Did you know that a wooden object carries clues about both a living tree and a maker’s decisions? Welcome to Jangheung, where a woodland visit can lead naturally into the language of timber, grain, joints and carefully finished surfaces.
Korea Tourism Organization describes Jeongnamjin Cypress Forest Woodland at the foot of Eokbulsan Mountain. Its listing includes a Wood Culture Experience Hall and the Jeonnam Woodcraft Center. Those connections make woodcraft a useful learning theme for this guide.
The 100 English words and expressions below include approximate pronunciation cues, Chinese meanings, definitions and bilingual examples. They are a general woodcraft learning framework. A named tool or joining method is not a promise that a particular session will teach or offer it. All example sentences are eduKateSG illustrations.
Your destination: Jangheung County / 长兴郡 / 장흥군. Check current woodland information and programme availability before planning an activity. Tool-based tasks should match the participant’s readiness and the organiser’s supervision requirements.
How to use this list: Choose a situation, read five to ten entries, say the pronunciation cues aloud and use two expressions in your own sentence. Capital letters in the cues indicate an approximate stressed sound; these are learning aids rather than IPA. Chinese translations explain the selected meaning, so context still matters.
Find your next situation / 快速导航
1. Look inside wood · 2. Read grain and cut surfaces · 3. Understand drying and movement · 4. Measure and hold a workpiece · 5. Recognise shaping tools · 6. Compare wooden connections · 7. Prepare a joined surface · 8. Choose and maintain finishes · 9. Learn safely in a workshop · 10. Explain craft and material choices
Jangheung context · Plan and observe · Conversation · Writing · Precision · Practice · FAQs · Continue learning · Official sources
1. Look inside wood | Words 1–10
1. cypress timber
Pronunciation cue: SY-pruhs TIM-buh · 中文： 柏木木材 · Meaning: wood obtained from cypress trees.
Example: The lesson compared cypress timber with other woods.
中文例句： 课程把柏木木材与其他木材作比较。
2. wood anatomy
Pronunciation cue: wood uh-NAT-uh-mee · 中文： 木材解剖结构 · Meaning: the internal structures that make up wood.
Example: Wood anatomy explains why a board has grain.
中文例句： 木材解剖结构解释了木板为什么有纹理。
3. annual growth ring
Pronunciation cue: AN-yoo-uhl grohth ring · 中文： 年轮 · Meaning: a layer of growth usually formed over one year.
Example: An annual growth ring was visible on the cut surface.
中文例句： 切面上能看见一道年轮。
4. earlywood
Pronunciation cue: UR-lee-wood · 中文： 早材 · Meaning: wood formed earlier in a growing season.
Example: Earlywood often differs in density from later growth.
中文例句： 早材的密度通常与后期形成的木材不同。
5. latewood
Pronunciation cue: LAYT-wood · 中文： 晚材 · Meaning: wood formed later in a growing season.
Example: Latewood created a darker band in the illustration.
中文例句： 图中的晚材形成了较深的条带。
6. sapwood
Pronunciation cue: SAP-wood · 中文： 边材 · Meaning: outer wood that conducts water in a living tree.
Example: Sapwood lies outside the heartwood.
中文例句： 边材位于心材外侧。
7. heartwood
Pronunciation cue: HART-wood · 中文： 心材 · Meaning: inner wood that no longer actively conducts water.
Example: The heartwood occupied the central part of the section.
中文例句： 心材位于切面的中央部分。
8. cambium layer
Pronunciation cue: KAM-bee-uhm LAY-uh · 中文： 形成层 · Meaning: a thin growing layer producing new wood and inner bark.
Example: The cambium layer adds new growth to the trunk.
中文例句： 形成层为树干增加新的组织。
9. wood ray
Pronunciation cue: wood ray · 中文： 木射线 · Meaning: a radial band of cells within wood.
Example: The wood ray ran across the direction of the growth rings.
中文例句： 木射线横向穿过年轮方向。
10. tracheid
Pronunciation cue: TRAY-kee-id · 中文： 管胞 · Meaning: a long cell that transports water and provides support in many plants.
Example: A tracheid is important in the structure of conifer wood.
中文例句： 管胞是针叶树木材结构的重要部分。
2. Read grain and cut surfaces | Words 11–20
11. grain direction
Pronunciation cue: grayn dih-REK-shuhn · 中文： 纹理方向 · Meaning: the main orientation of wood fibres.
