Winchester travel vocabulary for visiting and touring the UK: 100 distinctive English words, historical terms and place names with British-English pronunciation, Simplified Chinese meanings and bilingual learning notes. Explore Winchester Cathedral, the Winchester Bible, royal mortuary chests, the Great Hall and Round Table, Alfred’s Wessex, Wolvesey Palace, City Mill, Winchester College and St Cross.
Winchester makes several kinds of evidence sit beside one another: manuscript art, royal bones, architecture, engineering repair, political legend, Anglo-Saxon administration and institutional continuity. The vocabulary therefore changes as the route changes.
温彻斯特英汉旅行词汇：用 100 个独特英语词语学习温彻斯特大教堂、《温彻斯特圣经》、王室遗骨箱、大礼堂圆桌、阿尔弗雷德时代的威塞克斯、Wolvesey 宫、城市水磨坊、温彻斯特公学与圣十字济贫院。
Winchester: royal centre, manuscript city and living research site
Winchester Cathedral preserves one of England’s most important medieval manuscript and royal-burial stories. Its mortuary-chest research remains active: bones were reinterred in January 2026 after more than a decade of analysis, and in September 2026 the cathedral announced a competition for two new mortuary chests.
The Great Hall adds another layer. Its medieval Round Table is not genuinely Arthurian in date, but its Tudor repainting made Arthurian kingship part of royal political imagery. Across the city, Alfred’s Wessex, Wolvesey Palace and the City Mill continue the theme of institutional Winchester.
Winchester Cathedral Mortuary Chests Project · The Great Hall.
The 100-word contents
- 1–10: Cathedral origins and manuscripts
- 11–20: Mortuary chests and current research
- 21–30: Cathedral architecture and memory
- 31–40: William Walker’s engineering rescue
- 41–50: Great Hall and Arthurian imagery
- 51–60: Alfred and Wessex
- 61–70: Wolvesey Palace
- 71–80: City Mill and River Itchen
- 81–90: Winchester College
- 91–100: St Cross and city landmarks
1–10: Cathedral origins and manuscripts
1. Winchester Cathedral /ˈwɪntʃɪstə kəˈθiːdrəl/
Meaning: major medieval cathedral in Winchester with Anglo-Saxon, Norman and Gothic history. 中文：温彻斯特大教堂。
Learning use: Attach the term to evidence you can point to. Winchester Cathedral.
把这个词与可以指出的证据连接起来。
2. Old Minster /ˌəʊld ˈmɪnstə/
Meaning: Anglo-Saxon cathedral that stood beside the present Winchester Cathedral site. 中文：旧大教堂。
Learning use: Use this word when a generic label would lose an important distinction. Old Minster.
当普通词会失去重要区别时，使用这个术语。
3. New Minster /ˌnjuː ˈmɪnstə/
Meaning: Anglo-Saxon royal monastery founded beside the Old Minster. 中文：新修道院。
Learning use: Place the term on a plan, family tree, mechanism or timeline. New Minster.
把这个词放到平面图、家谱、机械图或时间线上。
4. Winchester Bible /ˈwɪntʃɪstə ˌbaɪbəl/
Meaning: large twelfth-century illuminated Bible made for Winchester Cathedral. 中文：《温彻斯特圣经》。
Learning use: Explain the term first, then retrieve it without looking. Winchester Bible.
先解释这个词，再不看资料进行回忆。
5. Romanesque Bible /ˌrəʊməˈnesk ˌbaɪbəl/
Meaning: Bible manuscript produced in the Romanesque artistic period. 中文：罗马式圣经手稿。
Learning use: Attach the term to evidence you can point to. Romanesque Bible.
把这个词与可以指出的证据连接起来。
6. illuminated initial /ɪˈluːmɪneɪtɪd ɪˈnɪʃəl/
Meaning: decorated opening letter in a manuscript. 中文：装饰首字母。
Learning use: Use this word when a generic label would lose an important distinction. illuminated initial.
当普通词会失去重要区别时，使用这个术语。
7. historiated initial /hɪˈstɔːrieɪtɪd ɪˈnɪʃəl/
Meaning: initial letter containing a narrative or figurative scene. 中文：叙事首字母。
Learning use: Place the term on a plan, family tree, mechanism or timeline. historiated initial.
