：出发前，我们选好去博物馆的路线、核对目的地，并约定中午十二点在咨询处旁边集合。
Now try a four-stage sentence about asking for directions or confirming an appointment. Read the final version aloud and check that the reader can identify the action, place and time.
A short Manila writing model
Fictional learning model: this passage demonstrates language choices. It is not a report of an actual journey.
Before our Manila visit, we chose two places to explore and checked their opening hours. I wrote the meeting point in my calendar and set a reminder. At the station, we asked which ticket suited our destination instead of guessing. Later, an information desk helped us find the correct entrance. At Casa Manila, I noted the difference between the nineteenth-century life represented by the museum and the date of its construction. Our group met again at noon. A few clear questions gave us more time to enjoy the visit and write about it accurately.
中文写作示范：参观马尼拉前，我们选了两处想探索的地方，并核对开放时间。我把集合地点记在日历里，也设置了提醒。在车站，我们询问哪种票适合前往目的地，而不是自行猜测。后来，咨询处帮助我们找到正确入口。在卡萨马尼拉，我记录了博物馆所呈现的十九世纪生活与其修建年代之间的区别。我们中午十二点再次集合。几个清楚的问题，让我们有更多时间享受参观，也让旅行记录更准确。
Your turn: speak, write and compare
Write a 100–150-word day-out scene using eight headwords. Include a route question, a specific meeting point and one historical fact checked against an official source. Translate it into Chinese and compare the place, date, time and transport details. For speaking practice, read a conversation with a partner, then change the destination or service.
Finish with a quick check: the English word fits its sense, the Chinese tells the same story and the factual detail has a source. A clear, accurate paragraph is something to be pleased with.
Practise, retrieve and explain your Manila vocabulary
Choose five terms from one group and read their meanings together with the examples. Cover the English column and explain the idea before looking again. If you can recognise a phrase but cannot use it, begin with a simpler sentence. If you can use it but confuse a nearby term, compare their meanings and test a new example. Record the exact uncertainty so that the next practice round has a purpose.
A worked Fencing Method application
Build one accurate sentence at a time. First settle the meaning of the chosen term and the relationship you want to describe. Add a supported detail, then a useful limit or reason. Read the sentence aloud, check the verb and remove any claim your evidence cannot support. Try the idea again in another relevant setting before adding more terms.
Start: We checked a route.
Add precision: We checked the route for the service and destination we intended.
Keep the evidence boundary: We used the operator’s applicable information rather than assuming every transport concept in the lesson is available locally.
Now cover the model and write your own sentence using route. Explain why the phrase fits. Change the setting to a school image, text or diagram while preserving the distinction you practised. A successful transfer uses the idea accurately in the new context rather than copying a city sentence with its place name changed.
A bilingual source-checking conversation
These exchanges are language-learning models. They do not report an actual booking, visit or statement made by an institution.
A: Which source supports our explanation of route? B: Let us identify the relevant record and separate what it says from what we observed.
甲：哪个来源支持我们的说明？乙：我们找出相关记录，并区分记录内容与自己的观察。
A: Does this learning example confirm our planned Manila activity? B: We still need the responsible host’s information for the date and task we intend.
甲：这个学习例句能确认我们计划的活动吗？乙：我们仍需要负责人提供适用于计划日期和任务的信息。
Exercises and worked answers
Distinguish Manila City from Metro Manila. Separate a route from a destination. Explain why noon needs a date in a meeting arrangement.
Check your reasoning: Manila is one city in the metropolitan area. A route is a path; a destination is an endpoint. A date identifies which noon the group intends, alongside the meeting place and local time context.
Write a short paragraph with one clear purpose, two relevant terms and a source attribution where needed. Underline the observation, circle the explanation and mark any sentence that concerns present visitor arrangements. Compare with a partner and revise one statement that goes beyond its evidence. Your answer should explain a relationship rather than merely list definitions.
Common learning questions
Must I use all 100 entries? Choose the terms that answer your question. Specialist vocabulary becomes useful when you understand its purpose; a clear ordinary sentence is a good starting point.
How can I check independent recall? Return later with the table covered. Explain five meanings and use two in new sentences. Check the exact error, repair it and attempt another example.
Does a model conversation establish visitor access? Confirm the actual date, place, activity and permissions with the responsible host. A learning scene and a current arrangement supply different information.
Continue learning through the eduKate ecosystem
Use eduKate’s vocabulary resources to broaden your choices, and the Fencing Method to build controlled sentences. A transport question can become dialogue practice; a museum observation can become a composition paragraph.
Families exploring learning routes can continue through eduKatePunggol, eduKateSengkang, Bukit Timah Tutor and eduKateOrchard. Choose the current course information that fits your context.
For a language extension, try eduKate’s guide to regional vocabulary and World Englishes. A local term such as jeepney is a useful reminder that English describes places through their own particular words.
Frequently asked questions
Are these English words or Filipino words?
The guide teaches English with Chinese and Pinyin support. Jeepney is a Philippine transport term used in English.
Does the list describe every current Manila transport service?
No. It includes general transport vocabulary and a historical term such as tram. Check the service you plan to use.
Can I assume a travel card works everywhere?
No. Confirm the participating services and the operator’s current rules.
Why is Casa Manila’s construction date mentioned?
It helps distinguish the historical period represented in a museum from the age of the museum setting itself.
Do I have to learn all 100 words at once?
Start with your route, entrance and meeting arrangements. Add the remaining words when you encounter a real use for them.
Sources and visitor planning
Historical and destination notes use the sources below. Vocabulary definitions and fictional exchanges are editorial teaching material. Use the venue or operator’s current information for prices, access conditions and schedules.
Intramuros Administration: sites
Intramuros Administration: Fort Santiago
Intramuros Administration: Casa Manila
Intramuros Administration: current opening arrangements
National Museum of the Philippines: Fine Arts building
LRTA: train operating schedule
Philippine Statistics Authority: cities of the National Capital Region
Continue your South East Asia vocabulary journey
For a different practical task, try Jakarta’s airport and hotel vocabulary. For photography, captions and thoughtful museum conversations, continue with Phnom Penh’s vocabulary guide. Each lesson adds a different set of headwords to your travel English.
Continue with the Philippines city collection, or explore the world city directory. For vocabulary practice, use the Vocabulary Learning Hub and Fencing Method.