Example: Grain direction affected how the tool cut.
中文例句： 纹理方向影响工具切削方式。
12. end grain
Pronunciation cue: end grayn · 中文： 端面纹理 · Meaning: the exposed ends of fibres on a cut wood surface.
Example: The end grain showed the rings clearly.
中文例句： 端面纹理清楚展示了年轮。
13. face grain
Pronunciation cue: fays grayn · 中文： 板面纹理 · Meaning: grain visible on the broad surface of a board.
Example: The face grain formed a flowing pattern.
中文例句： 板面纹理形成了流动般的图案。
14. edge grain
Pronunciation cue: ej grayn · 中文： 侧面纹理 · Meaning: grain visible along a board’s narrow edge.
Example: We compared edge grain with face grain.
中文例句： 我们比较了侧面纹理与板面纹理。
15. straight grain
Pronunciation cue: strayt grayn · 中文： 直纹 · Meaning: wood fibres running mainly parallel to the length.
Example: Straight grain made the sample easy to describe.
中文例句： 直纹让样本容易描述。
16. cross grain
Pronunciation cue: kros grayn · 中文： 斜交纹理 · Meaning: grain running at an angle to the main axis or cutting direction.
Example: Cross grain required extra care during shaping.
中文例句： 处理斜交纹理时需要更加小心。
17. wood knot
Pronunciation cue: wood not · 中文： 木节 · Meaning: a feature formed where a branch was enclosed by growing wood.
Example: The wood knot marked an earlier branch.
中文例句： 木节标示了曾经的树枝位置。
18. wood figure
Pronunciation cue: wood FIG-yuh · 中文： 木材花纹 · Meaning: a distinctive visible pattern produced by grain and structure.
Example: Wood figure gave each board a different appearance.
中文例句： 木材花纹让每块木板外观不同。
19. radial section
Pronunciation cue: RAY-dee-uhl SEK-shuhn · 中文： 径切面 · Meaning: a cut surface running from the centre towards the bark.
Example: A radial section passes through the growth rings.
中文例句： 径切面穿过年轮。
20. tangential section
Pronunciation cue: tan-JEN-shuhl SEK-shuhn · 中文： 弦切面 · Meaning: a cut surface roughly tangent to growth rings.
Example: The tangential section displayed a different pattern.
中文例句： 弦切面展示了不同图案。
Contents · Previous group · Next group
3. Understand drying and movement | Words 21–30
21. wood moisture content
Pronunciation cue: wood MOYS-chuh KON-tent · 中文： 木材含水率 · Meaning: the amount of water in wood relative to its dry mass.
Example: Wood moisture content affects dimensional change.
中文例句： 木材含水率影响尺寸变化。
22. green wood
Pronunciation cue: green wood · 中文： 生材 · Meaning: freshly cut wood that has not been dried.
Example: Green wood contains more moisture than dried timber.
中文例句： 生材比干燥木材含水更多。
23. air-dried timber
Pronunciation cue: air dryd TIM-buh · 中文： 气干木材 · Meaning: wood dried through exposure to circulating air.
Example: Air-dried timber takes time to reach a stable condition.
中文例句： 气干木材需要时间达到稳定状态。
24. kiln drying
Pronunciation cue: kiln DRY-ing · 中文： 窑干 · Meaning: controlled drying of wood in a heated chamber.
Example: Kiln drying uses controlled temperature and humidity.
中文例句： 窑干利用受控温度和湿度。
25. equilibrium moisture content
Pronunciation cue: ee-kwuh-LIB-ree-uhm MOYS-chuh KON-tent · 中文： 平衡含水率 · Meaning: the moisture level wood approaches under given surrounding conditions.
Example: Equilibrium moisture content changes with the surrounding air.
中文例句： 平衡含水率随周围空气条件变化。
26. wood shrinkage
Pronunciation cue: wood SHRING-kij · 中文： 木材收缩 · Meaning: a reduction in wood dimensions associated with moisture loss.
Example: Wood shrinkage can affect a tightly fitted joint.
中文例句： 木材收缩能影响紧密接合的连接处。
27. wood swelling
Pronunciation cue: wood SWEL-ing · 中文： 木材膨胀 · Meaning: an increase in wood dimensions associated with moisture gain.