把这个词放到平面图、家谱、机械图或时间线上。
8. vellum folio /ˈveləm ˌfəʊliəʊ/
Meaning: single leaf of a manuscript made from fine prepared animal skin. 中文：精制羊皮手稿页。
Learning use: Explain the term first, then retrieve it without looking. vellum folio.
先解释这个词，再不看资料进行回忆。
9. biblical illumination /ˈbɪblɪkəl ɪˌluːmɪˈneɪʃən/
Meaning: decorative painted imagery added to a biblical manuscript. 中文：圣经手稿彩饰。
Learning use: Attach the term to evidence you can point to. biblical illumination.
把这个词与可以指出的证据连接起来。
10. Kings and Scribes /ˌkɪŋz ən ˈskraɪbz/
Meaning: Winchester Cathedral exhibition exploring royal, monastic and manuscript history. 中文：Kings and Scribes 展览。
Learning use: Use this word when a generic label would lose an important distinction. Kings and Scribes.
当普通词会失去重要区别时，使用这个术语。
11–20: Mortuary chests and current research
11. mortuary chest /ˈmɔːtʃuəri tʃest/
Meaning: decorated chest holding human remains associated with important historical figures. 中文：遗骨箱。
Learning use: Place the term on a plan, family tree, mechanism or timeline. mortuary chest.
把这个词放到平面图、家谱、机械图或时间线上。
12. presbytery chest /ˈprezbɪtəri tʃest/
Meaning: mortuary chest displayed high in the cathedral presbytery. 中文：圣坛区遗骨箱。
Learning use: Explain the term first, then retrieve it without looking. presbytery chest.
先解释这个词，再不看资料进行回忆。
13. royal bone assemblage /ˌrɔɪəl ˈbəʊn əˌsemblɪdʒ/
Meaning: group of human bones associated with royal burials and studied together. 中文：王室骨骼组合。
Learning use: Attach the term to evidence you can point to. royal bone assemblage.
把这个词与可以指出的证据连接起来。
14. mixed human remains /ˌmɪkst ˈhjuːmən rɪˌmeɪnz/
Meaning: bones from more than one individual contained within one archaeological context. 中文：混合人类遗骸。
Learning use: Use this word when a generic label would lose an important distinction. mixed human remains.
当普通词会失去重要区别时，使用这个术语。
15. radiocarbon grouping /ˌreɪdiəʊˈkɑːbən ˌɡruːpɪŋ/
Meaning: grouping remains by similar radiocarbon dates. 中文：放射性碳年代分组。
Learning use: Place the term on a plan, family tree, mechanism or timeline. radiocarbon grouping.
把这个词放到平面图、家谱、机械图或时间线上。
16. ancient kinship study /ˌeɪnʃənt ˈkɪnʃɪp ˌstʌdi/
Meaning: research investigating biological relationships among ancient people. 中文：古代亲缘关系研究。
Learning use: Explain the term first, then retrieve it without looking. ancient kinship study.
先解释这个词，再不看资料进行回忆。
17. Queen Emma /ˌkwiːn ˈemə/
Meaning: eleventh-century queen associated with Winchester’s royal mortuary tradition. 中文：艾玛王后。
Learning use: Attach the term to evidence you can point to. Queen Emma.
把这个词与可以指出的证据连接起来。
18. King Cnut /ˌkɪŋ kəˈnjuːt/
Meaning: eleventh-century king associated with Winchester’s royal burials. 中文：克努特国王。
Learning use: Use this word when a generic label would lose an important distinction. King Cnut.
当普通词会失去重要区别时，使用这个术语。
19. William Rufus /ˌwɪljəm ˈruːfəs/
Meaning: William II of England, traditionally associated with Winchester Cathedral’s mortuary chests. 中文：威廉二世。
Learning use: Place the term on a plan, family tree, mechanism or timeline. William Rufus.
把这个词放到平面图、家谱、机械图或时间线上。
20. mortuary chest project /ˈmɔːtʃuəri tʃest ˌprɒdʒekt/
Meaning: long-term cathedral research project studying the human remains and chests. 中文：遗骨箱研究项目。
Learning use: Explain the term first, then retrieve it without looking. mortuary chest project.
先解释这个词，再不看资料进行回忆。
21–30: Cathedral architecture and memory
21. long Gothic nave /ˌlɒŋ ˈɡɒθɪk neɪv/
Meaning: very long Gothic central body of a church. 中文：长哥特式中殿。
Learning use: Attach the term to evidence you can point to. long Gothic nave.