Example: Wood swelling can make a drawer harder to open.
中文例句： 木材膨胀可能让抽屉更难打开。
28. board cupping
Pronunciation cue: bord KUP-ing · 中文： 木板瓦形翘曲 · Meaning: curving of a board across its width.
Example: Board cupping made the flat surface uneven.
中文例句： 木板瓦形翘曲让平面变得不平。
29. board bowing
Pronunciation cue: bord BOH-ing · 中文： 木板纵向弯曲 · Meaning: curving of a board along its length.
Example: Board bowing was visible when we looked along the edge.
中文例句： 沿边缘看时能发现木板纵向弯曲。
30. dimensional stability
Pronunciation cue: dih-MEN-shuh-nuhl stuh-BIL-i-tee · 中文： 尺寸稳定性 · Meaning: the ability to resist changes in size and shape.
Example: Dimensional stability matters when making fitted parts.
中文例句： 制作配合部件时，尺寸稳定性很重要。
Contents · Previous group · Next group
4. Measure and hold a workpiece | Words 31–40
31. woodworking bench
Pronunciation cue: WOOD-wur-king bench · 中文： 木工工作台 · Meaning: a sturdy table designed for woodworking tasks.
Example: The woodworking bench supported the sample securely.
中文例句： 木工工作台稳固支撑着样本。
32. bench vice
Pronunciation cue: bench vys · 中文： 工作台夹钳 · Meaning: a device attached to a bench for holding material.
Example: The instructor secured the piece in a bench vice.
中文例句： 导师把木件固定在工作台夹钳中。
33. bar clamp
Pronunciation cue: bar klamp · 中文： 杆式夹具 · Meaning: a clamp with movable jaws along a bar.
Example: A bar clamp held the boards together.
中文例句： 杆式夹具把木板夹在一起。
34. workpiece
Pronunciation cue: WURK-pees · 中文： 工件 · Meaning: the material being shaped or worked on.
Example: We kept the workpiece still before beginning.
中文例句： 开始前，我们先固定工件。
35. marking gauge
Pronunciation cue: MAR-king gayj · 中文： 划线规 · Meaning: a tool for marking a line parallel to an edge.
Example: The marking gauge produced an even guideline.
中文例句： 划线规划出均匀的参考线。
36. try square
Pronunciation cue: try skwair · 中文： 直角尺 · Meaning: a tool for checking or marking a right angle.
Example: A try square helped us check the corner.
中文例句： 直角尺帮助我们检查角部。
37. bevel gauge
Pronunciation cue: BEV-uhl gayj · 中文： 活动角尺 · Meaning: an adjustable tool for transferring an angle.
Example: The bevel gauge copied the angle of the model.
中文例句： 活动角尺复制了模型角度。
38. cutting line
Pronunciation cue: KUT-ing lyn · 中文： 切割线 · Meaning: a marked line indicating where material should be cut.
Example: The cutting line stayed clearly visible.
中文例句： 切割线保持清晰可见。
39. reference edge
Pronunciation cue: REF-uh-ruhns ej · 中文： 基准边 · Meaning: an edge used as the starting point for measurements.
Example: We took both measurements from the reference edge.
中文例句： 我们从基准边进行两次测量。
40. measurement tolerance
Pronunciation cue: MEZH-uh-muhnt TOL-uh-ruhns · 中文： 尺寸公差 · Meaning: the allowed variation from a specified measurement.
Example: Measurement tolerance explains why precision matters.
中文例句： 尺寸公差说明了精度为什么重要。
Contents · Previous group · Next group
5. Recognise shaping tools | Words 41–50
41. hand plane
Pronunciation cue: hand playn · 中文： 手刨 · Meaning: a hand tool for shaving and smoothing wood.
Example: The instructor demonstrated a hand plane.
中文例句： 导师演示了手刨。
42. plane shaving
Pronunciation cue: playn SHAY-ving · 中文： 刨花 · Meaning: a thin strip of wood removed by a plane.
Example: A plane shaving curled away from the surface.
中文例句： 一片刨花从表面卷起。
43. wood chisel
Pronunciation cue: wood CHIZ-uhl · 中文： 木工凿 · Meaning: a sharp-edged tool for cutting or shaping wood.
Example: The wood chisel was handled only under supervision.
中文例句： 木工凿只在监督下使用。
44. wooden mallet
Pronunciation cue: WOOD-uhn MAL-it · 中文： 木槌 · Meaning: a wooden striking tool used in certain craft tasks.
Example: The wooden mallet rested beside the instructor.
中文例句： 木槌放在导师旁边。
45. coping saw
Pronunciation cue: KOH-ping saw · 中文： 弓形曲线锯 · Meaning: a narrow-bladed framed saw suited to curved cuts.
Example: The coping saw followed the curved outline.
中文例句： 弓形曲线锯沿曲线轮廓切割。
46. tenon saw
Pronunciation cue: TEN-uhn saw · 中文： 榫头锯 · Meaning: a backed hand saw used for precise straight cuts.
Example: A tenon saw has a stiffened back.
中文例句： 榫头锯具有加固的锯背。
47. saw kerf
Pronunciation cue: saw kurf · 中文： 锯缝 · Meaning: the slot or width of material removed by a saw.
Example: The saw kerf was wider than the pencil line.
中文例句： 锯缝比铅笔线宽。
48. wood rasp
Pronunciation cue: wood rasp · 中文： 木锉 · Meaning: a coarse tool used to shape wood.
Example: The wood rasp removed material from the curved edge.
中文例句： 木锉从弯曲边缘去除木料。
49. sanding block
Pronunciation cue: SAN-ding blok · 中文： 砂磨块 · Meaning: a block supporting sandpaper for even abrasion.
Example: A sanding block helped keep the surface flat.
中文例句： 砂磨块帮助保持表面平整。
50. sandpaper grit
Pronunciation cue: SAND-pay-puh grit · 中文： 砂纸粒度 · Meaning: the rating describing abrasive particle size on sandpaper.
Example: We checked the sandpaper grit before smoothing the piece.
中文例句： 打磨木件前，我们先检查砂纸粒度。
Contents · Previous group · Next group
6. Compare wooden connections | Words 51–60
51. housing joint
Pronunciation cue: HOW-zing joynt · 中文： 槽口接合 · Meaning: a connection in which a piece fits into a channel cut in another.
Example: A housing joint can support the end of a shelf.
中文例句： 槽口接合可以支撑搁板端部。
52. bridle joint
Pronunciation cue: BRY-duhl joynt · 中文： 开口榫接合 · Meaning: an open-ended connection using a projecting part and a matching slot.
Example: The bridle joint allowed us to see the matching shapes.
中文例句： 开口榫接合让我们看清相配形状。
53. mortise-and-tenon joint
Pronunciation cue: MOR-tis and TEN-uhn joynt · 中文： 榫卯连接 · Meaning: a connection joining a projecting tenon with a matching mortise.
Example: A mortise-and-tenon joint connects two wooden parts.
中文例句： 榫卯连接把两个木制部件接在一起。
54. dovetail joint
Pronunciation cue: DUV-tayl joynt · 中文： 燕尾榫 · Meaning: an interlocking connection with flared pins and tails.
Example: The dovetail joint resisted being pulled straight apart.
中文例句： 燕尾榫能抵抗直接拉开。
55. lap joint
Pronunciation cue: lap joynt · 中文： 搭接 · Meaning: a connection in which parts overlap.
Example: A lap joint uses an overlapping area.
中文例句： 搭接利用重叠区域进行连接。
56. butt joint
Pronunciation cue: but joynt · 中文： 平接 · Meaning: a simple connection where one end meets another surface.
Example: The model illustrated a basic butt joint.
中文例句： 模型展示了基本平接。
57. mitre joint
Pronunciation cue: MY-tuh joynt · 中文： 斜角接合 · Meaning: a connection between angled ends forming a corner.
Example: A mitre joint produced a neat frame corner.
中文例句： 斜角接合形成了整齐的框角。
58. dowel joint
Pronunciation cue: DOW-uhl joynt · 中文： 木销接合 · Meaning: a connection strengthened by cylindrical wooden pins.
Example: The dowel joint used pins inside matching holes.
中文例句： 木销接合在对应孔中使用木销。
59. finger joint
Pronunciation cue: FING-guh joynt · 中文： 指接 · Meaning: an interlocking connection with repeated projecting sections.
Example: The finger joint had a row of matching projections.