把这个词与可以指出的证据连接起来。
22. Perpendicular remodelling /ˌpɜːpənˈdɪkjʊlə ˌriːˈmɒdəlɪŋ/
Meaning: architectural rebuilding in the English Perpendicular Gothic style. 中文：垂直哥特式改建。
Learning use: Use this word when a generic label would lose an important distinction. Perpendicular remodelling.
当普通词会失去重要区别时，使用这个术语。
23. nave pier casing /ˈneɪv pɪə ˌkeɪsɪŋ/
Meaning: new masonry wrapped around an older nave support. 中文：中殿柱包覆改造。
Learning use: Place the term on a plan, family tree, mechanism or timeline. nave pier casing.
把这个词放到平面图、家谱、机械图或时间线上。
24. Norman central tower /ˌnɔːmən ˈsentrəl ˌtaʊə/
Meaning: central tower constructed in the Norman architectural period. 中文：诺曼中央塔。
Learning use: Explain the term first, then retrieve it without looking. Norman central tower.
先解释这个词，再不看资料进行回忆。
25. retrochoir /ˈretrəʊkwɑː/
Meaning: space behind the main choir at the east end of a cathedral. 中文：后唱诗班区。
Learning use: Attach the term to evidence you can point to. retrochoir.
把这个词与可以指出的证据连接起来。
26. Holy Hole /ˌhəʊli ˈhəʊl/
Meaning: small devotional opening associated with St Swithun’s shrine area. 中文：圣洞。
Learning use: Use this word when a generic label would lose an important distinction. Holy Hole.
当普通词会失去重要区别时，使用这个术语。
27. Waynflete Chantry /ˈweɪnfliːt ˌtʃɑːntri/
Meaning: elaborate memorial chapel of Bishop William Waynflete. 中文：韦恩弗利特纪念礼拜堂。
Learning use: Place the term on a plan, family tree, mechanism or timeline. Waynflete Chantry.
把这个词放到平面图、家谱、机械图或时间线上。
28. Guardian Angels Chapel /ˌɡɑːdiən ˈeɪndʒəlz ˌtʃæpəl/
Meaning: chapel in Winchester Cathedral dedicated to guardian angels. 中文：守护天使礼拜堂。
Learning use: Explain the term first, then retrieve it without looking. Guardian Angels Chapel.
先解释这个词，再不看资料进行回忆。
29. Epiphany Chapel /ɪˈpɪfəni ˌtʃæpəl/
Meaning: cathedral chapel associated with the feast of Epiphany. 中文：主显节礼拜堂。
Learning use: Attach the term to evidence you can point to. Epiphany Chapel.
把这个词与可以指出的证据连接起来。
30. Jane Austen grave /ˌdʒeɪn ˈɒstɪn ɡreɪv/
Meaning: grave of novelist Jane Austen in Winchester Cathedral. 中文：简·奥斯汀墓。
Learning use: Use this word when a generic label would lose an important distinction. Jane Austen grave.
当普通词会失去重要区别时，使用这个术语。
31–40: William Walker’s engineering rescue
31. William Walker diver /ˌwɪljəm ˈwɔːkə ˌdaɪvə/
Meaning: deep-sea diver who worked under the cathedral to stabilise its foundations. 中文：潜水员威廉·沃克。
Learning use: Place the term on a plan, family tree, mechanism or timeline. William Walker diver.
把这个词放到平面图、家谱、机械图或时间线上。
32. waterlogged foundation /ˈwɔːtəlɒɡd faʊnˈdeɪʃən/
Meaning: building foundation saturated with groundwater. 中文：积水地基。
Learning use: Explain the term first, then retrieve it without looking. waterlogged foundation.
先解释这个词，再不看资料进行回忆。
33. peat foundation /ˈpiːt faʊnˈdeɪʃən/
Meaning: foundation bearing on soft peat-rich ground. 中文：泥炭地基。
Learning use: Attach the term to evidence you can point to. peat foundation.
把这个词与可以指出的证据连接起来。
34. diving suit /ˈdaɪvɪŋ suːt/
Meaning: protective equipment allowing a diver to work underwater. 中文：潜水服。
Learning use: Use this word when a generic label would lose an important distinction. diving suit.