中文例句： 指接具有一排相配的凸出部分。
60. dry fit
Pronunciation cue: dry fit · 中文： 试装 · Meaning: assembling parts without adhesive to check their fit.
Example: A dry fit revealed the gap before gluing.
中文例句： 试装在上胶前发现了缝隙。
Contents · Previous group · Next group
7. Prepare a joined surface | Words 61–70
61. wood adhesive
Pronunciation cue: wood ad-HEE-siv · 中文： 木材胶黏剂 · Meaning: a bonding substance intended for wooden parts.
Example: The wood adhesive was chosen for the task.
中文例句： 木材胶黏剂根据任务选择。
62. clamping pressure
Pronunciation cue: KLAM-ping PRESH-uh · 中文： 夹紧压力 · Meaning: the force applied by clamps during assembly.
Example: Clamping pressure should follow the instructor’s guidance.
中文例句： 夹紧压力应遵循导师指导。
63. glue line
Pronunciation cue: gloo lyn · 中文： 胶缝 · Meaning: the adhesive layer between bonded surfaces.
Example: The glue line was visible at the edge.
中文例句： 边缘能看见胶缝。
64. adhesive curing
Pronunciation cue: ad-HEE-siv KYOOR-ing · 中文： 胶黏剂固化 · Meaning: the process through which adhesive develops its bond.
Example: Adhesive curing takes time.
中文例句： 胶黏剂固化需要时间。
65. joint alignment
Pronunciation cue: joynt uh-LYN-muhnt · 中文： 接合对齐 · Meaning: the positioning of connected parts relative to each other.
Example: Joint alignment affected the shape of the frame.
中文例句： 接合对齐影响框架形状。
66. flush surface
Pronunciation cue: flush SUR-fis · 中文： 齐平表面 · Meaning: a surface level with the adjoining surface.
Example: The two pieces formed a flush surface.
中文例句： 两个木件形成了齐平表面。
67. raised grain
Pronunciation cue: rayzd grayn · 中文： 起毛纹理 · Meaning: wood fibres lifted above the surface.
Example: Raised grain made the board feel rough.
中文例句： 起毛纹理让木板摸起来粗糙。
68. edge rounding
Pronunciation cue: ej ROWN-ding · 中文： 边缘倒圆 · Meaning: shaping a sharp edge into a curved one.
Example: Edge rounding made the object more comfortable to hold.
中文例句： 边缘倒圆让物件握起来更舒适。
69. surface preparation
Pronunciation cue: SUR-fis prep-uh-RAY-shuhn · 中文： 表面处理准备 · Meaning: cleaning and smoothing before a finish is applied.
Example: Surface preparation affected the final appearance.
中文例句： 表面处理准备影响最终外观。
70. finish compatibility
Pronunciation cue: FIN-ish kuhm-pat-uh-BIL-i-tee · 中文： 涂饰相容性 · Meaning: whether a finish suits the wood and earlier treatments.
Example: We checked finish compatibility before coating the piece.
中文例句： 涂饰木件前，我们检查相容性。
Contents · Previous group · Next group
8. Choose and maintain finishes | Words 71–80
71. wood oil
Pronunciation cue: wood oyl · 中文： 木油 · Meaning: oil used to protect or enhance a wooden surface.
Example: The wood oil deepened the visible grain.
中文例句： 木油使可见纹理更加鲜明。
72. wax finish
Pronunciation cue: waks FIN-ish · 中文： 蜡饰面 · Meaning: a surface treatment using wax.
Example: A wax finish gave the small object a soft sheen.
中文例句： 蜡饰面让小物件具有柔和光泽。
73. clear varnish
Pronunciation cue: kleer VAR-nish · 中文： 透明清漆 · Meaning: a transparent protective coating.
Example: Clear varnish allowed the grain to remain visible.
中文例句： 透明清漆让纹理仍然可见。
74. wood stain
Pronunciation cue: wood stayn · 中文： 木材着色剂 · Meaning: a treatment that changes wood colour while often leaving grain visible.
Example: Wood stain altered the colour of the sample.
中文例句： 木材着色剂改变了样本颜色。
75. matte finish
Pronunciation cue: mat FIN-ish · 中文： 哑光饰面 · Meaning: a surface finish with little gloss.
Example: The matte finish reflected little light.
中文例句： 哑光饰面反射的光较少。
76. satin sheen
Pronunciation cue: SAT-in sheen · 中文： 缎面光泽 · Meaning: a soft level of gloss between matte and high gloss.