当普通词会失去重要区别时，使用这个术语。
35. underwater underpinning /ˌʌndəwɔːtə ˌʌndəˈpɪnɪŋ/
Meaning: strengthening foundations while working below water level. 中文：水下地基加固。
Learning use: Place the term on a plan, family tree, mechanism or timeline. underwater underpinning.
把这个词放到平面图、家谱、机械图或时间线上。
36. bagged concrete /ˌbæɡd ˈkɒŋkriːt/
Meaning: concrete placed in bags for underwater foundation work. 中文：袋装混凝土。
Learning use: Explain the term first, then retrieve it without looking. bagged concrete.
先解释这个词，再不看资料进行回忆。
37. foundation trench /faʊnˈdeɪʃən trentʃ/
Meaning: excavated trench used to expose or build a foundation. 中文：地基沟槽。
Learning use: Attach the term to evidence you can point to. foundation trench.
把这个词与可以指出的证据连接起来。
38. submerged repair /səbˈmɜːdʒd rɪˌpeə/
Meaning: repair work carried out below water level. 中文：水下维修。
Learning use: Use this word when a generic label would lose an important distinction. submerged repair.
当普通词会失去重要区别时，使用这个术语。
39. cathedral subsidence /kəˈθiːdrəl səbˈsaɪdəns/
Meaning: downward movement threatening a cathedral’s structure. 中文：大教堂地基沉降。
Learning use: Place the term on a plan, family tree, mechanism or timeline. cathedral subsidence.
把这个词放到平面图、家谱、机械图或时间线上。
40. engineering rescue /ˌendʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ ˈreskjuː/
Meaning: major technical intervention preventing a structure from failing. 中文：工程抢救。
Learning use: Explain the term first, then retrieve it without looking. engineering rescue.
先解释这个词，再不看资料进行回忆。
41–50: Great Hall and Arthurian imagery
41. Winchester Great Hall /ˈwɪntʃɪstə ˌɡreɪt ˈhɔːl/
Meaning: surviving great hall of Winchester Castle. 中文：温彻斯特大礼堂。
Learning use: Attach the term to evidence you can point to. Winchester Great Hall.
把这个词与可以指出的证据连接起来。
42. Winchester Round Table /ˈwɪntʃɪstə ˌraʊnd ˈteɪbəl/
Meaning: large medieval round tabletop displayed in Winchester Great Hall. 中文：温彻斯特圆桌。
Learning use: Use this word when a generic label would lose an important distinction. Winchester Round Table.
当普通词会失去重要区别时，使用这个术语。
43. painted Round Table /ˌpeɪntɪd ˌraʊnd ˈteɪbəl/
Meaning: Round Table painted with Arthurian figures and names. 中文：彩绘圆桌。
Learning use: Place the term on a plan, family tree, mechanism or timeline. painted Round Table.
把这个词放到平面图、家谱、机械图或时间线上。
44. Arthurian kingship /ɑːˈθʊəriən ˈkɪŋʃɪp/
Meaning: ideas of royal authority connected with legends of King Arthur. 中文：亚瑟王式王权观。
Learning use: Explain the term first, then retrieve it without looking. Arthurian kingship.
先解释这个词，再不看资料进行回忆。
45. knight-name inscription /ˈnaɪt neɪm ɪnˌskrɪpʃən/
Meaning: written name identifying a legendary knight on a display. 中文：骑士姓名铭文。
Learning use: Attach the term to evidence you can point to. knight-name inscription.
把这个词与可以指出的证据连接起来。
46. Tudor repainting /ˈtjuːdə ˌriːˈpeɪntɪŋ/
Meaning: repainting carried out during the Tudor period. 中文：都铎时期重新绘制。
Learning use: Use this word when a generic label would lose an important distinction. Tudor repainting.
当普通词会失去重要区别时，使用这个术语。
47. King Arthur image /ˌkɪŋ ˈɑːθə ˌɪmɪdʒ/
Meaning: painted or sculpted representation of the legendary King Arthur. 中文：亚瑟王形象。
Learning use: Place the term on a plan, family tree, mechanism or timeline. King Arthur image.
把这个词放到平面图、家谱、机械图或时间线上。
48. law court hall /ˈlɔː kɔːt hɔːl/
Meaning: large hall used historically for judicial proceedings. 中文：法庭大厅。
Learning use: Explain the term first, then retrieve it without looking. law court hall.
先解释这个词，再不看资料进行回忆。
49. Castle Yard /ˈkɑːsəl jɑːd/
Meaning: historic open area associated with Winchester Castle. 中文：城堡庭院。
Learning use: Attach the term to evidence you can point to. Castle Yard.
把这个词与可以指出的证据连接起来。
50. hall roof truss /ˈhɔːl ruːf trʌs/
Meaning: structural timber frame supporting a large hall roof. 中文：大厅屋顶桁架。
Learning use: Use this word when a generic label would lose an important distinction. hall roof truss.
当普通词会失去重要区别时，使用这个术语。
51–60: Alfred and Wessex
51. Alfred the Great /ˌælfrɪd ðə ˈɡreɪt/
Meaning: ninth-century king of Wessex strongly associated with Winchester. 中文：阿尔弗雷德大帝。
Learning use: Place the term on a plan, family tree, mechanism or timeline. Alfred the Great.
把这个词放到平面图、家谱、机械图或时间线上。
52. Wessex /ˈwesɪks/
Meaning: Anglo-Saxon kingdom centred in southern England. 中文：威塞克斯。
Learning use: Explain the term first, then retrieve it without looking. Wessex.
先解释这个词，再不看资料进行回忆。
53. West Saxon kingdom /ˌwest ˈsæksən ˌkɪŋdəm/
Meaning: kingdom ruled by the West Saxon dynasty. 中文：西撒克逊王国。
Learning use: Attach the term to evidence you can point to. West Saxon kingdom.
把这个词与可以指出的证据连接起来。
54. royal burh /ˌrɔɪəl ˈbʌrə/
Meaning: fortified Anglo-Saxon town connected with royal administration. 中文：王室设防城镇。
Learning use: Use this word when a generic label would lose an important distinction. royal burh.
当普通词会失去重要区别时，使用这个术语。
55. burghal defence /ˈbɜːɡəl dɪˌfens/
Meaning: fortifications and organisation protecting an Anglo-Saxon burh. 中文：堡城防御体系。
Learning use: Place the term on a plan, family tree, mechanism or timeline. burghal defence.
把这个词放到平面图、家谱、机械图或时间线上。
56. Anglo-Saxon mint /ˌæŋɡləʊ ˈsæksən mɪnt/
Meaning: place producing official coins in the Anglo-Saxon period. 中文：盎格鲁-撒克逊铸币所。
Learning use: Explain the term first, then retrieve it without looking. Anglo-Saxon mint.
先解释这个词，再不看资料进行回忆。
57. silver penny /ˌsɪlvə ˈpeni/
Meaning: small silver coin widely used in medieval England. 中文：银便士。
Learning use: Attach the term to evidence you can point to. silver penny.
把这个词与可以指出的证据连接起来。
58. coin die /ˈkɔɪn daɪ/
Meaning: engraved metal tool used to strike designs onto coins. 中文：铸币模具。
Learning use: Use this word when a generic label would lose an important distinction. coin die.
当普通词会失去重要区别时，使用这个术语。
59. royal reeve /ˌrɔɪəl ˈriːv/
Meaning: local official serving a king in Anglo-Saxon administration. 中文：王室地方官。
Learning use: Place the term on a plan, family tree, mechanism or timeline. royal reeve.
把这个词放到平面图、家谱、机械图或时间线上。
60. Winchester capital tradition /ˈwɪntʃɪstə ˌkæpɪtəl trəˌdɪʃən/
Meaning: historical idea of Winchester as a major royal centre of Wessex. 中文：温彻斯特古都传统。
Learning use: Explain the term first, then retrieve it without looking. Winchester capital tradition.
先解释这个词，再不看资料进行回忆。
61–70: Wolvesey Palace
61. Wolvesey Palace /ˈwʊlvzi ˌpælɪs/
Meaning: ruined medieval palace of the bishops of Winchester. 中文：沃尔夫西宫遗址。
Learning use: Attach the term to evidence you can point to. Wolvesey Palace.
把这个词与可以指出的证据连接起来。
62. Wolvesey ruins /ˈwʊlvzi ˈruːɪnz/
Meaning: surviving remains of Wolvesey Palace. 中文：沃尔夫西遗迹。
Learning use: Use this word when a generic label would lose an important distinction. Wolvesey ruins.