Example: Satin sheen gave the surface a gentle reflection.
中文例句： 缎面光泽让表面产生柔和反光。
77. finish coat
Pronunciation cue: FIN-ish koht · 中文： 涂饰层 · Meaning: a layer of finishing material applied to a surface.
Example: The finish coat needed time to dry.
中文例句： 涂饰层需要时间干燥。
78. coat adhesion
Pronunciation cue: koht ad-HEE-zhuhn · 中文： 涂层附着力 · Meaning: how effectively a surface coating sticks to its substrate.
Example: Coat adhesion depends partly on surface preparation.
中文例句： 涂层附着力部分取决于表面处理准备。
79. surface sheen
Pronunciation cue: SUR-fis sheen · 中文： 表面光泽 · Meaning: the appearance of light reflected from a surface.
Example: Surface sheen changed after the treatment.
中文例句： 处理后，表面光泽发生变化。
80. finish maintenance
Pronunciation cue: FIN-ish MAYN-tuh-nuhns · 中文： 饰面维护 · Meaning: care that preserves a treated surface.
Example: Finish maintenance helps keep the object in good condition.
中文例句： 饰面维护有助于保持物件状态。
Contents · Previous group · Next group
9. Learn safely in a workshop | Words 81–90
81. wood-dust control
Pronunciation cue: wood dust kuhn-TROHL · 中文： 木粉尘控制 · Meaning: measures that limit airborne dust from woodworking.
Example: Wood-dust control was part of the workshop briefing.
中文例句： 木粉尘控制是工作坊说明的一部分。
82. dust extraction
Pronunciation cue: dust ik-STRAK-shuhn · 中文： 粉尘抽排 · Meaning: removal of dust through a collection system.
Example: Dust extraction helped keep the work area cleaner.
中文例句： 粉尘抽排帮助保持工作区清洁。
83. tool supervision
Pronunciation cue: tool soo-puh-VIZH-uhn · 中文： 工具使用监督 · Meaning: oversight by a qualified person during tool use.
Example: Tool supervision was essential for beginners.
中文例句： 工具使用监督对初学者很重要。
84. eye protection
Pronunciation cue: eye pruh-TEK-shuhn · 中文： 护眼装备 · Meaning: equipment designed to protect the eyes.
Example: We wore eye protection for the supervised activity.
中文例句： 监督活动中，我们佩戴护眼装备。
85. workshop ventilation
Pronunciation cue: WURK-shop ven-ti-LAY-shuhn · 中文： 工作坊通风 · Meaning: air movement that reduces fumes and airborne particles.
Example: Workshop ventilation was checked before the session.
中文例句： 课程前先检查工作坊通风。
86. tool storage
Pronunciation cue: tool STOR-ij · 中文： 工具收纳 · Meaning: keeping tools in designated secure places.
Example: Tool storage left the bench clear.
中文例句： 工具收纳让工作台保持整洁。
87. sharp-edge awareness
Pronunciation cue: sharp ej uh-WAIR-nuhs · 中文： 锐边意识 · Meaning: attention to edges that can cause injury.
Example: Sharp-edge awareness helped us handle the sample carefully.
中文例句： 锐边意识帮助我们谨慎处理样本。
88. age-appropriate activity
Pronunciation cue: ayj uh-PROH-pree-uht ak-TIV-uh-tee · 中文： 适龄活动 · Meaning: a task suited to the participant’s age and readiness.
Example: We asked for an age-appropriate activity.
中文例句： 我们询问了适龄活动。
89. instructor demonstration
Pronunciation cue: in-STRUK-tuh dem-uhn-STRAY-shuhn · 中文： 导师演示 · Meaning: a practical example shown by the person teaching.
Example: The instructor demonstration came before our attempt.
中文例句： 导师演示在我们尝试之前进行。
90. craft-session booking
Pronunciation cue: kraft SESH-uhn BOOK-ing · 中文： 手作课程预约 · Meaning: a reservation for a scheduled craft activity.
Example: Craft-session booking confirmed the programme details.
中文例句： 手作课程预约确认了项目细节。
Contents · Previous group · Next group
10. Explain craft and material choices | Words 91–100
91. woodcraft exhibition
Pronunciation cue: WOOD-kraft ek-si-BISH-uhn · 中文： 木工艺展览 · Meaning: a display of objects and processes involving wood.