当普通词会失去重要区别时，使用这个术语。
63. bishop’s hall /ˈbɪʃəps hɔːl/
Meaning: large ceremonial or domestic hall within a bishop’s residence. 中文：主教大厅。
Learning use: Place the term on a plan, family tree, mechanism or timeline. bishop’s hall.
把这个词放到平面图、家谱、机械图或时间线上。
64. East Hall /ˌiːst ˈhɔːl/
Meaning: principal hall in the medieval Wolvesey Palace complex. 中文：东大厅。
Learning use: Explain the term first, then retrieve it without looking. East Hall.
先解释这个词，再不看资料进行回忆。
65. episcopal palace complex /ɪˈpɪskəpəl ˈpælɪs ˌkɒmpleks/
Meaning: group of buildings serving a bishop’s residence and administration. 中文：主教宫建筑群。
Learning use: Attach the term to evidence you can point to. episcopal palace complex.
把这个词与可以指出的证据连接起来。
66. Bishop Henry of Blois /ˌbɪʃəp ˌhenri əv ˈblwɑː/
Meaning: powerful twelfth-century Bishop of Winchester associated with Wolvesey. 中文：布卢瓦的亨利主教。
Learning use: Use this word when a generic label would lose an important distinction. Bishop Henry of Blois.
当普通词会失去重要区别时，使用这个术语。
67. fortified residence /ˈfɔːtɪfaɪd ˈrezɪdəns/
Meaning: home strengthened with defensive architecture. 中文：设防住所。
Learning use: Place the term on a plan, family tree, mechanism or timeline. fortified residence.
把这个词放到平面图、家谱、机械图或时间线上。
68. Itchen-side palace /ˈɪtʃɪn saɪd ˌpælɪs/
Meaning: palace located beside the River Itchen. 中文：伊琴河畔宫殿。
Learning use: Explain the term first, then retrieve it without looking. Itchen-side palace.
先解释这个词，再不看资料进行回忆。
69. palace courtyard /ˈpælɪs ˌkɔːtjɑːd/
Meaning: open court enclosed by palace buildings. 中文：宫殿庭院。
Learning use: Attach the term to evidence you can point to. palace courtyard.
把这个词与可以指出的证据连接起来。
70. medieval episcopal power /ˌmediˈiːvəl ɪˈpɪskəpəl ˈpaʊə/
Meaning: political and institutional authority held by medieval bishops. 中文：中世纪主教权力。
Learning use: Use this word when a generic label would lose an important distinction. medieval episcopal power.
当普通词会失去重要区别时，使用这个术语。
71–80: City Mill and River Itchen
71. Winchester City Mill /ˈwɪntʃɪstə ˈsɪti mɪl/
Meaning: historic watermill on the River Itchen in Winchester. 中文：温彻斯特城市水磨坊。
Learning use: Place the term on a plan, family tree, mechanism or timeline. Winchester City Mill.
把这个词放到平面图、家谱、机械图或时间线上。
72. mill leat /ˈmɪl liːt/
Meaning: artificial channel directing water towards a mill. 中文：磨坊引水渠。
Learning use: Explain the term first, then retrieve it without looking. mill leat.
先解释这个词，再不看资料进行回忆。
73. undershot waterwheel /ˈʌndəʃɒt ˈwɔːtəwiːl/
Meaning: waterwheel driven by water flowing beneath it. 中文：下击式水轮。
Learning use: Attach the term to evidence you can point to. undershot waterwheel.
把这个词与可以指出的证据连接起来。
74. millrace /ˈmɪlreɪs/
Meaning: fast-flowing channel carrying water through or away from a mill. 中文：磨坊水道。
Learning use: Use this word when a generic label would lose an important distinction. millrace.
当普通词会失去重要区别时，使用这个术语。
75. grain hopper /ˈɡreɪn ˌhɒpə/
Meaning: container feeding grain into milling machinery. 中文：谷物料斗。
Learning use: Place the term on a plan, family tree, mechanism or timeline. grain hopper.
把这个词放到平面图、家谱、机械图或时间线上。
76. millstone pair /ˈmɪlstəʊn peə/
Meaning: two stones working together to grind grain. 中文：磨石对。
Learning use: Explain the term first, then retrieve it without looking. millstone pair.