Example: The woodcraft exhibition showed several joining methods.
中文例句： 木工艺展览展示了几种连接方法。
92. material comparison
Pronunciation cue: muh-TEER-ee-uhl kuhm-PAIR-uh-suhn · 中文： 材料比较 · Meaning: examining how materials differ in properties.
Example: Material comparison helped us choose descriptive words.
中文例句： 材料比较帮助我们选择描述词。
93. craftsmanship detail
Pronunciation cue: KRAFTS-muhn-ship DEE-tayl · 中文： 工艺细节 · Meaning: a small feature showing the care or skill of the maker.
Example: A smooth corner was a craftsmanship detail.
中文例句： 光滑的角部是一处工艺细节。
94. maker’s intention
Pronunciation cue: MAY-kuhz in-TEN-shuhn · 中文： 制作者意图 · Meaning: the purpose behind a design or construction choice.
Example: We discussed the maker’s intention rather than only appearance.
中文例句： 我们讨论制作者意图，而不只看外观。
95. functional design
Pronunciation cue: FUNGK-shuh-nuhl dih-ZYN · 中文： 功能设计 · Meaning: design organised around how an object will be used.
Example: Functional design explains the handle’s shape.
中文例句： 功能设计解释了把手形状。
96. repairable object
Pronunciation cue: ri-PAIR-uh-buhl OB-jekt · 中文： 可维修物件 · Meaning: an item designed or constructed so it can be repaired.
Example: A repairable object may have replaceable parts.
中文例句： 可维修物件可能具有可更换部件。
97. timber sourcing
Pronunciation cue: TIM-buh SOR-sing · 中文： 木材来源选择 · Meaning: obtaining timber and identifying its origin.
Example: Timber sourcing matters when discussing material responsibility.
中文例句： 讨论材料责任时，木材来源选择很重要。
98. material stewardship
Pronunciation cue: muh-TEER-ee-uhl STOO-uhd-ship · 中文： 材料珍惜与管理 · Meaning: careful and responsible use of materials.
Example: Material stewardship includes avoiding unnecessary waste.
中文例句： 材料珍惜与管理包括避免不必要浪费。
99. woodcraft journal
Pronunciation cue: WOOD-kraft JUR-nuhl · 中文： 木工艺日记 · Meaning: a written record of craft observations and learning.
Example: My woodcraft journal explained a joint using a sketch.
中文例句： 我的木工艺日记用素描解释了一种接合方式。
100. woodland learning visit
Pronunciation cue: WOOD-luhnd LUR-ning VIZ-it · 中文： 林地学习参观 · Meaning: a visit connecting a woodland setting with educational activities.
Example: The woodland learning visit connected trees with useful objects.
中文例句： 林地学习参观把树木与实用物件联系起来。
Contents · Previous group · Jangheung context
Why Jangheung makes these words useful / 为什么这些词在这里有用
Start with the material. A board’s grain is related to its internal structure, and different cut surfaces reveal different patterns. The broad face, narrow edge and end of the same piece may look quite different. Those observations give you a useful starting point before you discuss whether an object is smooth, strong or attractive.
Wood also responds to moisture. A finished board is not a motionless substance under every condition. Changes in water content can contribute to swelling, shrinkage and distortion. That is why drying, storage, fit and finish matter. A small gap in a joint may be easier to understand when you connect it with the material’s behaviour.
Then look at the maker’s task. A frame corner, shelf support and interlocking box corner solve different problems. A joint name identifies a particular arrangement of parts. A description of alignment or fit explains whether those parts meet as intended. The vocabulary becomes useful when you connect the shape of a joint with its job.
Finally, ask what a surface treatment does. Colour, sheen, protection and maintenance are related but distinct. A darker colour does not by itself prove that a surface is more durable. Look at the purpose of the treatment and the maker’s explanation, then describe the visible result without adding a performance claim you cannot verify.
Plan, observe and ask / 计划、观察与提问
During a woodland walk, begin with a tree observation. Notice the trunk and a fallen or displayed cross-section if one is available. Do not cut or remove material to make your own example. A labelled display or photograph can supply plenty to discuss.