先解释这个词，再不看资料进行回忆。
77. flour milling /ˈflaʊə ˌmɪlɪŋ/
Meaning: process of grinding grain into flour. 中文：面粉研磨。
Learning use: Attach the term to evidence you can point to. flour milling.
把这个词与可以指出的证据连接起来。
78. meal chute /ˈmiːl ʃuːt/
Meaning: channel carrying ground meal or flour from milling machinery. 中文：面粉落料槽。
Learning use: Use this word when a generic label would lose an important distinction. meal chute.
当普通词会失去重要区别时，使用这个术语。
79. chalk-fed Itchen /ˈtʃɔːk fed ˈɪtʃɪn/
Meaning: River Itchen supplied strongly by groundwater from chalk geology. 中文：白垩地下水补给的伊琴河。
Learning use: Place the term on a plan, family tree, mechanism or timeline. chalk-fed Itchen.
把这个词放到平面图、家谱、机械图或时间线上。
80. river leat /ˈrɪvə liːt/
Meaning: artificial channel diverting river water for power or management. 中文：河流引水渠。
Learning use: Explain the term first, then retrieve it without looking. river leat.
先解释这个词，再不看资料进行回忆。
81–90: Winchester College
81. Winchester College /ˈwɪntʃɪstə ˌkɒlɪdʒ/
Meaning: historic school founded by William of Wykeham. 中文：温彻斯特公学。
Learning use: Attach the term to evidence you can point to. Winchester College.
把这个词与可以指出的证据连接起来。
82. William of Wykeham /ˌwɪljəm əv ˈwɪkəm/
Meaning: bishop and founder of Winchester College. 中文：威廉·威克姆。
Learning use: Use this word when a generic label would lose an important distinction. William of Wykeham.
当普通词会失去重要区别时，使用这个术语。
83. Wykehamist /ˈwɪkəmɪst/
Meaning: person educated at or associated with Winchester College. 中文：温彻斯特公学校友称谓。
Learning use: Place the term on a plan, family tree, mechanism or timeline. Wykehamist.
把这个词放到平面图、家谱、机械图或时间线上。
84. medieval school foundation /ˌmediˈiːvəl ˈskuːl faʊnˌdeɪʃən/
Meaning: school established and endowed in the medieval period. 中文：中世纪学校基金会。
Learning use: Explain the term first, then retrieve it without looking. medieval school foundation.
先解释这个词，再不看资料进行回忆。
85. scholars’ chamber /ˈskɒləz ˌtʃeɪmbə/
Meaning: room historically used by resident scholars. 中文：学者宿舍厅室。
Learning use: Attach the term to evidence you can point to. scholars’ chamber.
把这个词与可以指出的证据连接起来。
86. school cloister /ˈskuːl ˌklɔɪstə/
Meaning: covered cloister passage forming part of a historic school complex. 中文：学校回廊。
Learning use: Use this word when a generic label would lose an important distinction. school cloister.
当普通词会失去重要区别时，使用这个术语。
87. boarding house tradition /ˈbɔːdɪŋ haʊs trəˌdɪʃən/
Meaning: longstanding organisation of pupils into residential houses. 中文：寄宿学院传统。
Learning use: Place the term on a plan, family tree, mechanism or timeline. boarding house tradition.
把这个词放到平面图、家谱、机械图或时间线上。
88. college chapel court /ˈkɒlɪdʒ ˌtʃæpəl kɔːt/
Meaning: courtyard associated with a college chapel and surrounding buildings. 中文：学院礼拜堂庭院。
Learning use: Explain the term first, then retrieve it without looking. college chapel court.
先解释这个词，再不看资料进行回忆。
89. school commons /ˈskuːl ˌkɒmənz/
Meaning: shared dining or communal arrangements within a historic school. 中文：学校公共膳食制度。
Learning use: Attach the term to evidence you can point to. school commons.
把这个词与可以指出的证据连接起来。
90. Winchester public school /ˈwɪntʃɪstə ˌpʌblɪk skuːl/
Meaning: historic independent boarding-school tradition associated with Winchester College. 中文：温彻斯特公学传统。
Learning use: Use this word when a generic label would lose an important distinction. Winchester public school.
当普通词会失去重要区别时，使用这个术语。
91–100: St Cross and city landmarks
91. Hospital of St Cross /ˌhɒspɪtəl əv sənt ˈkrɒs/
Meaning: medieval almshouse foundation south of Winchester. 中文：圣十字济贫院。
Learning use: Place the term on a plan, family tree, mechanism or timeline. Hospital of St Cross.