At a woodcraft display, choose one object and trace the sequence: material, measurements, shaping, connection and finish. Ask which steps are demonstrated and which are only described. This helps you avoid writing as though you personally used tools that you only saw in an exhibition.
If you book a practical session, confirm the task, age suitability and supervision. Follow the instructor’s directions, secure the workpiece as taught and use the required protection. The vocabulary here helps you understand instructions; it does not replace hands-on instruction.
A short conversation / 简短对话
eduKateSG illustrative dialogue: This is a learning example, not a quoted conversation with local staff.
Visitor: Why do these two surfaces show different patterns? / 游客：为什么这两个表面的图案不同？
Educator: They reveal the grain from different directions. Compare the end grain with the face grain. / 教育者：它们从不同方向展示纹理。比较端面纹理与板面纹理。
Visitor: Why check the fit before adding adhesive? / 游客：为什么上胶前先检查配合？
Educator: A dry fit helps reveal a gap or alignment problem while the parts can still be adjusted. / 教育者：试装能在部件仍可调整时发现缝隙或对齐问题。
Turn the visit into a paragraph / 把旅行写成一段话
eduKateSG model paragraph — an imagined visit: At Jangheung, the woodland setting made the woodcraft display feel easier to understand. I began with the grain direction on a board and then compared a frame corner with an interlocking joint. The maker’s explanation showed why a dry fit mattered before bonding. A matte finish gave the surface a quiet appearance, but I kept its appearance separate from questions about protection. My journal followed the object from material to function.
中文参考： 在长兴，林地环境让我更容易理解木工艺展示。我先观察木板纹理方向，再比较框角与互锁接合。制作者的说明让我了解胶合前试装的重要性。哑光饰面让表面显得柔和，但我把外观与保护性能问题分开。我的日记从材料一路记录到功能。
Build your own paragraph in four moves: place the reader in the destination; select one observable detail; explain a useful connection; end with what you learned or still want to investigate. Keep the scene specific, and use a technical expression only when it adds meaning.
Continue with the South Korea Writing Workbook for vocabulary, comprehension and composition drills.
Use the words with precision / 精确使用词语
Grain direction describes the main orientation of fibres. Wood figure describes a distinctive visible pattern. The two can be related, but the words are not identical.
A joint describes how parts meet. Alignment describes their relative position. A dry fit is a checking stage before adhesive. A strong explanation separates the connection, its positioning and the assembly step.
Sheen describes reflection and appearance. Adhesion describes how a coating sticks. Drying and curing are product-dependent processes, so follow actual instructions rather than assuming that a surface which feels dry is ready for use.
Try a small retrieval routine: select five expressions today, hide the definitions and explain each in your own words. Tomorrow, rebuild two sentences without looking. Later in the week, use the same expressions in a fresh observation or comparison. Learning becomes stronger when a word can travel into a new sentence.
A quick practice check / 小练习
1. Which surface shows the cut ends of wood fibres?
2. What is the purpose of a dry fit?
3. Does a darker finish automatically mean better protection?
4. Write one sentence connecting a feature with its function.
Answers and sample responses / 答案与示例
1. End grain.
2. To check how parts fit and align before adhesive is applied.
3. No. Colour alone does not establish protective performance.
4. Example: Edge rounding made the small object more comfortable to hold.
Questions before you go / 出发前的小问题
Does this guide confirm that every listed craft is available?
No. The vocabulary supports learning about wood. Confirm actual activities, bookings and participant requirements with the organiser.
What is a good first task for a child?
Describe the grain on a displayed wooden object and draw one visible connection. Choose practical activities only through the organiser’s age and supervision guidance.
How does this help composition writing?
It replaces general words such as ‘nice’ and ‘good’ with observations about grain, fit, sheen and function. Then you can explain why a detail matters.
Continue learning with eduKate / 继续学习
For the wider country route, use Top 200 Vocabulary Words for Visiting South Korea. For new themes, visit the Vocabulary Lists Control Tower and the Vocabulary Articles and Knowledge Hub.
Damyang bamboo and craft vocabulary offers a related setting for comparison.
Icheon craft vocabulary offers a related setting for comparison.
Official destination and learning information
Korea Tourism Organization: Jeongnamjin Cypress Forest Woodland
Destination descriptions were checked against the sources above on 5 October 2026. Consult current official information for access, bookings and programme changes. Definitions, translations, practice and imagined examples are written for learning.