把这个词放到平面图、家谱、机械图或时间线上。
92. almshouse foundation /ˈɑːmzhaʊs faʊnˌdeɪʃən/
Meaning: charitable institution established to house and support residents. 中文：济贫院基金会。
Learning use: Explain the term first, then retrieve it without looking. almshouse foundation.
先解释这个词，再不看资料进行回忆。
93. Wayfarer’s Dole /ˈweɪfeərəz dəʊl/
Meaning: traditional gift of bread and ale offered to travellers at St Cross. 中文：旅人施舍。
Learning use: Attach the term to evidence you can point to. Wayfarer’s Dole.
把这个词与可以指出的证据连接起来。
94. brethren’s hall /ˈbreðrənz hɔːl/
Meaning: communal hall used by resident brethren of an almshouse. 中文：兄弟会大厅。
Learning use: Use this word when a generic label would lose an important distinction. brethren’s hall.
当普通词会失去重要区别时，使用这个术语。
95. Hundred Men’s Hall /ˌhʌndrəd ˈmenz hɔːl/
Meaning: historic hall at the Hospital of St Cross. 中文：百人大堂。
Learning use: Place the term on a plan, family tree, mechanism or timeline. Hundred Men’s Hall.
把这个词放到平面图、家谱、机械图或时间线上。
96. master’s lodging /ˈmɑːstəz ˌlɒdʒɪŋ/
Meaning: residence provided for the head of an institution. 中文：院长住所。
Learning use: Explain the term first, then retrieve it without looking. master’s lodging.
先解释这个词，再不看资料进行回忆。
97. medieval charity /ˌmediˈiːvəl ˈtʃærəti/
Meaning: organised charitable support in medieval society. 中文：中世纪慈善。
Learning use: Attach the term to evidence you can point to. medieval charity.
把这个词与可以指出的证据连接起来。
98. Buttercross /ˈbʌtəkrɒs/
Meaning: historic market cross on Winchester High Street. 中文：黄油十字碑。
Learning use: Use this word when a generic label would lose an important distinction. Buttercross.
当普通词会失去重要区别时，使用这个术语。
99. Westgate Museum /ˈwestɡeɪt mjuːˌziːəm/
Meaning: museum inside Winchester’s surviving medieval Westgate. 中文：西门博物馆。
Learning use: Place the term on a plan, family tree, mechanism or timeline. Westgate Museum.
把这个词放到平面图、家谱、机械图或时间线上。
100. South Downs Way trailhead /ˌsaʊθ daʊnz weɪ ˈtreɪlhed/
Meaning: western start or finish point of the South Downs Way in Winchester. 中文：南唐斯步道起点。
Learning use: Explain the term first, then retrieve it without looking. South Downs Way trailhead.
先解释这个词，再不看资料进行回忆。
Meaning differences worth keeping
mortuary chest ≠ tomb: a mortuary chest holds human remains; a tomb is a burial monument or structure. legend ≠ dating evidence: the Round Table carries Arthurian imagery but is medieval, not from a historical King Arthur’s court. underpinning ≠ rebuilding: Walker stabilised foundations beneath the existing cathedral. burh ≠ modern borough: the Anglo-Saxon term refers to a fortified administrative settlement.
A focused Winchester practice
Choose one block and make the evidence visible: manuscript terms on a page, mortuary terms on a research diagram, Great Hall terms on a timeline, or mill terms on a water-flow sketch. Then retrieve five words in English and Chinese.
Continue through the eduKateSG learning ecosystem
Vocabulary Hub · Salisbury · Canterbury · Oxford
Winchester vocabulary questions
Are the mortuary chests still being researched?
Yes. The project remains active, with reinterment work completed in January 2026 and new chest design work announced later in 2026.
Is the Round Table actually from King Arthur’s time?
No. The table itself is medieval and was later repainted in Tudor times with Arthurian imagery.
Why is William Walker important?
His underwater work helped stabilise the cathedral’s waterlogged foundations during a major early-twentieth-century engineering rescue.
Continue exploring the UK in English
Winchester extends the UK branch through manuscript art, royal archaeology, structural engineering, Arthurian political imagery and Anglo-Saxon administration.